Solution Manual for MATLAB Programming for Engineers

5th Edition Chapman 1111576718 9781111576714

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Solution Manual:

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programming-for-engineers-5th-edition-chapman-1111576718-
9781111576714/

2. MATLAB Basics
2.1 (a) The size of array1 is 4 5. (b) The value of array1(1,4) is -3.5. (c)
array1(:,1:2:5) is a 4 3 array consisting of the first, third, and fifth columns of array1:

>> array1(:,1:2:5)
ans =
0 2.1000 6.0000
0 -6.6000 3.4000
2.1000 0.3000 1.3000
1.1000 0 -2.0000

(d) array1([1 3],end) consists of the elements in the first and third rows on the last column
of array1:

» array1([1 3],end)

5
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 ans =
6.0000
1.3000

2.2 (a) Legal (b) Illegal—names must begin with a letter. (c) Legal (d) Illegal—names must begin
with a letter. (e) Illegal—the apostrophe and the question mark are illegal characters.

2.3 (a) This is a three element row array containing the values 2, 5, and 8:

» a = 2:3:8
a =
2 5 8

(b) This is a 3 3 element array containing three identical columns:

» b = [a' a' a']

b =
2 2 2
5 5 5
8 8 8

(c) This is a 2 2 element array containing the first and third rows and columns of b:

» c = b(1:2:3,1:2:3)
c =
2 2
8 8

(d) This is a 1 3 row array containing the sum of a (= [2 5 8]) plus the second row of b (= [5 5
5]):

» d = a + b(2,:)
d =
7 10 13

6
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 (e) This is a 1 9 row array containing:

» w = [zeros(1,3) ones(3,1)' 3:5']

w =
0 0 0 1 1 1 3 4 5

Note that the expression 3:5' is the same as 3:5, because the transpose operator applies to the
single element 5 only: 5' = 5. Both expressions produce the row array [1 3 5]. To produce
a column array, we would write the expression as (3:5)', so that the transpose operator applied
to the entire vector.

(f) This statement swaps the first and third rows in the second column of array b:

» b([1 3],2) = b([3 1],2)

b =
2 8 2
5 5 5
8 2 8

(g) This statement produces nothing, because even the first element (1) is below the termination
condition (5) when counting down:

» e = 1:-1:5
e =
Empty matrix: 1-by-0

2.4 (a) This is the third row of the array:

» array1(3,:)
ans =
2.1000 0.3000 0.1000 -0.4000 1.3000

(b) This is the third column of the array:

» array1(:,3)
ans =
2.1000
-5.6000
0.1000
0

(c) This array consists of the first and third rows and the third and fourth columns of array1, with
the third column repeated twice:

» array1(1:2:3,[3 3 4])
ans =
-2.1000 -2.1000 -3.5000
0.1000 0.1000 -0.4000

(d) This array consists of the first row repeated twice:

» array1([1 1],:)
ans =

7
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 1.1000 0 -2.1000 -3.5000 6.0000
1.1000 0 -2.1000 -3.5000 6.0000

2.5 (a) This statement displays the number using the normal MATLAB format:

» disp (['value = ' num2str(value)]);

value = 31.4159

(b) This statement displays the number as an integer:

» disp (['value = ' int2str(value)]);

value = 31

(c) This statement displays the number in exponential format:

» fprintf('value = %e\n',value);
value = 3.141593e+001

(d) This statement displays the number in floating-point format:

» fprintf('value = %f\n',value);
value = 31.415927

(e) This statement displays the number in general format, which uses an exponential form if the
number is too large or too small.

» fprintf('value = %g\n',value);
value = 31.4159

(f) This statement displays the number in floating-point format in a 12-character field, with 4 digits
after the decimal point:

» fprintf('value = %12.4f\n',value);
value = 31.4159

2.6 The results of each case are shown below.

(a) Legal: This is element-by-element addition.

» result = a + b
result =
1 4
-1 6

10
(b) Legal: This is matrix multiplication. Since eye(2) is the 2 2 identity matrix ,
the
result of the multiplication is just the original matrix a. 01

» result = a * d
result =
2 1
-1 4

8
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 (c) Legal: This is element by element array multiplication

» result = a .* d
result =
2 0
0 4

(d) Legal: This is matrix multiplication

» result = a * c
result =
5
2

(e) Illegal: This is element by element array multiplication, and the two arrays have different sizes.

(f) Legal: This is matrix left division

» result = a \ b
result =
-0.4444 1.1111
-0.1111 0.7778

(g) Legal: This is element by element array left division: b(i) / a(i)

» result = a .\ b
result =
-0.5000 3.0000
0 0.5000

(h) Legal: This is element by element exponentiation

» result = a .^ b
result =
0.5000 1.0000
1.0000 16.0000

2.7 (a) 8.2 (b) 8.2 (c) 1.0 (d) 729 (e) 6561 (f) 729 (g) 4 (h) 4 (i) 3

2.8 (a) 0.0 + 25.0i (b) -0.6224i

2.9 The solution to this set of equations can be found using the left division operator:

» a = [ -2.0 +5.0 +1.0 +3.0 +4.0 -1.0; ...

2.0 -1.0 -5.0 -2.0 +6.0 +4.0; ...
-1.0 +6.0 -4.0 -5.0 +3.0 -1.0; ...
4.0 +3.0 -6.0 -5.0 -2.0 -2.0; ...
-3.0 +6.0 +4.0 +2.0 -6.0 +4.0; ...
2.0 +4.0 +4.0 +4.0 +5.0 -4.0 ];

» b = [ 0.0; 1.0; -6.0; 10.0; -6.0; -2.0];

» a\b
ans =
9
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 0.6626
-0.1326
-3.0137
2.8355
-1.0852
-0.8360

2.10 A program to plot the height and speed of a ball thrown vertically upward is shown below:

% Script file: ball.m

%
% Purpose:
% To calculate and display the trajectory of a ball
% thrown upward at a user-specified height and speed.
%
% Record of revisions:
% Date Programmer Description of change
% ==== ========== =====================
% 03/03/15 S. J. Chapman Original code
%
% Define variables:
% g -- Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)
% h -- Height (m)
% h0 -- Initial height (m)
% t -- Time (s)
% v -- Vertical Speed (m/s)
% v0 -- Initial Vertical Speed (m/s)

% Initialize the acceleration due to gravity

g = -9.81;

% Prompt the user for the initial velocity.

v0 = input('Enter the initial velocity of the ball: ');

% Prompt the user for the initial height

h0 = input('Enter the initial height of the ball: ');

% We will calculate the speed and height for the first

% 10 seconds of flight. (Note that this program can be
% refined further once we learn how to use loops in a
% later chapter. For now, we don't know how to detect
% the point where the ball passes through the ground
% at height = 0.)
t = 0:0.5:10;
h = zeros(size(t));
v = zeros(size(t));
h = 0.5 * g * t .^2 + v0 .* t + h0;
v = g .* t + v0;

% Display the result

plot(t,h,t,v);
title('Plot of height and speed vs time');
xlabel('Time (s)');
10
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 ylabel('Height (m) and Speed (m/s)');
legend('Height','Speed');
grid on;

When this program is executed, the results are:

» ball
Enter the initial velocity of the ball: 20
Enter the initial height of the ball: 10

2.11 A program to calculate the distance between two points in a Cartesian plane is shown below:

% Script file: dist2d.m

%
% Purpose:
% To calculate the distance between two points on a
% Cartesian plane.
%
% Record of revisions:
% Date Programmer Description of change
% ==== ========== =====================
% 03/03/15 S. J. Chapman Original code
%
% Define variables:
% dist -- Distance between points
% x1, y1 -- Point 1
% x2, y2 -- Point 2

10
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 % Prompt the user for the input points
x1 = input('Enter x1: ');
y1 = input('Enter y1: ');
x2 = input('Enter x2: ');
y2 = input('Enter y2: ');

% Calculate distance
dist = sqrt((x1-x2)^2 + (y1-y2)^2);

% Tell user
disp (['The distance is ' num2str(dist)]);

When this program is executed, the results are:

» dist2d
Enter x1: -3
Enter y1: 2
Enter x2: 6
Enter y2: -6
The distance is 10

2.12 A program to calculate the distance between two points in a Cartesian plane is shown below:

% Script file: dist3d.m

%
% Purpose:
% To calculate the distance between two points on a
% three-dimensional Cartesian plane.
%
% Record of revisions:
% Date Programmer Description of change
% ==== ========== =====================
% 03/03/15 S. J. Chapman Original code
%
% Define variables:
% dist -- Distance between points
% x1, y1, z1 -- Point 1
% x2, y2, z2 -- Point 2

% Prompt the user for the input points

x1 = input('Enter x1: ');
y1 = input('Enter y1: ');
z1 = input('Enter z1: ');
x2 = input('Enter x2: ');
y2 = input('Enter y2: ');
z2 = input('Enter z2: ');

% Calculate distance
dist = sqrt((x1-x2)^2 + (y1-y2)^2 + (z1-z2)^2);

% Tell user
disp (['The distance is ' num2str(dist)]);
11
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 When this program is executed, the results are:

» dist3d
Enter x1: -3
Enter y1: 2
Enter z1: 5
Enter x2: 3
Enter y2: -6
Enter z2: -5
The distance is 14.1421

2.13 A program to calculate power in dBm is shown below:

% Script file: decibel.m

%
% Purpose:
% To calculate the dBm corresponding to a user-supplied
% power in watts.
%
% Record of revisions:
% Date Programmer Description of change
% ==== ========== =====================
% 03/03/15 S. J. Chapman Original code
%
% Define variables:
% dBm -- Power in dBm
% pin -- Power in watts

% Prompt the user for the input power.

pin = input('Enter the power in watts: ');

% Calculate dBm
dBm = 10 * log10( pin / 1.0e-3 );

% Tell user
disp (['Power = ' num2str(dBm) ' dBm']);

When this program is executed, the results are:

» decibel
Enter the power in watts: 10
Power = 40 dBm
» decibel
Enter the power in watts: 0.1
Power = 20 dBm

When this program is executed, the results are:

% Script file: db_plot.m

%
% Purpose:
% To plot power in watts vs power in dBm on a linear and
12
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 % log scale.
%
% Record of revisions:
% Date Programmer Description of change
% ==== ========== =====================
% 03/03/15 S. J. Chapman Original code
%
% Define variables:
% dBm -- Power in dBm
% pin -- Power in watts

% Create array of power in watts

pin = 1:2:100;

% Calculate power in dBm

dBm = 10 * log10( pin / 1.0e-3 );

% Plot on linear scale

figure(1);
plot(dBm,pin);
title('Plot of power in watts vs power in dBm');
xlabel('Power (dBm)');
ylabel('Power (watts)');
grid on;

% Plot on semilog scale

figure(2);
semilogy(dBm,pin);
title('Plot of power in watts vs power in dBm');
xlabel('Power (dBm)');
ylabel('Power (watts)');
grid on;

13
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 When this program is executed, the results are:

14
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
2.14 A program to calculate and plot the power consumed by a resistor as the voltage across the resistor
is varied from 1 to 200 volts shown below:

% Script file: p_resistor.m

%
% Purpose:
% To plot the power consumed by a resistor as a function
% of the voltage across the resistor on both a linear and
% a log scale.
%
% Record of revisions:
% Date Programmer Description of change
% ==== ========== =====================
% 03/03/15 S. J. Chapman Original code
%
% Define variables:
% ir -- Current in the resistor (A)
% pr -- Power in the resistor (W)
% r -- Resistance of resistor (ohms)
% vr -- Voltage across the resistor (V)
% vr_db -- Voltage across the resistor (dBW)

% Set the resistance

r = 1000;

% Create array of voltage across the resistor

vr = 1:200;

% Calculate the current flow through the resistor

ir = vr / r;

% Calculate the power consumed by the resistor in watts

pr = ir .* vr;

% Calculate the power consumed by the resistor in dBW

pr_db = 10 * log10(pr);

% Plot on linear scale

figure(1);
plot(vr,pr);
title('Plot of power in watts vs voltage in volts');
xlabel('Voltage (V)');
ylabel('Power (watts)');
grid on;

% Plot on semilog scale

figure(2);
plot(vr,pr_db);
title('Plot of power in dBW vs voltage in volts');
xlabel('Voltage (V)');
ylabel('Power (dBW)');
grid on;

15
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 The resulting plots are shown below.

16
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
2.15 (a) A program that accepts a 3D vector in rectangular coordinates and calculates the vector in
spherical coordinates is shown below:

% Script file: rect2spherical.m

%
% Purpose:
% To calculate the spherical coordinates of a vector given
% the 3D rectangular coordinates.
%
% Record of revisions:
% Date Programmer Description of change
% ==== ========== =====================
% 03/04/15 S. J. Chapman Original code
%
% Define variables:
% x, y, z -- Rectangular coordinates of vector
% r -- Length of vector
% theta -- Direction of vector (x,y) plane, in degrees
% phi -- Elevation angle of vector, in degrees

% Prompt the user for the input points

x = input('Enter x: ');
y = input('Enter y: ');
z = input('Enter z: ');

% Calculate polar coordinates. Note that "180/pi" converts

% from radians to degrees. r
= sqrt(x^2 + y^2 + z^2);
theta = atan2(y,x) * 180/pi;
phi = atan2(z,sqrt(x^2 + y^2)) * 180/pi;

% Tell user
disp ('The spherical coordinates are:');
disp (['r = ' num2str(r)]);
disp (['theta = ' num2str(theta)]);
disp (['phi = ' num2str(phi)]);

When this program is executed, the results are:

>> rect2spherical
Enter x: 4
Enter y: 3
Enter z: 0
The spherical coordinates are:
r = 5
theta = 36.8699
phi = 0

>> rect2spherical
Enter x: 4
Enter y: 0
Enter z: 3
The spherical coordinates are:

17
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
 r = 5
theta = 0
phi = 36.8699

(b) A program that accepts a 3D vector in spherical coordinates (with the angles and ϕ
in degrees) and calculates the vector in rectangular coordinates is shown below:

% Script file: spherical2rect.m

%
% Purpose:
% To calculate the 3D rectangular coordinates of a vector
% given the spherical coordinates.
%
% Record of revisions:
% Date Programmer Description of change
% ==== ========== =====================
% 03/04/15 S. J. Chapman Original code
%
% Define variables:
% x, y, z -- Rectangular coordinates of vector
% r -- Length of vector
% theta -- Direction of vector (x,y) plane, in degrees
% phi -- Elevation angle of vector, in degrees

% Prompt the user for the input points

r = input('Enter vector length r: ');
theta = input('Enter plan view angle theta in degrees: ');
phi = input('Enter elevation angle phi in degrees: ');

% Calculate spherical coordinates. Note that "pi/180" converts

% from radians to degrees.
x = r * cos(phi * pi/180) * cos(theta * pi/180);
y = r * cos(phi * pi/180) * sin(theta * pi/180);
z = r * sin(phi * pi/180);

% Tell user
disp ('The 3D rectangular coordinates are:');
disp (['x = ' num2str(x)]);
disp (['y = ' num2str(y)]);
disp (['z = ' num2str(z)]);

When this program is executed, the results are:

>> spherical2rect
Enter vector length r: 5
Enter plan view angle theta in degrees: 36.87
Enter elevation angle phi in degrees: 0
The rectangular coordinates are:
x = 4
y = 3
z = 0
>> spherical2rect
Enter vector length r: 5
18
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
“It’s yours. My friend in the South doesn’t want it.”
“With all that cloth you won’t have to worry about breeches now for
the rest of your life, Don,” said Glen grinning.
Don did not reply; he was thinking hard.
The next morning while Glen and his uncle were with the troops he
entered the cellar and spent almost an hour making a list of the
supplies that were there. Then he hurried up-stairs and went out into
the street.
Half an hour later he was standing in front of a lieutenant in a large
hallway. “I’d like very much to see General Washington,” he said.
“Indeed,” said the lieutenant; “and what may be your business?”
“I have something to give him.”
“Indeed. You don’t look as if you had much to give.” The lieutenant
smiled good-naturedly. “I’m sorry to have to turn you away, but the
general is a busy man these days.”
Don fell back a pace and looked around him.
“I’m sorry——” the lieutenant was saying, when a door opened, and
a tall figure stepped into the hall.
Like a flash the lieutenant and several other officers who were
standing near by snapped to attention. It was Washington himself
that was walking quietly toward the entrance. Don gulped once, and
then before he knew what he was doing he had exclaimed:
“Sir—General Washington!”
The general turned, and Don pulled his slip of paper from his pocket
and handed it to him. “This is a list of goods that were in our cellar all
during the occupation,” he said. “My uncle, Capt. David Hollis, gave
them to me for keeping the Redcoats from getting them. I want to
give them to our army.”
Washington glanced at the paper—he seemed to read everything on
it in a single glance—and then turned to the boy. “The army will be
very grateful to have these supplies,” he said. “I thank you, my boy.
You are a true patriot.”
Don colored to the roots of his hair as he watched the general hand
the paper to the lieutenant and then turn and smile and pass into the
street.
“Donald!” cried Aunt Martha as Don burst noisily into the room.
“What’s the matter?”
“I gave the supplies to Washington!” cried Don. “I saw him, Aunt
Martha, and he said the army would be glad to get them. You know
they need stuff for uniforms, and especially powder.”
“Good for you, Donald! It’s the best thing you could have done with
them.”
“And, Aunt Martha, he said I was a true patriot!”
“You are, Donald; you’ve helped the cause.”
In another minute Don was, closely followed by Sailor, on his way to
Hog Alley to tell Jud the news. His eyes were bright, and his face
was flushed as he ran along the streets, which now were filled with
Continental uniforms. He had done something to help his country at
last.
 TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES:
Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.
Inconsistencies in hyphenation have been
standardized.
Archaic or variant spelling has been retained.
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A PATRIOT LAD
OF OLD BOSTON ***

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