SOFIA AHMAD

BS 7A
04212013038

TASK 6 EXPLANATION

agecat = below 28

Somatic Avoidance
PTSD.SUM Insomnia Detachment Anger Problem Guilt
N Valid 63 63 63 63 63 63 63
Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mean 79.4444 11.2540 14.8254 14.1429 16.4286 9.0000 11.8095
Median 80.0000 11.0000 15.0000 14.0000 16.0000 9.0000 12.0000
Mode 71.00 9.00b 14.00 14.00 15.00 8.00 12.0
Std. Deviation 10.74601 3.22274 2.05206 1.91646 3.04649 1.89226 2.19131
Variance 115.477 10.386 4.211 3.673 9.281 3.581 4.802
Skewness .286 .125 .046 -.409 .051 .620 .431
Std. Error of Skewness .302 .302 .302 .302 .302 .302 .302
Kurtosis .516 -.338 .364 1.196 -.672 .350 -.341
Std. Error of Kurtosis .595 .595 .595 .595 .595 .595 .595
Range 59.00 14.00 11.00 10.00 13.00 9.00 9.00
Minimum 54.00 5.00 10.00 9.00 10.00 6.00 8.00
Maximum 113.00 19.00 21.00 19.00 23.00 15.00 17.00

agecat = above 29
 Avoidance

Somatic
PTSDSUM Insomnia Detachment Anger Problem Guilt
N Valid 77 77 77 77 77 77 77

Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mean 81.5974 11.8442 14.9740 14.3247 16.9610 9.0260 12.4935
Median 82.0000 12.0000 15.0000 14.0000 17.0000 9.0000 12.0000
Mode 79.00b 15.00 16.00 15.00 17.00b 8.00 11.0
Std. Deviation 12.86904 3.48706 2.13969 2.28520 3.25432 1.79160 2.42587
Variance 165.612 12.160 4.578 5.222 10.591 3.210 5.885
Skewness .078 -.030 .192 .009 -.087 .482 .411
Std. Error of .274 .274 .274 .274 .274 .274 .274
Skewness
Kurtosis .004 -.445 .588 -.466 -.570 -.477 -.446
Std. Error of Kurtosis .541 .541 .541 .541 .541 .541 .541
Range 63.00 15.00 12.00 10.00 15.00 7.00 10.00
Minimum 54.00 5.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 6.00 8.00
Maximum 117.00 20.00 22.00 20.00 25.00 13.00 18.00

Explanation:
Comparison Of PTSD and It’s Sub-Scales for Both Age Categories:
For PTSD.SUM
Mean

• The mean for age category 1 i.e., below 28 is 79.4 whereas for age category 2(above 29)
mean is greater i.e., 81.5.

Median

• The median age category 1(below 28) is 80 whereas the age category 2(above 29) has
greater median i.e., 82.

Mode

• For age category 1(below 28) is 71 whereas age category 2(above 29) has a greater mode
i.e., 79.
Standard Deviation and Variance

• For age category 1(below 28) the standard deviation is 10.7 which is lower than the age
category 1(above 29) having standard deviation of 12.8.
• Variance for age category 1 is 115 whereas age category has more variance i.e., 165

Skewness and Kurtosis

• Age category 1 has skewness of .286 whereas age category 2 has skewness of .078.
• The kurtosis for age category 1 is .516 whereas age category 2 has kurtosis of .004.

Range

• Range of age category 1 is lower i.e., of 59 than age category 2 that has value of 63.

For Sub-Scales
Mean

• Taking into account all the six subscales for age category 1 subscale of somatic problem
has the higher mean i.e., 16.4 whereas subscale of guilt has lower mean i.e., 9.0.
• For age category 2 the subscale of somatic problem has the highest mean i.e., 16.9 and
subscale of guilt has lower mean ie, 9.02.

Median

• In age category 1 the highest median is of subscale for somatic problem i.e., 16.0 and the
lower is for subscale of guilt i.e., 9.0.
• For age category 2 the subscale of somatic problem has more median i.e., 17.0 and
subscale of guilt has lower median i.e., 9.0.

Mode

• For age category 1 subscale of somatic problem has higher mode i.e., 15 whereas
subscale of guilt has lower mode i.e., 8.
• For age category 2 subscale of somatic problem has higher mode i.e., 17 and subscale of
guilt has lower mode i.e., 8.

Standard Deviation and Variance

 • For age category 1 subscale of insomnia has higher standard deviation i.e., 3.2 and
variance of 10.3 whereas subscale of guilt has lower standard deviation of 1.8 and
variance of 3.5.
• For age category 1 the subscale of insomnia has higher standard deviation i.e., 3.4 and
variance 12 whereas subscale of guilt has lower standard deviation i.e., 1.7 and variance
of 3.2.

Skewness and Kurtosis

• For age category 1 subscale of guilt has more skewness i.e., .620 and subscale of anger
has lower skewness i.e., -.409 and kurtosis of subscale of anger i.e., 1.196 is higher and
subscale of insomnia i.e., -.338 is lower.
• For age category 2 subscale of guilt has more skewness i.e., .482 and subscale of
insomnia has lower skewness i.e., -.030 and kurtosis of subscale of detachment i.e., .588
is higher and subscale of insomnia i.e., -.445 is lower.

Range

• For age category 1 subscale of insomnia has higher range i.e., 14 and subscales of guilt
and avoidance have an equal lower range of 9.
• For age category 2 subscale of insomnia and somatic problem have equal higher range of
15 and subscale of guilt has lower range of 7.

TASK 7 EXPLANATION

Histograms
 Explanation:

• The above shown histograms are between PTSD SUM on x-axis i.e., the horizontal axis
and its Frequency on y-axis i.e., vertical axis.
• The histogram for age category 1 shows mean of 79.4 whereas the mean for age category
2 is 81.60.
• The standard deviation for age category 1 is 10.746 whereas for age category 2 it is
12.869.

Stem-and-Leaf Plots

PTSD.SUM Stem-and-Leaf Plot for

age cat= below 28

Frequency Stem & Leaf

1.00 5. 4
8.00 6. 01446778
22.00 7. 0011111122244566667899
20.00 8. 00012223333445667779
10.00 9. 0011224456
1.00 10. 0
1.00 Extremes (>=113)

Stem width: 10.00

Each leaf: 1 case(s)
PTSD.SUM Stem-and-Leaf Plot for
age cat= above 29

Frequency Stem & Leaf

3.00 5. 479
11.00 6. 01222345668
18.00 7. 122234445578899999
25.00 8. 1111122223334445677778899
16.00 9. 0112244456666779
2.00 10. 35
1.00 11. 2
1.00 Extremes (>=117)

Stem width: 10.00

Each leaf: 1 case(s)
 Description:

Graph Dispersion

• As the graph indicates, the Group 2 I.e., above 29 age category has more dispersion as
compared to group 1 I.e., below 28 age category.

Median (Q2)

• Group 1(below 29) has a median of 80 whereas group 2(above29) has median around 82
close to upper whisker.
• Q1 for group 1(below 29) is around 68 whereas Q3 is around 84 that shows interquartile
range of 16 and in comparison, to group 2(above 29) we have Q1 as 70, Q3 as 87 that sums
interquartile range of 17.

Minimum and Maximum Values

 • The minimum value i.e. lower whisker for group 1(below 29) and group 2(above 29) is
approximately 54. Same for both age categories.
• The maximum value i.e. upper whisker for group 1(below 29) is 100 whereas the
maximum value for group 2(above 29) is around 117.

Skewness

• Box plot for group 1(below 28) is negatively skewed whereas group 2(above 29) is
positively skewed.

Outliers

• Two outliers are present 9 and 65.

• 9 for age group 1 and 65 for age group 2 and can be removed from the data set.