NATURE
Newtown, Connecticut - and one of
Scrabble
 It is a word game in which two to
four players score points by
placing tiles, each bearing a single
letter.
 A game board which is divided
into a 15x15 grid of squares.
 The tiles must form words which, in
crossword fashion, flow left to right
in rows or downwards in columns.
 The words must be defined in a
standard dictionary.
HISTORY
 In 1938, American architect Alfred
Mosher Butts created the game as
a variation on an earlier word
game he invented called Lexiko.
 The new game, which he called
"Criss-Crosswords," added the
15x15 gameboard and the
crossword-style game play.
 He manufactured a few sets
himself, but was not successful in
selling the game to any major
game manufacturers of the day.
 In 1948, James Brunot, a resident
of Newtown, Connecticut - and
one of the few owners of the
original.
 James Brunot, a resident of
the few owners of the original Criss-
Crosswords game-bought the rights
to manufacture the game in
exchange for granting Butts a royalty
on every unit sold.
 Though he left most of the game
(including the distribution of letters)
unchanged, Brunot slightly
rearranged the "premium" squares
of the board and simplified the rules
he also changed the name of the
game to "Scrabble", a real word
which means "to scratch frantically".
 In 1984, Scrabble was turned into a
daytime game show on NBC.
 Scrabble ran from July 1984 to
March 1990, with a second run from
January to June 1993.
 The show was hosted by Chuck
Woolery.
 The show's tagline promotional
broadcasts was, "Every man dies;
not every man truly Scrabbles.
 In 2011, a new TV variation of
Scrabble, called Scrabble
Showdown, aired on The Hub cable
channel, which is a joint venture of
Discovery Communications, Inc. and
Hasbro.
 Scrabble was inducted into the
National Toy Hall of Fame in
2004.
EQUIPMENT
Scrabble Game Board
 A Scrabble game board is made
of up cells in a square grid. The
Scrabble board is 15 cells wide by
15 cells high. The Scrabble tiles fit
within these cells one to a cell.
Scrabble Tiles
 Scrabble is played with exactly
100 tiles. 98 of these tiles contain
letters on them, while there are 2
blank tiles. These blank tiles add a
wildcard aspect to Scrabble.
 The blanks substitute for any
letter in the alphabet. Once
played, a blank tile remains for
the remainder of the game the
letter for which it was substituted
when first played.
 Scrabble Letter Bag, Scrabble
Dictionary, Paper and Pencil, 4 tile
racks.
RULES OF THE GAME
 Without looking into the tile bag,
each of the Scrabble players takes
one tile out of the tile bag.
Whichever player has the letter
closest to the beginning of the
alphabet goes first.
 A blank tile is considered better
than an "A". These files are placed
into the bag once more.
 Starting the game, each player
begins their turn by drawing
seven tiles apiece from the bag.
 The player can do one of three
things on a turn.
 The player can place a word,
exchange tiles or pass.
 Most of the time, the player will
take the option of playing a word.
A player may pass at any time.
 If all player's pass twice in a row,
then the game ends. The first
player takes 7 letters from the
Scrabble bag and places them out
of sight of the other players on
that player's rack.
 Other players must then draw
sufficient letters to put seven
letters on their respective racks.
 Players must draw their letters in
the order in which they will play,
but they should not wait until it is
their turn to draw their letters, as
having the letters sooner gives
everyone a chance to think ahead
about how they will play.
  The first player examines his or her Double Letter Score
letters to see what words can be
 This means that a letter placed on
made from them. When a word has
this square receives double the
been found, it must be placed on
number of points that are shown
the board in a way that covers the
on the letter.
center square. This square is
marked by a star, and is also a
Double Word Score
double-word score, giving the first
 This means that a word that is
play double the score it would
made that includes the letter that
otherwise have.
is placed on this square receives
 The word may be placed either
double the number of points that
horizontally or vertically, but not
it otherwise would.
diagonally
 After each turn, the player who has
Triple Letter Score
just played draws as many letters
 This means that a letter placed on
as have just been played, so that
this square receives three times
there are always seven letters on
the number of points that are
the player's rack at the end of the
shown on the letter.
draw unless of course, the letters in
the bag have become exhausted.
Triple Word Score
SCORING  This means that a word that is
made that includes the letter that
 The score received for a turn is is placed on this square receives
based upon the point values that triple the number of points that it
appear on each file used to make a otherwise would.
word and is modified based upon
any bonus squares that are covered One Single Use
by the letters that are newly-  Note that extra point squares are
placed during that turn. The follow only usable once.
kinds of bonus squares are marked  If one player plays a word using
in specific places on the board: this cell, then the next time that
space is used to make a word, the
point value is not multiplied.

NATURE
 Hiking or walking in nature as a
recreational activity.
 Especially among those with
sedentary occupations, hiking is a
natural exercise that promotes
physical fitness, is economical and
convenient, and requires no special
equipment.
 Because hikers can walk as far as
they want, there is no physical
strain unless they walk among hills
or mountains.
HIKING
 Hiking is basic to many sporting
activities and is also a widely
recommended and practiced form
of physical training.
 For example, hiking constitutes a
large part of mountain climbing:
experienced mountaineers know
that they must train themselves for
the long, arduous hikes over the
lower trails and across glaciers and
snowfields.
 Backpack camping, hunting, cross-
country skiing and snowshoeing,
and orienteering are other sports
and sporting activities in which
hiking is important.
 The ability to walk considerable
distances without becoming
overtired (an ability generally
acquired through practice) also
enhances the enjoyment of such
other activities as bird-watching,
nature walks, field trips of all sorts,
and even sightseeing.
BENEFITS
 Hiking is a powerful cardio workout
that can:
 Lower your risk of heart disease
 Improve your blood pressure and
blood sugar levels
 Boost bone density, since walking is
a weight-bearing exercise
 Build strength in your glutes,
quadriceps, hamstrings, and the
muscles in your hips and lower legs
 Strengthen your core
 Improve balance
 Help control your weight
 Boost your mood.
WHAT TO BRING DAY HIKING
 Hiking backpack
 Weather-appropriate clothing (think
moisture-wicking and layers)
 Hiking boots or shoes
 Plenty of food
 Plenty of water
 Navigation tools such as a map and
compass
 First-aid kit
 Knife or multi-tool

NATURE
 Cycling is a healthy, low-impact
exercise that can be enjoyed by
people of all ages, from young
children to older adults.
 It is also fun, cheap, and good for the
environment.
 Riding to work or the shops is one of
the most time- efficient ways to
combine regular exercise with your
everyday routine. An estimated one
billion people ride bicycles every day
- for transport, recreation,
and sport.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF REGULAR CYCLING
 Cycling is mainly an aerobic activity,
which means that your heart, blood
vessels and lungs all get a workout.
You will breathe deeper, perspire
and experience increased body
temperature, which will improve
your overall fitness level.
THINGS TO REMEMBER
 Cycling can help to protect you from
serious diseases such as stroke,
heart attack, some cancers,
depression, diabetes, obesity, and
arthritis.
 Riding a bike is healthy, fun and a
low-impact form of exercise for all
ages.
 Cycling is easy to fit into your
daily routine by riding to the
shops, park, school or work.
The health benefits of regular cycling
include:
 increased cardiovascular fitness.
 increased muscle strength and
flexibility; improved joint mobility.
 decreased stress levels.
 improved posture and
coordination.
 strengthened bones.
 decreased body fat levels.
 prevention or management of
disease.
 reduced anxiety and depression.
THINGS TO DO:
 Choose your bike
 Get Geared Up
 Create a Habit
 Stay Safe
 Find you Ride Style
 Find a Group