THEME 17: ARTICLES (MẠO TỪ)
A. Indefinite articles: a, an. (Mạo từ không xác định: a, an)
A + N(số ít) – phát âm chữ cái
đầu là phụ âm
An + N(số ít) - phát âm chữ cái
đầu là nguyên âm
B. DEFINITE ARTICLE: THE
1. THE được dùng trước:
- Những vật duy nhất
- Các danh từ được xác nhận bởi cụm tính từ
hoặc mệnh đề tính từ
- Các danh từ được xác định qua ngữ cảnh
hoặc được đề cập trước đó
- Các danh từ chỉ sự giải trí ...
Teacher: Dai Chu
a banana, a book, a man, a woman, a table, a chair
Ngoại lệ:
- a uniform (một bộ đồng phục)
- a university (một trường đại học)
- a one-eyed man (một người đàn ông mắt chột)
- a one-way road (đường một chiều)
- a useful way (một cách hữu ích)
- a union (một liên minh, một đồng minh)
- a unit (một đơn vị)
- a European (một người châu Âu)
an apple, an orange, an elephant, an engineer, an ox
Ngoại lệ:
- an MC,
- an M.A (một cử nhân)
- an MP3 player
- an honorable man (một người đáng kính)
- an hour (một giờ)
- an honest man (một người đàn ông thật thà)
- an SOS (một tín hiệu cấp cứu)
Ex: the sun, the moon, the world....
- The house with green fence is hers.
- The man that we met has just come.
Ex: Finally, the writer killed himself.
- I have a book and an eraser. The book is now on
the table.
Ex: the theater, the concert
Quang Trung Secondary School
 THEME 17: ARTICLES (MẠO TỪ)
- Trước tên các tàu thuyền, máy bay
- Các sông, biển, đại dương, dãy núi
- Một nhóm các đảo hoặc quốc gia
- Tính từ dùng như danh từ tập hợp
- Trong so sánh nhất
- Tên người ở số nhiều (chỉ gia đình)
- Các danh từ đại diện cho 1 loài
- Các hạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
- Số thứ tự
- Chuỗi thời gian hoặc không gian
Ex: The Titanic was a great ship.
Ex: the Mekong River, the Pacific Ocean, the
Himalayas
Ex: the Philippines, the United States
Ex: You should help the poor.
Ex: Nam is the cleverest in his class.
Ex: The Blacks, The Blues, the Nams
Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet.
Ex: in the morning, in the street, in the water ..
Ex: the first, the second, the third....
Ex: the next, the following, the last...

2. THE không dùng được

- Trước các danh từ số nhiều nói chung Ex: They build houses near the hall.
- Danh từ trừu tượng, không đếm được Ex: Independence is a happy thing.
- Các danh từ chỉ màu sắc Ex: Red and white make pink.
- Các môn học Ex: Math is her worst subject.
- Các vật liệu, kim loại Ex: Steel is made from iron.
- Các tên nước, châu lục, thành phố Ex: Ha Noi is the capital of VietNam.
- Các chức danh, tên người Ex: President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga
- Các bữa ăn, món ăn, thức ăn Ex: We have rice and fish for dinner.
- Các trò chơi, thể thao Ex: Football is a popular sport in VN.
- Các loại bệnh tật Ex: Cold is a common disease.
- Ngôn ngữ, tiếng nói Ex: English is being used everywhere.
- Các kỳ nghi, lễ hội Ex: Tet, Christmas, Valentine...
- Các mũi đất (nhô ra biển, hồ, núi) Ex: Cape Horn, Lake Than Tho, Mount Cam,
Mount Rushmore....
*But: the Cape of Good Hope, the Great Lake, the
Mount of Olive....

Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with a/an or the.

1. Is Washington DC _______capital of the USA?
2. Can you give me _____example of an English-speaking country?
3. The London Eye is _______great attraction in London.
4. Canada is____ very cold country
5. I love _______New Zealand's countryside.
Exercise 2. Put in the where necessary.
1. ________Statue of Liberty is in_______New York.
2. ___________Scotland is a part of _____UK.
3. New Zealand consists of ________North Island and ________South Island.
4. Disneyland in _________ California is one of _________biggest entertainment centres in the world.
5. Bangkok is ________most popular city for tourists in _______Kingdom of Thailand.
Exercise 3. Put in a/ an or the.
Teacher: Dai Chu Quang Trung Secondary School
 THEME 17: ARTICLES (MẠO TỪ)
Country People People
(singular) (plural)
Canada (1) _______Canadian Canadians
The USA (2) ____American Americans
England (3)_____Englishman (4) _______English
New Zealand (5) _______New Zealander New Zealanders
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with a/an or the.
1. The man sitting next to her is__________Englishman.
2. _______River Thames runs through London.
3. Here is _____map of the city of Edinburgh.
4. What is _________most popular sport in Canada?
5. We want to visit ________attraction in Sydney.
6._________Statue of Liberty was a present from France.
Exercise 5. Tick (✓) if the underlined articles are correct. If they aren't, write the correct ones in
the space provided.
1. "What do you call a person from England?" - "The Englishman."______
2. Edinburgh is a capital city of Scotland. _______
3. Queenstown is a amazingly beautiful town. ______
4. Are ancient castles an attraction of Scotland? _______
5. Where can you see a red telephone box? ______
Exercise 6. Complete the sentences with a/an or the.
1. Auckland is _______biggest city on _____North Island of New Zealand.
2. _______castle is _________strong building with thick and high walls.
3. Surrounding _____UK is _________Atlantic Ocean.
4. Hawaii is ________state of_______USA.
5. _________attraction is _________interesting place for visitors.
Exercise 7. Underline and correct the article mistakes in the sentences below.
1. Ottawa is a capital of Canada.
2. He's the Englishman. He lives in Oxford.
3. When people travel, they use an map to find their way round.
4. Can you see a Big Ben from where you are standing?
5. Canadians love ice hockey, the winter sport.
Exercise 8. Find and cross (X) ONE incorrect article in each sentence and write the correct one.
Correct
1. A Roadster is the automatic electric car.
2. What is the meaning of a word 'eco-friendly?
3. A Statue of Liberty is in the USA.
4. The teacher is talking about means of transport in a future
5. Can you give me a example of an electrical appliance?
6. The Maori are a native people of New Zealand.
Exercise 9. Complete each sentence with the correct article a, an, or the.
1. Look at _________ kangaroos. They're hopping on their hind legs.
2. _________ USA is a large country in North America.
3. London has _________ population of about nine million.
4. Her presentation is about _________ attraction in Scotland.
5. Autumn is _________ most beautiful season in my home town.
6. Could you get me _________ map of Melbourne from the Info Centre?

Teacher: Dai Chu Quang Trung Secondary School

 THEME 17: ARTICLES (MẠO TỪ)
Exercise 10. Circle the incorrect underlined part (A, B, or C) in each sentence. Then correct it.
1. An Eskimos live in the northern lands of the USA and Canada.
A B C
2. The Tower of London is the historic castle on the River Thames.
A B C
3. A music is an important part of the Scottish culture.
A B C
4. Canada is the most educated country in a world.
A B C
5. A beautiful coastal road trip and an wine experience are the best memories I have of Australia.
A B C
6. American culture has the large influence on most of the world, especially in the West.
A B C
Exercise 11. Complete each sentence with the correct article a, an, or the.
Dear Linda,
We're having (1) ____ great holiday here! We arrived two days ago, and we're staying in (2) ____ small
hotel in (3) ____ town. We went to see (4) ____ castle in the morning and we visited the beer factory in
(5) ____ afternoon. At (6) ____ moment, we're sitting in (7) ____ old café in the main square. It's really
beautiful! There's (8) ____ old clock in the middle of (9) ____ square. I think we'll spend (10) ____ hour
walking along the river before having dinner. See you soon!
Love,
Mary
Exercise 12. Write a or an. Exercise 13. Write a/ an or the.
1. ............ egg 1. My father is ......... doctor.
2. ............... friend 2. ..............Sun keeps........ Earth warm.
3. ............... sink 3. ............ dolphin is intelligent animal.
4. ................ arm 4. I have ............. orange shirt too.
5. ................ mouth 5. My brother likes blue pen, not......... red one.
6. ................. onion 6. He is ............. robot designer.
7. .................. umbrella 7. In the future, we will live on .......... Moon.
8. ................... classmate 8. I have .......... old toy robots.
9. ........... car over there is mine.
10. ............ Earth goes around ......... Sun.
11. We have _____ cat, _____ dog, and _____ goldfish as pets.
12. ______ Earth is the third planet from ______ Sun.
13. My grandfather is ________ astronaut and my father is _______ pilot.
14. Do you live in _______ house or ________ flat?
15. Do you have _______ umbrella in your car?
16. If I see .......... dog, I will run away.
17. Does your town have ............ at gallery?
18. ................. Moon is bright tonight.
19. There is a big temple in the town............ temple is very old.
20. - Is your mother............. teacher?
- No, she isn't. She's ........... artist.

Exercise 14: Choose the correct answer

1. Viet Nam is (a/ an/ the) multicultural country with 54 ethnic groups.
2. Among the ethnic minorities, (a/ an/ the) Tay have the largest population.
3. (A/ An/ The) ethnic minority people in the village are very friendly.
4. The Lao are one of (a/ an/ the) many Thai-speaking peoples.
5. The Lolo women’s dress is among (a/ an/ the) most striking styles of clothing worn by ethnic peoples.
6. The Yao have (a/ an/ the) rich culture of folk literature and art, with tales, songs, and poems.
Each sentence has an error.
Find and correct it.
1. They travel to a nearest town to go shopping.
2. Some ethnic minority children of this region are studying at the boarding school in a city.

Teacher: Dai Chu Quang Trung Secondary School

 THEME 17: ARTICLES (MẠO TỪ)
3. Although they speak different languages, an ethnic groups in this region live near to one another.
4. In the past, some ethnic groups lived the semi-nomadic life.
5. All an ethnic peoples of Viet Nam have equality in every field.

Fill each blank with an article (a, an, or the) to complete the passage.
If you are tired of your busy and noisy city life, at the weekend you can go to (1)________________ green and
peaceful place with friendly people in the Mekong region. Most of Viet Nam’s rice is grown here. You will have (2)
_________________ opportunity to enjoy the beauty of typical Southern Vietnamese countryside and (3) _________
view of immense rice paddies, coconut plantations and beautiful rivers. (4) ______________ Mekong Delta is also
famous for its fascinating floating markets and fruit orchards where you can taste delicious local fruits especially (5)
_________________ dragon fruit. It will be (6) _________________ special treat for you!
Fill each gap with a, an, or the to complete the passage.
If you are in Ha Noi and you want to have (1)__________ overview of the ethnic groups of Viet Nam, you should
visit the Museum of Ethnology. It is situated in Nguyen Van Huyen Street, Cau Giay District. The Museum is
(2) __________ valuable centre for the exhibition and preservation of the cultural heritage of (3) __________ 54
ethnic groups in the whole country. There are thousands of objects and photographs representing ways of life and
creative activities of these peoples. Moreover, typical houses have been taken from their original sites and rebuilt in
(4) __________ museum gardens. These houses model (5) ______________ traditional architecture of ethnic
minorities. The museum also has a lot of information about all (6) __________ different ethnic peoples in Viet Nam.
Insert a, an or the in each gap to finish the passage.
When you travel to a north-west mountainous region and you want to have (1) ______________ great time, you can
go to (2)______________ local open-air market. (3) ______________ sight there is beautiful. Local people in colourful
clothing are smiling as they sell or buy their local products. The goods there are diverse. You can buy all kinds of
fruit and vegetables, which are fresh and cheap. You can also buy a nice costume of (4) ___________________ ethnic
group you like. If you don’t want to buy anything, just go round and enjoy looking. You can also taste some
specialities of (5) ___________ local people sold right there at the market. I am sure you will have (6)
____________________ unforgettable time.
Complete the text with a/an, the, or zero article (Φ).
The Dominican Republic is (1)______ country on the island of Hispaniola, in (2)______ Caribbean region. It is
(3)______ second largest Caribbean nation after Cuba, with nearly 10 million people, one million of whom live in
(4)______ capital city Santo Domingo. (5)______ second largest city is (6)______ Santiago. The geography of
(7)______ country is varied, and ranges from (8)______ semidesert plains to (9)______ lush valleys of tropical
rainforest. (10)______ economy depends largely on (11)______ agriculture, with (12)______ sugar as (13)______ main
crop. Tourism is (14)______ important industry.
Write answers to the questions, using a, an, the or zero article in each answer. Give three true answers, but
two untrue ones.
1. What colour and type of bicycle would you like to have?
2. Which holiday destination do you prefer: city, mountains, seaside?
3. Where would you like to go on holiday next?
4. What’s your favourite time of the year?
5. Have you ever travelled anywhere by plane? Please explain.
1. The original name of Ha Noi was Phu Xuan. F
2. The most famous Egyptian pyramids are found at Giza in Cairo. T
3. There is a city called Kiev in America. F
4. My Son, a set of ruins from the ancient Cham Empire, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. T
5. English is the first language in many countries outside the United Kingdom.
Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences, using a/an, the or zero article.
Grammar
If there are any problems, you should contact your tour operator.
1. My aunt and uncle love sun! They stay in UK in summer and visit friends in Australia in winter.
→ ______________________________________________.
2. Not much is known about how brain works.
→
______________________________________________.
3. Bicycle is among the most efficient machines invented by man.
→
______________________________________________.
4. They plan to launch expedition into interior of Australia.
→
______________________________________________.
5. If you want to go on long trip, you should prepare properly for it.
Teacher: Dai Chu Quang Trung Secondary School
 THEME 17: ARTICLES (MẠO TỪ)
→
______________________________________________.
6. I’m very interested in the history, especially history of Asian countries.

Teacher: Dai Chu Quang Trung Secondary School