LESSON NOTES

Hana Hana Hangul S1 #14

Hangul Bat-Chim Rules 2:
Aspiration and Nasalization

CONTENTS
2 Vocabulary
2 Sample Sentences
2 Grammar

# 14
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VOCABULARY

Hangul R omanization English C lass

soup, broth, sauce,

국물 gungmul juice noun

독립 dongnip independent Noun

답하다 daphada to answer

심리 simri psychology

압력 apryeok pressure

업무 upmoo work

놓다 nota to place, to put down verb

습니다 seupnida to do

축하 chukha congratulation

낮은 곳 najeungot low place

SAMPLE SENTENCES

멸치를 넣으면 국물이 맛있어요. 그 스태프는 정문 가까이에 새로운 물건들

myeolchi-reul neo-eumyeon gukmul-i masisseoyo. 을 놓았다.
geu seutaepeuneun jeongmun gakkaie saeroun
"If you put in some anchovies, the soup is mulgeondeureul noatda.
delicious."
"The staff placed the new products close to
the main entrance."

책 어디에 놓았어요? 승진 축하해!

chaek eodi-e noasseoyo? seungjin chukhahae!

"Where did you put the book?" "Congratulations on your promotion."

GRAMMAR

KOREANCLAS S 101.COM HANA HANA HANGUL S 1 #14 - HANGUL BAT -CHI M RULES 2: AS PI RAT I ON AND NAS ALI Z AT I ON 2
Lesson 14: Bat-chim Rules, Part 2

7 Batchim Rules

1. Lenition

2. Fortis

3. Aspiration

4. Nasalization

5. Flowing

6. Palatization

7. Special rules with ㅎ

3. Aspiration

•
This rule involves the combination of ㅎ(h) with ㄱ(g), ㄷ(d), or ㅂ(b). Whenever one of
those three consonants collides with ㅎ, it changes into its aspirated version and the
ㅎ goes away.

•
It is similar to the rule lenition, yet ㅎ(h) leave extra sound while ㅇ(o) disappeared.

For example:

Word Romanization Pronunciation Meaning

축하 chukka 축카 "celebration"

놓다 notta 녿타 "to put"

4. Nasalization

* Nasally consonants are ㅇ(o), ㄴ(n), and ㅁ(m). ㅇ(o) is only nasal if it's in the batchim
position.

KOREANCLAS S 101.COM HANA HANA HANGUL S 1 #14 - HANGUL BAT -CHI M RULES 2: AS PI RAT I ON AND NAS ALI Z AT I ON 3
•
When ㄱ(g),ㄷ(d),ㅂ(b) sounds are in the batchim, and followed by a nasal sound,
they will become nasal themselves.

•
ㄱ(g) becomes ㅇ(o), ㄷ(d) becomes ㄴ(n), and ㅂ(b) becomes ㅁ(m)

For example:

Word Romanization Pronunciation Meaning

국물 gungmul 궁물 "broth"

업무 ummu 엄무 "task"

•
When syllables begin with ㄹ(r) with any of these consonants: ㄱ(g), ㄷ(d), ㅂ(b), ㅇ(o),
or ㅁ(m) coming before, the ㄹ(r) changes to a ㄴ(n) sound.

For example:

Word Romanization Pronunciation Meaning

심리 simri 심니 "psychology"

*double change here!

•
First ㄹ(r) is changed to ㄴ(n) as in 독닙(dok-nip). Then now ㄱ(g) is placed right
before ㄴ(n), which is a nasal sound, so ㄱ(g) changes to ㅇ(ng) as in 동닙 (dong-nip).
*See the changes made in 국물 (gungmul) if you are not sure about the second
change.

For example:

Word Romanization Pronunciation Meaning

독립 dokrip 독닙 -> 동닙 "independence"

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