LEARNING MATERIAL 6

PHYSICAL, COGNITIVE, SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL DIMENSIONS IN INFANCY AND

TODDLERHOOD
NAME: MANUEL, GIO ALDRIN O.
COURSE AND SECTION: BCAED 1A

Wrap Up Activity & Assessment

Summarize what you have learned in this lesson by making a GLOSSARY of at least
20 key terms or concepts from the reading part (content inputs) in this learning
material. Submit your output in the site I created in our mVLE titled Learning Material 6
Outputs.

GLOSSARY

Terms Definition

Cephalocaudal trend The personal growth from conception to 5 months when

the head grows more than the body. The cephalocaudal
trend of growth applies to the development of the fetus
also applies in the first months after birth.
Cognitive development It refers to development in the way baby thinks. This
includes his/her language, communication and
exploration skills.
Curling Reflex When the inner sole of a baby’s foot is stroked, the
infant respond by curling his or her toes. When the
outer sole of the baby’s foot is stroked, the infant will
respond by spreading out their toes.
Fine Motor Skills Fine motor skills involve a refined use of the small
muscles controlling the hand, the fingers and thumb.
The development of these skills allows one to be able to
complete tasks such as writing, drawing and buttoning.
Galant Reflex This reflex is shown when an infant’s middle or lower
back is stroked next to the spinal cord. The baby will
respond by curving his or her body toward the side
which is being stroked.
Gripping Reflex Babies will grap anything that is placed in their palm.
The strength of this grip is strong, and most babies can
support their entire weight in their grip.
Gross Motor Skills It is always a source of excitement for parents to witness
dramatic changes in the infant’s first year of life. This
dramatic motor development is shown in babies unable
to even lift their heads to being able to grab things off
the cabinet, to chase the ball and to walk away from
parent.
Holophrases One of the single-word utterances characteristics of the
 children in the early stages of language acquisition, such
as dada or mama.
Infancy The state or period of being an infant; very childhood,
usually the period before being able to walk; early
childhood.
Language Acquisition A metaphorical organ that is responsible for language
Device (LAD) learning. It is preprogrammed to learn language,
whatever the language community children language
community children find themselves in.
Language development The process by which children come to understand and
communicate language during early childhood.
Motor development It refers to the development of a child’s bones, muscles
and ability to move around and touch his\her
surroundings.
Myelination It is the process by which axons in the brain are covered
and insulated by layers of fat cells, begins prenatally and
continues after birth. The process of myelination
increases the speed at which information travels
through the nervous system.
Proximodistal trend It is the pre-natal growth from 5 months to birth when
the fetus grows from the inside of the body outwards
Reflexes It is an involuntary movements or actions. Some
movements are spontaneous and occur as a part of the
baby’s normal activity.
Rooting Reflex This is most evident when an infant’s cheek is stroked.
The baby responds to turning his/her head in the
direction of the touch and opening their mouth for
feeding.
Startle/Moro Reflex Infants will respond to sudden sounds or movements by
throwing their arms and legs out, and throwing their
heads back. Most infants will usually cry when startled
and proceed to pull their limbs back into their bodies.
Sucking Reflex This is initiated when something touches the roof of the
infant’s mouth. Infant’s have a strong sucking reflex
which helps to ensure they can latch onto a bottle or
breast. The sucking reflex is very strong in some infants
and they may need to suck on a pacifier for comfort.
Telegraphic Speech These two words or three words utterances with
rudimentary syntax but with articles and preposition
missing.
Tonic Neck Reflex This reflex is demonstrated in infants who are placed on
their abdomens. Whichever the child’s head is facing,
the limbs on that side will straighten, while the opposite
limbs will curl.