UNIT 7:

EDUCATION OPTIONS FOR SCHOOL-LEAVERS

I. VOCABULARY
ST TỪ VỰNG PHIÊN ÂM TỪ NGHĨA
T LOẠI
1 Education fair /ˌedʒ.əˈkeɪ.ʃən fer/ np hội chợ giáo dục
2 Option Optional /'ɑ:pʃən/ /'ɑ:p.ʃən.əl/ n sự lựa chọn, tùy chọn tuỳ ý, tùy
adj chọn

3 Entrance exam /'en.trəns ɪgˌzæm/ np kỳ thi tuyển sinh

4 Academic /ækə'demik/ adj hàn lâm
Academy /ə'kædəmi/ n học viện
Academics /ˌæk.ə'dem.ɪks/ n các môn học ở trung học hoặc đại
học
Academician /əˌkæd.əˈmɪʃ.ən/ n học viên
5 Vocational school /voʊˈkeɪ.ʃən.əl ˌskuːl/ np trường dạy nghề
6 Mechanic /mə'kæn.ɪk/ n thợ máy, công nhân cơ khí
7 Sensible /'sen.sə.bəl/ adj có đầu óc xét đoán, khôn ngoan
Sensitive /ˈsen.sə.t̬ ɪv/ adj nhạy cảm
Senseless /'sens.ləs/ adj ngu dại, không hợp lý
Sense /sens/ n giác quan, cảm giác, ý thức
8 Representative /ˌrep.rɪˈzen.t̬ ə.t̬ ɪv/ n người đại diện
9 School-leaver /ˌskuːlˈliː.vɚ/ n người vừa học xong, người mới ra
trường
10 Higher education /ˌhaɪ.ɚ ed.jʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/ np giáo dục đại học
11 Qualification /ˌkwɑː.lə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n bằng cấp, năng lực; chuyên môn
Qualify /'kwɑː.lə.faɪ/ v đủ tiêu chuẩn, có đủ điều kiện
Qualified /'kwɑː.lə.faɪd/ adj đủ tiêu chuẩn, đủ trình độ
12 Graduation /ˌɡrædʒ.uˈeɪ.ʃən/ n sự tốt nghiệp
Graduate /'grædʒ.u.ət/ v/n tốt nghiệp/sinh viên tốt nghiệp
13 Specific /spə'sifik/ adj rõ ràng, cụ thể
14 Official /ə'fiʃəl/ adj chính thức
15 Record /rɪ'kɔ:rd/ n thành tích, kỷ lục, sự ghi lại
16 Pursue /pɚ'su:/ v theo đuổi
17 Education /ˌedʒ.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/ n sự giáo dục
Educational /ˌedʒ.əˈkeɪ.ʃən.əl/ adj thuộc giáo dục
 Educated /ˈedʒ.ə.keɪ.t̬ ɪd/ adj được đào tạo, có học thức
Educative /ˈedʒ.ə.keɪ.t̬ ɪv/ adj mang tính giáo dục
Educator /ˈedʒ.ə.keɪ.t̬ ɚ/ n giáo viên, giảng viên
Educate /ˈedʒ.ə.keɪt/ v giáo dục, dạy học
18 Expert /ˈek.spɝːt/ n/adj chuyên gia/về mặt chuyên môn
19 Formal /'fɔ:r.məl/ adj chính thức; chính thống, trang
Informal /ɪn'fɔ:r.məl/ adj trọng
không chính thống
20 Degree /dɪ'gri:/ n bằng cấp
21 Independently /ˌɪn.dɪˈpen.dənt.li/ adv một cách độc lập
22 Job market /dʒɑ:b 'ma:r.kɪt/ np thị trường việc làm
23 Apprenticeship /əˈpren.t̬ ɪs.ʃɪp/ n quá trình/thời gian học việc
Apprentice /əˈpren.t̬ ɪs/ n người học việc
24 Hands-on /ˌhænd'za:n/ adj thực tế, thực tiễn
25 Experience /ɪk'spɪr.i.əns/ n kinh nghiệm, sự từng trải
26 Wage /weɪdʒ/ n tiền công
Salary /ˈsæl.ɚ.i/ n tiền lương
27 Cover /'kʌv.ɚ/ v trang trải; bao phủ, bao trùm
28 Living cost /'lɪvɪŋ ˌkɑ:st/ np sinh hoạt phí
29 Institution /ˌɪn.stə'tu:.ʃən/ n cơ quan; trụ sở cơ quan, tổ chức,
thể chế
30 Educational journey /ˌedʒ.əˈkeɪ.ʃən.əl np hành trình giáo dục
ˈdʒɝː.ni/
31 Critical thinking skill /ˌkrɪt̬ .ɪ.kəl ˈθɪŋ.kɪŋ skɪl/ np kỹ năng tư duy phản biện
32 Professional /prə'feʃ.ən.əl/ adj chuyên nghiệp
33 Brochure /broʊˈʃʊr/ n tờ rơi quảng cáo
34 Formal education /'fɔ:r.məl ˌedʒ.ə np giáo dục chính quy
ˈkeɪ.ʃən/
35 Alternatively /ɑːlˈtɝː.nə.t̬ ɪv.li/ adv ngoài ra
36 Bachelor's degree /ˌbætʃ.əl.ɚz dɪˈɡriː/ np bằng cử nhân
37 Master's degree /ˌmæs.tɚz dɪˈɡriː/ np bằng thạc sĩ
38 Doctorate /ˈdɑːk.tɚ.ət/ n bằng tiến sĩ

II. STRUCTURES
STT CẤU TRÚC NGHĨA
 1 Make a decision đưa ra quyết định
2 Be glad to do sth rất vui khi làm điều gì
3 Get into university đậu vào đại học
4 Hope to do sth hy vọng làm gì đó
5 Follow one's dream theo đuổi ước mơ
6 Regret doing sth hối hận vì đã làm gì
Regret to do sth rất tiếc khi phải làm gì
7 Make sb + adj làm cho ai đó thế nào
Make sb do sth khiến cho ai đó làm gì
8 Be proud of sb/sth tự hào về ai/điều gì
9 Help sb (to) do sth giúp ai đó làm điều gì
10 Choose to do sth chọn làm điều gì
11 Ask about sth hỏi về điều gì đó
Ask for sth yêu cầu điều gì đó
12 Make friends kết bạn
13 Manage to do sth xoay xở để làm điều gì
14 Have/gain an advantage over sb có lợi thế hơn ai đó
15 When it comes to sth khi nói đến điều gì
16 Succeed in doing sth thành công trong việc làm gì
17 Make an appointment to do sth đặt lịch hẹn để làm gì
18 Focus on tập trung vào
19 Prefer to do sth/doing sth thích làm gì hơn
20 At least ít nhất
21 In order to/so as to + V (bare) để làm điều gì
22 Do training tập luyện, đào tạo

III. GRAMMAR (Perfect gerunds and perfect participle clause)

1. Perfect gerunds (danh động từ hoàn thành)
- Danh động từ hoàn thành có dạng HAVING VP2
- Danh động từ hoàn thành luôn đề cập đến thời gian trước thời điểm đó của động từ trong mệnh đề
chính. Nó được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh rằng hành động đã được hoàn thành trong quá khứ.
- Nó có thể được sử dụng như:
+ Chủ ngữ của câu
Ví dụ: Having won many maths competitions helped me win this scholarship.
(Chiến thắng trong nhiều cuộc thi toán học đã giúp tôi giành được học bổng này.)
 + Tân ngữ sau một số động từ (admit, deny, forget, remember, mention, regret, etc.) hoặc sau
giới từ
Ví dụ: He admitted having skipped the important meeting to attend a personal event.
(Anh ta thừa nhận đã bỏ qua cuộc họp quan trọng đó để tham gia một sự kiện cá nhân.)
The team is proud of having won the championship for the third consecutive year.
(Đội tự hào vì đã giành chức vô địch năm thứ ba liên tiếp.)
2. Perfect participle clause (Mệnh đề phân từ hoàn thành)
- Phân từ hoàn thành có dạng giống như danh động từ hoàn thành: HAVING + VP2
- Chúng ta có thể sử dụng mệnh đề phân từ hoàn thành để:
+ Miêu tả một hành động xảy ra trước hành động trong mệnh đề chính
Ví dụ: Having completed my assignments, I rewarded myself with a movie night.
(Sau khi hoàn thành nhiệm vụ, tôi tự thưởng cho mình một đêm xem phim.)
+ Nói về lí do cho hành động trong mệnh đề chính
Ví dụ: Having traveled to many countries, they became seasoned adventurers.
(Đã đi đến nhiều quốc gia, họ trở thành những nhà thám hiểm dày dạn kinh nghiệm.)

IV. PRACTICE EXERCISES

A. PHONETICS
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. event B. exam C. edit D. enhance
2. A. sensible B. business C. person D. institute
3. A. trade B. date C. place D. map
4. A. check B. chef C. brochure D. schedule
5. A. real B. ready C. threat D. head
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
1. A. subject B. degree C. market D. expert
2. A. vocation B. addition C. graduate D. advantage
3. A. different B. specific C. dependent D. convenient
4. A. discussion B. appointment C. duration D. bachelor
5. A. qualification B. university C. educational D. representative

B. VOCABULARY
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following sentences.
1. I want to become a restaurant cook, so I'm looking for a professional cooking course.
A. checked B. trained C. accepted D. connected
2. We can learn a lot about a particular school from its school’s brochure which has a lot of
information.
A. information handbook B. notebook
C. diary D. dictionary
3. My mother is an expert at making cakes. She usually sells her cakes to famous restaurants.
A. learner B. teacher C. master D. trainer
4. Some students pursue their passions in music or art instead of other academic subjects.
A. follow B. try C. fulfill D. last
5. They will participate in workshops and get hands-on experience leading classes.
A. sensible B. formal C. official D. practical
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following sentences.
1. Many students go on to higher education after receiving their vocational qualifications.
A. choose B. stop C. maintain D. continue
2. During vocational education, students learn specific skills for their careers.
A. common B. special C. detailed D. particular
3. Learning from skilled people is the best way of training because no teacher tells you what exactly
happens when you work.
A. experienced B. sensible C. inexperienced D. creative
4. Educational opportunities are available to young people. If they don’t want to study academic
subjects, they can get a career education.
A. convenient B. limited C. accessible D. usable
5. They just want to have a job immediately after they graduate from university.
A. urgently B. instantly C. shortly D. later
Give the correct forms of words in brackets.
1. University students love their opportunity to live (DEPENDENT) ________ and join different
clubs.
2. They can get into university if they earn high grades or pass the university (ENTER) ________
exam.
3. Having won several biology (COMPETE) ________ , I want to study biology and become a
scientist.
4. (VOCATION) ________ schools are those who want to develop skills for particular jobs.
5. He didn't get the job he wanted because he didn’t have the right (QUALIFY) ________ .
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences.
1. Having his father work very hard for many years helped Nam make his ________.
A. decide B. decision C. decisive D. decisively
2. It’s not hard for students to ________ university nowadays.
A. focus on B. ask for C. succeed in D. get into
3. She is a ________ because she just left school.
A. graduate B. school-leaver C. doctorate D. educator
4. We've talked to ________ experts about what young people should do after leaving school.
A. educate B. education C. educational D. educator
5. He received many letters from secondary school students asking ________ the different options for
school-leavers.
A. for B. about C. to D. from
6. ________ is really for people who want formal learning to get an academic degree.
A. Distance education B. Continuing education
C. Service education D. Higher education
7. Vocational education will help you ________ the practical skills and knowledge necessary for a
specific job.
A. take B. catch C. gain D. keep
8. After getting their vocational qualifications, ________ can immediately start work and earn a salary.
A. graduates B. school-leavers C. teachers D. professors
9. Apprenticeship provides students with ________ experience and gives them wages to cover their
living costs.
A. hands-off B. hands-free C. hands-on D. hands-down
10. He ________ getting one of the most prestigious companies’ scholarships.
A. focused on B. succeeded in C. asked about D. asked for
11. Students can get a ________ related to an academic subject at college or university.
A. certificate B. credit C. degree D. qualification
12. ________ is a period of time working for and learning from a skilled person.
A. Apprenticeship B. Probation C. Undergraduate D. Postgraduate
13. He has worked as a visiting lecturer for various educational ________.
A. institutions B. secondary schools C universities D. primary schools
14. In England students must stay in ________ education or do a training course until the age of 18.
A. sixth-form B. apprentice C. full-time D. part-time
15. Exams are taken at the end of the two-year course and the grades are used to ________ university
courses.
A. apply for B. get into C. refer to D. go on
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions.
1. In the UK students usually focus ________ three or four subjects they are interested in or related to
the degree they want to study at university.
2. Nowadays there are educational opportunities available ________ all school-leavers.
3. At vocational schools, the students can do apprenticeship and get experience ________ the job.
4. Students with IELTS certificates have an advantage ________ students having no English
certificates.
5. He was proud ________ having won first place in the competition.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
1. Some students prefer getting into vocational courses or find a job after leaving school.
A B C D
2. Having qualifications from good educator institutions helps young people find jobs
A B C
easily after graduation.
D
3. You can earn an academy degree at higher education institutions.
A B C D
4. Students have to study for at least three years in order to getting a bachelor’s degree.
A B C D
5. I'm writing to ask about more information about the entrance exam.
A B C D

C. GRAMMAR
Decide whether the underlined parts are perfect gerund (PG) or perfect participle (PP).
1. Having won the championship, the team celebrated their victory.
2. I remember having visited that museum when I was a child.
3. The students admitted having copied portions of their assignments from the internet.
4. We are proud of having built a successful business from scratch.
5. We congratulated Sarah on having been promoted to the position of manager.
6. Having completed his degree gave John more confidence to enter the workforce.
7. Not having read the book, he can’t give us his opinion.
8. He apologized for having arrived late to the important presentation.
9. Having learned to play the guitar, he entertained the crowd with his music.
10. Not having studied hard enough, I failed the entrance exam.
Rewrite these sentences using perfect gerunds or perfect participle clauses.
11. After I had prepared well for my final exam, I felt fairly confident about my success.
→ Having prepared well for my final exam helped_________________________________________.
12. "You have cheated on the exam,” said the teacher.
→ The teacher accused the students of___________________________________________________.
13. "No, I have never seen the confidential document on my coworker’s desk," said he.
→ He denied_______________________________________________________________________.
14. Sarah had studied diligently, so she felt confident about her upcoming exam.
→ Having studied diligently,___________________________________________________________.
15. They saved enough money, and then they planned an exciting vacation abroad.
→ Having__________________________________________________________________________.

D. SPEAKING
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
1. Jane is talking to Sue about the exam.
Sue: Will you be available on Saturday? We’ll talk more about it.
Jane: ________
A. All right. I'll see you then. B. Sorry. I forgot to make an appointment.
C. That suits you. D. Is it convenient for you?
2. Sue is asking Jane.
Sue: Could I meet you on Thursday morning? I would like your advice on how to prepare for
apprenticeship next month.
Jane: ________
A. It’s OK for me to do some training.
B. Apprenticeship is good for your future job.
C. I'm fine if you want to go around.
D. Sorry. I have another appointment at that time. I'm free in the afternoon.
3. Jane and Sue are talking to each other.
Jane: What time can I come to see you tomorrow?
Sue: ________
A. Would you mind if I leave now? B. Would 9 o’clock suit you?
C. I think it will be fine. D. Do you get there by car?
4. Jane is talking to Jack.
Jack: I want to go shopping with you. When’s convenient for you?
Jane: ________
A. OK. I'll go and see you. B. You’ve got an appointment with me.
C. I'm free tomorrow morning. D. I couldn’t make it at that time.
5. Rose is talking to Jane.
Rose: I’d like to arrange an appointment with you tonight.
Jane: ________
A. That sounds great. B. I want some more time.
C. That doesn’t mean to me. D. Are you free then?

E. READING
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from Ito 10.
A school-leaver (1) ________ to an individual who has recently completed their secondary
education and is transitioning (2) ________ the next phase of their academic or professional journey. It
is a significant milestone in their lives, as they (3) ________ farewell to their school years and embark
on a new chapter. School-leavers face a myriad of options and decisions, (4) ________ from pursuing
higher education to vocational training or entering the workforce directly. This period marks a crucial
time for self-reflection and exploration, [5] ________ they discover their passions, interests, and
strengths while considering the future pathways available to them.
For many school-leavers, the decision to continue their education at a college or university is a (6)
________ choice. Higher education provides an opportunity to specialize in a specific field of study
and gain in-depth knowledge and skills. It opens (7) ________ to a wide range of career opportunities
and equips individuals with critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills essential for
success in today’s competitive world. Alternatively, some school-leavers may opt (8) ________
vocational training or apprenticeships, seeking hands-on experience and practical skills (9) ________
directly apply to specific industries or trades. This (10) ________ offers a more focused and efficient
route to employment, allowing individuals to acquire specialized skills and enter the workforce sooner.
(Adapted from www.chronicle.com)
1. A. refers B. prefers C. applies D. turns
2. A. at B. with C. into D. for
3. A. buy B. bid C. abide D. talk
4. A. range B. ranged C. ranging D. to range
5. A. for B. as C. after D. but
6. A. popularity B. popularized C. popular D. popularly
7. A. windows B. routes C. doorway D. doors
8. A. for B. out C. in D. at
9. A. who B. when C. where D. that
10. A. doorway B. route C. pathway D. track
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each
of the questions from 11 to 17.
When it comes to education options for school-leavers, there are several paths to consider. One
common option is pursuing higher education at a university or college. This path typically involves
obtaining a bachelor’s degree in a chosen field of study, which can provide a solid foundation for
various career opportunities. Universities and colleges offer a wide range of academic programs,
allowing school-leavers to explore their interests and specialize in areas that align with their career
aspirations.
Another option for school-leavers is vocational education and training (VET) programs. VET
emphasizes providing practical skills and knowledge that directly apply to specific industries or
trades. These programs offer hands-on training, preparing individuals for careers in fields such as
healthcare, information technology, construction, hospitality, and automotive industries. VET
programs often include apprenticeships or internships, allowing students to gain valuable work
experience while studying.
For those who prefer a more experiential approach, apprenticeships can be a valuable education
option. Apprenticeships combine on-the-job training with classroom instruction, allowing school-
leavers to earn while they learn. They provide a unique opportunity to gain practical skills and
industry-specific knowledge directly from professionals in the field. Apprenticeships are available in a
variety of industries, such as construction, culinary arts, electrical work, and healthcare.
Ultimately, the choice of education option for school-leavers depends on individual interests,
goals, and learning preferences. Whether it’s pursuing higher education at a university, enrolling in a
vocational program, or embarking on an apprenticeship, each path offers distinct advantages and can
lead to rewarding career paths. It's important for school-leavers to explore and evaluate these options
carefully to make an informed decision that aligns with their aspirations and sets them on a path to
success.
(Adapted from Education Week)
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Exploring Various Education Options for School-Leavers
B. Navigating Pathways after School: Education Options for Postgraduate
C. Making Informed Decisions: How to Choose the Right Education Path for School-Leavers
D. Mapping Future Careers: Exploring Opportunities for School-Leavers
12. According to the passage, the common path after leaving school for students is ________ .
A. tertiary education B. VET programs C. apprenticeship D. internship
13. The word "align with” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________ .
A. come up with B. deal with C. go with D. match with
14. The word "emphasize" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________ .
A. understate B. highlight C. strengthen D. italicize
15. The word "them" in the last paragraph refers to ________ .
A. aspirations B. options C. school-leavers D. decisions
16. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Pursuing higher education at a university or college typically involves obtaining a bachelor’s
degree.
B. Vocational education and training (VET) programs focus on providing practical skills and
knowledge for specific industries or trades.
C. Apprenticeships do not offer any classroom instruction and are solely based on on-the-job
training.
D. School-leavers have the opportunity to specialize in areas aligned with their career aspirations
through university or college education.
17. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. Apprenticeships provide a more practical learning experience compared to higher education.
B. Vocational education and training (VET) programs are more beneficial for school-leavers than
pursuing a university degree.
C. School-leavers should prioritize earning potential when choosing an education option.
D. Considering individual interests and career aspirations when choosing an education option for
school-leavers is important.

UNIT 7:15-MINUTE TEST

I. Rewrite the sentences using Perfect Participle Clauses or Perfect Gerunds.
1. She didn’t get up early and then she got to school late.
→ ________________________________________________________________________________.
2. After Jack had sent the CV online, he realized that he had forgotten to fill in his phone number.
→ ________________________________________________________________________________.
3. I had not prepared well for the presentation, so I didn’t get a good mark on it.
→ ________________________________________________________________________________.
4. After he bought a new book, he read it anywhere and anytime.
→ ________________________________________________________________________________.
5. He didn’t remember that he had met her at his teacher’s house.
→ ________________________________________________________________________________.
6. They regretted that they hadn’t known about that math teacher earlier.
→ ________________________________________________________________________________.

II. Give the correct form of words in brackets.

7. Vocational education is often referred to as career education or (TECHNIQUE) ________
education.
8. I would like your (ADVISE) ________ on how to prepare for my university entrance exam next
year.
9. College or university students usually have an (ADVANTAGEOUS) ________ over students from
vocational schools.
10. (EDUCATE) ________ managed to find new teaching methods for those who never attended
school.

UNIT 7: 45-MINUTE TEST

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. entrance B. enter C. encourage D. ending
2. A. won B. shop C. become D. brother
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
3. A. option B. student C. event D. knowledge
4. A. university B. representative C. educational D. particularly
5. A. specific B. scientist C. official D. vocation
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following sentences.
6. In order to resolve the issue, we need to identify the specific root cause of the problem.
A. particular B. common C. general D. different
7. What makes you think you are qualified for this job? Did you take the course for that major at
university?
A. equipped B. capable C. suitable D. proficient
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following sentences.
8. He succeeded in achieving the scholarship of that company. He could be an official staff member
after the course.
A. managed B. failed C. tried D. covered
9. After graduation, the students can immediately find a job without waiting for the qualification.
A. later B. alternatively C. shortly D. urgently
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following sentences.
10. Many parents would like their children to pursue ________ at universities after leaving school.
A. graduation ceremony B. higher education
C. vocational education D. education fair
11. ________ his school year, he started to find a part-time job.
A. Finish B. To finish C. Having finished D. Finished
12. To be considered for this position, applicants must possess the necessary ________ and
experience.
A. qualifications B. degrees C. certificates D. credits
13. Many young people find it hard to get a good job after ________.
A. graduate B. graduated C. to graduate D. graduation
14. ________ about the job advertisement earlier, I missed the deadline for applying for it.
A. Having known B. Not having known C. Known D. Know
15. Higher education is really for people who want formal learning in order to get an ________ degree.
A. academic B. academy C. academician D. academia
16. If you are good at certain subjects and need a degree ________ those subjects, the university is the
right choice for you.
A. focused on B. relied on C. related to D. based on
17. I would like to thank my teacher for ________ me to pursue my passion for writing.
A. being inspired B. inspire C. to inspire D. having inspired
18. Besides studying, university students have a chance to live ________.
A. dependent B. independently C. independent D. dependence
19. University students have broader career ________ and an advantage in the job market.
A. options B. experiences C. decisions D. application
20. ________ answering questions a lot made me feel confident in the interview.
A. To practise B. To have practise C. Having practised D. Practised
21. Vocational schools may offer students an ________ in which they may have hands-on experience.
A. probation B. apprenticeship C. training D. challenge
22. There are a lot of ________ opportunities for school-leavers today.
A. education B. educate C. educator D. educational
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following questions.
23. He was proud of had won the first place in the English Speaking Contest.
A B C D
24. Vocation training is usually much shorter than a college or university course.
A B C D
25. Failed the university entrance exams, he decided to train to become a car mechanic.
A B C D

READING
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 26 to 30.
Vocational training in Vietnam plays a vital role in preparing individuals for specific careers and
industries. The country recognizes the importance of practical skills and knowledge in the workforce,
and vocational training programs provide hands-on training (26) ________ directly applies to various
sectors. In Vietnam, vocational training encompasses a wide range of fields, (27) ________
hospitality, manufacturing, information technology, construction, and healthcare. These programs offer
practical training, often incorporating apprenticeships or internships, allowing students to gain
valuable work experience (28) ________ acquiring industry-specific skills. Vocational training in
Vietnam aims to enhance (29) ________ and provide individuals with the necessary tools to succeed in
their chosen fields, (30) ________ to the overall growth and development of the nation's workforce.
(Adapted from VNexpress)
26. A. where B. that C. who D. when
27. A. including B. consisting C. comprising D. containing
28. A. while B. meanwhile C. despite D. due to
29. A. employee B. employment C. employer D. employability
30. A. contributed B. dedicated C. contributing D. dedicating
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each
of the questions from 31 to 35.
One option for school leavers is to pursue vocational education and training (VET) programs.
VET offers practical and skill-based training that prepares individuals for specific careers or industries.
These programs provide hands-on experience and often lead to recognized qualifications or
certifications.
By choosing VET, school-leavers will have the opportunity to gain valuable skills and knowledge
that are directly applicable to the workforce. They can learn practical trades such as plumbing,
carpentry, or automotive mechanics, or specialize in areas like hospitality, healthcare, or information
technology. VET programs focus on building practical skills, problem-solving abilities, and industry-
specific knowledge, making graduates highly employable in their chosen fields.
Another advantage of VET programs is the flexibility they offer. Many VET courses are available
at different levels, from certificates to diplomas, allowing school-leavers to choose a program that suits
their interests and career goals. Furthermore, VET programs often incorporate work placements or
internships, providing students with real-world experience and networking opportunities within their
chosen industry.
 Choosing VET as an option after finishing school can be a conducive pathway for those who
prefer a more hands-on and practical approach to learning. It offers a direct route to acquiring specific
skills, increasing employability, and opening doors to various career opportunities. Whether someone
wants to enter the workforce immediately or pursue further education in the future, VET can provide a
solid foundation for success.
(Adapted from The Washington Post)
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Explaining Why Many Students Leave Their School
B. Exploring Career Pathways through Vocational Education and Training
C. Enhancing Employability with Vocational Education and Training
D. Exploring a Potential Option for School-Leavers
32. According to paragraph 1, what does VET offer?
A. training based on general knowledge
B. training based on elementary knowledge
C. training based on experience and skills
D. training based on practical professional experience
33. The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to ________ .
A. knowledge B. school-leavers C. the workforce D. valuable skills
34. The word "conducive" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________ .
A. favourable B. instrumental C. convenient D. opportune
35. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. VET programs offer practical and skill-based training.
B. VET programs focus on building problem-solving abilities.
C. VET programs do not provide any recognized qualifications or certifications.
D. VET programs offer flexibility with various course levels to choose from.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following
exchanges.
36. Jack is asking Jane.
Jack: Will you be available on Sunday?
Jane: ________
A. Alright. I know you like it. B. Yes. Let’s meet that day.
C. Ok, I’ll show you. D. OK, I'll be ready.
37. Jack is asking Jane.
Jack: I want you to help me find some information about the English course right now.
Peter: ________
A. I’m afraid I can’t make it at the right time. B. You should follow me at that time.
C. All right, I'll see you then. D. Sorry, I was busy.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
38. After they did the paperwork, they took the oral test.
A. Having done the paperwork, they took the oral test.
B. Done the paperwork, they took the oral test.
C. Doing the paperwork, they took the oral test.
D. They did the paperwork, having taken the oral test.
39. He regretted that he hadn’t chosen that course at university.
A. He regretted having chosen that course at university.
B. He regretted having choose that course at university.
C. He regretted chosen that course at university.
D. He regretted not having chosen that course at university.
40. My friends found companies for apprenticeships, and then they started to complete the CV for
application.
A. Having found companies for apprenticeships, my friends started to complete the CV for
application.
B. Found companies for apprenticeships, my friends started to complete the CV for application.
C. To find companies for apprenticeships, my friends started to complete the CV for application.
D. My friends found companies for apprenticeships, having started to complete the CV for
application.