CHAPTER THREE

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

Methodology involves steps adopted by a researcher in the generation of required data for the

purpose of a research work, and the employed in the analysis and interpretation of the obtained

data respectively.

3.2 TYPES AND SOURCES OF DATA USED

The data for this study were primary data and Secondary data. The primary data involves the use

of structured questionnaire to gather information from the respondents. The questionnaire

designed is aimed at addressing certain questions raised from the research work. The first section

of the questionnaire contains the demographic information, while other section is aimed at

providing answers to earlier formulated questions, to enable the researcher do necessary

hypotheses testing. The secondary data consist of relevant information from journals, articles, research

reports from government agencies and Parastatals.

3.2 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

The sample size for the field survey was 400 respondents; systematic random sampling

technique was used. First twenty streets were carefully chosen in the study area and houses were

randomly chosen starting from the second house on each street. Thereafter one resident per

house was chosen till the whole four hundred (400) respondents were sampled. Statistical

sampling is an important research tool for a number of disciplines, because it allows people to

learn more about a population without studying every single individual in the population. For the

purpose of this type of research that involve selected few people, their opinion was sort through

the use of questionnaire. The sample population that was used for this study

comprised……………………..
This sample size was arrived at using the Yamane’s formula below:

N
n= 2
1+ N (e)

Where:

n = sample size

N = Total Population (292,665)

e = Level of Significance (0.05)2

3.3 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTATION AND ADMINISTRATION

Research instruments are tools used in obtaining, gathering, measuring or assessing information.

The critical research instrument which was used for this study is questionnaire, which was

distributed to the sample population, aimed at generating information from them based on the

research objective. The questionnaires were designed into 2 sections, A, and B. Section “A” of

the questionnaire focused on the demographic information of the respondents, such as the

Gender of respondents, Age, marital status, qualifications, occupation, marital status, monthly

income and size of household. Meanwhile section B focused on other related issues centered on

the research question.

3.4 TECHNIQUES OF DATA ANALYSIS

The data retrieved was sorted out to identify poorly filled ones that might constitute problem

during analysis. The data analysis was based on the questionnaire computed for the research

work, as the research questions was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences

(SPSS) computing software. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were utilized in
the study. The generated frequencies of the answered questions from the respondents were

presented in simple percentages in a tabular form for easy interpretation.

3.5 LIMITATION OF THE RESEARCH

One of the major limitations of most researchers that embark on a research work of this

magnitude is usually monetary and access to resources materials. At the first stage of this

research, access to secondary materials such as journals, publications etc. was a major challenge,

because the right materials that suites the research has to be sourced and scrutinized, in order to

make use of the best

available materials, another challenge was converging the materials for the work. Getting the

attention of the sample population was another challenge, access to the population of the study is

another.