RESULTS FROM GEOMETRY

Triangle Circle
Area
21 bh h Area
πr 2 r
Circumference
2πr
b

Trapezoid a Parallelogram
Area
2h (a  b) h Area
bh h

b b

Rectangular Box Sphere

r
Volume
lwh h l Volume
43 πr 3
Surface area
2wh  2lh  2wl w Surface area
4πr 2

Right Circular Cylinder Right Circular Cone

Volume
πr 2h h Volume
13 πr 2h h
Lateral surface area
2πrh r r 2  h2
Lateral surface area
πr œ„„„„„„ r

• The sum of the angles in a triangle is 180°.
• Two sides of a triangle are equal if and only if the
angles opposite those sides are equal.
• In a 30°-60° right triangle, the length of the side
opposite the 30° angle is half the length of the
hypotenuse.
THE PYTHAGOREAN THEOREM: In a right triangle,
the square of the length of the hypotenuse equals the sum
of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides.
HERON’S FORMULA: If a, b, and c are the lengths of the
sides of a triangle, then the area of the triangle is
THEOREMS FOR PROVING THAT
TWO TRIANGLES ARE CONGRUENT:
1. If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are
equal respectively to two sides and the included angle
of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
2. If two angles and the included side of one triangle are
equal respectively to two angles and the included side
of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
3. If the three sides of one triangle are equal respectively
to the three sides of another triangle, then the triangles
are congruent.
THEOREMS FOR PROVING THAT

1s1s  a2 1s  b2 1s  c2
TWO TRIANGLES ARE SIMILAR:
1. If two angles of one triangle are equal respectively to
where two angles of another triangle, then the triangles are
s
12 1a  b  c2 similar.
2. If the corresponding sides of two triangles are propor-
tional, then the triangles are similar.
GRAPHS

y y y

slo
pe
m
r
(x 1, y1)

(h, k)
x x x
a a

y-y1=m(x-x1) (x-h)2+(y-k)2=r 2 a 2-x 2

y=œ„„„„„„

y y y

x x

y=|x| y=x 2 y=x 3

y y y

x x

1
y=œ„
x y= x y=[ x ]

y y=ex
y y
(0, b)
y=ln x
(0, 1) b (_a, 0) (a, 0)
x x x
(1, 0) a

(0, _b)

x2 y2 x2 y2
y=´ and y=ln x + =1 - =1
a2 b2 a2 b2