NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week 2
CHAPTER 1: NURSING AS A PROFESSION
Mr. Andre de Veyra | March 24, 2022
OUTLINE:
I. DEFINITION OF A PROFESSION
II. ELEMENTS OF A PROFESSION
III. CRITERIA OF A PROFESSION
IV. DEFINITION OF A PROFESSIONAL NURSE
V. MEANING OF A PROFESSIONAL NURSE
VI. QUALIFICATIONS AND ABILITIES OF A
PROFESSIONAL NURSE
VII. BASIC EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM IN NURSING
VIII. REFERENCES
LEGEND:
Black for PowerPoint, red for audio lecture, blue for book
DEFINITION OF A PROFESSION
• “An occupation or calling requiring advanced training
and experience in some specific or specialized body
of knowledge which provides service to society in
that special field.” – Webster’s Dictionary
• Nursing is an occupation requiring a unique body of
knowledge and skills and which serves society.
ELEMENTS OF A PROFESSION
• Education
o You could not become a proper professional or
join a profession if you did not receive proper
education.
• Nursing Science
o A specialized body of knowledge
o We base our practice in theories and principles.
• Service
o Rendering service to the society
CRITERIA OF A PROFESSION
• Following are the criteria of a profession according
to William Shepard:
1. A profession must satisfy an indispensable
social need and must be based upon well
established and socially accepted scientific
principles.
2. It must demand adequate pre-professional and
cultural training.
3. It must demand the possession of a body of
specialized and systematized training.
4. It must give evidence of needed skills which the
public does not possess; that is, skills which are
partly inherent and partly acquired.
5. It must have developed a scientific technique
which is the result of tested experience.
6. It must require the exercise of discretion and
judgement as to time and manner of the
performance of duty. This is in contrast to the
kind of work which is subject to standardization
in terms of unit performance or time element.
7. It must have a group of consciousness designed
to extend scientific knowledge in technical
language.
8. It must have sufficient self-impelling power to
retain its members throughout life. It must not be
used as a mere stepping stone to other
occupations.
RELLIN-RODRIGUEZ
9. It must recognize its obligations to society by
insisting that its members live up to an
established code of ethics.
• Other criteria of a Profession
o Autonomy
▪ no other profession can dictate you.
▪ There is a dependent nursing intervention
in nursing that requires a doctor's order.
But when it comes to decision-making, the
nurse has to do it, so it's independent.
o Code of Ethics
▪ It must have sufficient self-impelling power
to retain its members throughout life.
o Educational Training
o Nursing Science
o Service to Society
o Caring
▪ One characteristic of nursing as a
profession which is not found in any other
profession.
• Flexner and other authors herein cited, describe the
qualities of a profession as follows:
1. A profession applies its body of knowledge in
practical services that are vital to human welfare,
and especially suited to the tradition of seasoned
practitioners shaping the skills of newcomers to
the role.
2. It constantly enlarges the body of knowledge it
uses and subsequently imposes on its members
a lifelong obligation to remain current in order to
“do no harm.”
3. A profession functions autonomously (with
authority) in the formulation of professional
policy and in monitoring its practice and
practitioners.
4. It utilizes in its practice a well-defined and well-
organized body of knowledge that is intellectual
in nature and describes its phenomena of
concern.
5. A profession has a clear standard of educational
preparation for entry into practice.
6. A profession is distinguished by the presence of
specific culture, norms, and other values that are
common among its members.
• Genevieve K. and Roy W. Bixler also state that a
profession
1. Utilizes in its practice a well-defined and well-
organized body of specialized knowledge which
is on the intellectual level of higher learning;
2. Constantly enlarges the body of knowledge it
uses, and improves its techniques of education
and service by the use of scientific method;
3. Entrusts the education of its practitioners to
institutions of higher education;
4. Applies its body of knowledge in practical
services which are vital to human and social
welfare;
5. Functions autonomously in the formulation of
professional policy and in the control of
professional activity;
6. Attracts individuals of intellectual and personal
qualities who exalt service above personal gain
Page 1 of 3
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week 2
CHAPTER 1: NURSING AS A PROFESSION
Mr. Andre de Veyra | March 24, 2022
and who recognize their chosen occupation as a
life work; and
7. Strives to compensate its practitioners by
providing freedom to act on opportunity for
continuous professional growth, and economic
security.
DEFINITION OF A PROFESSIONAL NURSE
• A professional nurse is a person who has completed
a basic nursing education program and is licensed in
his\her country or state to practice professional
nursing.
MEANING OF A PROFESSIONAL NURSE
• The Philippine Nursing Act of 1991 (R.A. 7164) has
been replaced by the Philippine Nursing Act of
2002 (R.A. 9173).
o Note the changes in the scope of nursing
practice.
Article VI Nursing Practice
• SEC. 28. Scope of Nursing
o A person shall be deemed to be practicing
nursing within the meaning of this Act when
he/she singly or in collaboration with another,
initiates and performs nursing services to
individuals, families and communities in any
health care setting.
o It includes, but is not limited to, nursing care
during conception, labor, delivery, infancy,
childhood, toddler, pre-school, school age,
adolescence, adulthood and old age.
o As independent practitioners, nurses are
primarily responsible for the promotion of health
and prevention of illness.
o As members of the health team, nurses shall
collaborate with other health care providers for
the curative, preventive, and rehabilitative
aspects of care, restoration of health, alleviation
of suffering, and when recovery is not possible,
assistance towards a peaceful death.
▪ Rehabilitation - In nursing, it talks about
maximizing what is left in the patient\client—
for example, teaching an amputated patient
to use a walker, crutches, or wheelchair.
Whereas, when recovery is not possible, we
assist the client to a peaceful and dignified
death.
o It shall be the duty of the nurse to:
(a) Provide nursing care through the utilization
of the nursing process. Nursing care
includes, but is not limited to,
 traditional and innovative approaches,
 therapeutic use of self,
 executing health care techniques and
procedures,
 essential primary health care,
 comfort measures,
 health teachings, and
 administration of written prescription for
treatment, therapies, oral, topical and
parenteral medications, internal
RELLIN-RODRIGUEZ
examination during labor in the
absence of antenatal bleeding and
delivery.
In case of suturing of perineal laceration,
special training shall be provided according
to protocol established;
(b) Establish linkages with community
resources and coordination with the health
team;
(c) Provide health education to individuals,
families and communities;
(d) Teach, guide and supervise students in
nursing education programs including the
 administration of nursing services in
varied settings such as hospitals and
clinics;
 undertake consultation services;
 engage in such activities that require
the utilization of knowledge and
decision-making skills of a registered
nurse;
(e) undertake nursing and health human
resource development training and
research, which shall include, but not limited
to, the development of advanced nursing
practice;
QUALIFICATIONS AND ABILITIES OF A
PROFESSIONAL NURSE
A. Professional preparation
• The professional Nurse must:
1. Have a license to practice nursing in the
country.
2. Have a Bachelor of Science degree in Nursing;
and
3. Be physically and mentally fit.
B. Personal Qualities and Professional
Proficiencies:
• The personal qualities and professional proficiencies
of a nurse include:
1. Interest and willingness to work and learn with
individuals/ groups in a variety of setting;
2. A warm personality and concern for people;
3. Resourcefulness and creativity as well as well-
balanced emotional condition.
4. Capacity and ability to work cooperatively with
others;
5. Initiative to improve self and service;
6. Competence in performing work through the
use of the nursing process;
7. Skill in decision-making, communicating, and
relating with others and being research
oriented; and
8. Active participation in issues confronting nurses
and nursing.
BASIC EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM IN NURSING
• Until 1983, there was only one basic educational
program in nursing – the four-year collegiate degree
Page 2 of 3
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week 2
CHAPTER 1: NURSING AS A PROFESSION
Mr. Andre de Veyra | March 24, 2022

program leading to the Bachelor of Science in

Nursing.
• The basic three-year hospital-based program
leading to the title Graduate in Nursing was phased
out.
• It is to be noted, however, that revision of this
program continues as seen fit by the
o Council of Deans,
o the Philippine College of Nursing,
o the Commission on Higher Education, and
o nursing practitioners.
• Colleges may also add courses that will enrich their
curriculum (Appendix I).
• However, effective School Year 1998-1999, the
curriculum for common two-year Associate in Health
Science Education (ASHE) was enforced.
• The current BSN curriculum is under CHED
Memorandum Order No. 15 or CMO No. 15
• Overall, the BSN program intends to produce a
professional nurse who demonstrates the following
behaviors.
1. Caring behavior (compassionate, competent
and committed);
2. Ability to practice legal, ethico-moral, social
responsibilities/ accountabilities;
3. Critical and creative thinking; and
4. Skill in practicing S-K-A and values for the
promotion of health, prevention of illness,
restoration of health, alleviation of suffering;
assisting clients to face death with dignity and
in peace.
o S-K-A - Skills, Knowledge, and Attitude.
Which are very much needed

END OF TRANSCRIPTION

REFERENCE
• Professional Nursing in the Philippines twelfth edition
by Lydia M. Venzon and Ronald M. Venzon

HEADING 1

RELLIN-RODRIGUEZ Page 3 of 3
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
LICENSE TO PRACTICE NURSING
Mr. Andre De Veyra | March 24, 2022

OUTLINE: DEFINITON OF REGISTRATION

I. DEFINITION OF LICENSE  Registration is the recording of names of persons
A. Need for Licensure who have qualified under the law to practice their
II. DEFINITION OF REGISTRATION respective professions.
A. Registration Required  Nurses' names are recorded in a registry or
III. REGISTRATION BY RECIPROCITY registration book which contains the following
IV. REGISTRATION BY EXAMINATION information:
A. Examination and Registration 1. Full name of registrant;
B. Requirements for Registration 2. Number and date of registration;
C. Fees for Examination and Registration 3. Age, sex and place of birth;
D. Scope of Examination 4. Place of business;
E. Citizenship Requirements 5. Post office address;
F. Rating of the Nursing Licensure Examination 6. Name of school, college or university from which
V. OATH TAKING OF NURSES he or she graduated or in which he or she has
A. Issuance of Certificate of Registration/Professional studied;
License and Professional Identification Card 7. Date of such graduation or term of study,
VI. ANNUAL REGISTRATION together with the time spent in the study of the
VII. REVOCATION OR SUSPENSION OF CERTIFICATES profession elsewhere, if any; and
OF REGISTRATION 8. All other degrees granted to him or her from
VIII. RE-ISSUANCE OF REVOKED CERTIFICATES other institutions of learning.
A. Prohibitions in the Practice of Nursing  A certificate of registration is issued by the PRC to
IX. DUE PROCESS OF LAW show such qualification.
X. FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS OF DUE
PROCESS
Registration Required
XI. ABBREVIATIONS
XII. REFERENCES
 Under the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, R.A. 9173,
Sections 12 and 20 state that license to practice
LEGEND: nursing shall be issued to those who pass the
Black for PowerPoint, red for audio lecture, blue for book
licensure examination or by reciprocity.

REGISTRATION BY RECIPROCITY (R.A. 9173, SEC.

DEFINITION OF LICENSE
 A license is a legal document given by the
government that permits a person to offer to the
public his or her skills and knowledge in a particular
jurisdiction, where such practice would otherwise be
unlawful without a license.
 The license to practice nursing is granted by the
appropriate authority to applicants or candidates who
have fulfilled certain established requirements. Such
a license permits the nurse to practice within the
country or state and gives him/her the privilege of
representing herself/himself as a licensed nurse.
 The appropriate authority to administer, implement,
and enforce the regulatory policies of government
with respect to the regulation and licensing of the
various professions and occupations under its
jurisdiction is the Professional Regulation
Commission (PRC).
Need for Licensure
 The primary purpose of registration is to protect the
health of the people by establishing minimum
standards which qualified practitioners must meet.
 Licensure discourages certain persons who may be
tempted to misrepresent themselves as nurses.
 It is the most important tool for legal control and
enforcement of nursing practice.
 It is also used to gather statistical data about nurses
and nursing in the country.
20)
 Reciprocity means mutuality in the grant and
enjoyment of privileges between persons or nations.
 As applied to the professions, it is a relation
established by law, treaty or agreement between two
countries or states, whereby each country or state
grants to citizens of each other, the privilege of being
admitted to the practice of the profession within their
respective territorial jurisdictions.
 Reciprocity is based on the principle of "do ut des"
which means that for a country to expect a favor from
another, it should be willing to give a corresponding
favor.
 SEC. 20. Registration by Reciprocity
o A certificate of registration/ professional license
may be issued without examination to nurses
registered under the laws of a foreign state or
country: Provided, That the requirements for
registration or licensing of nurses in said country
are substantially the same as those prescribed
under this Act.
o Provided, further, That the laws of such state or
country grant the same privileges to registered
nurses of the Philippines on the same basis as
the subjects or citizens of such foreign state or
country. Specifically, these provisions are
explained thus:
1. Nurses registered in the Philippines
desiring to practice in said foreign state or
country are granted under its laws the same
privileges as those accorded to its subjects

PEPITO & PORE Page 1 of 5

 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
LICENSE TO PRACTICE NURSING
Mr. Andre De Veyra | March 24, 2022
or citizens and as are enforced by them.
Proof of such reciprocity may be verified
from the Department of Foreign Affairs;
2. The applicant is a nurse registered under
the law of her/his state or country;
3. The requirements for registration or
licensing of nurses in a foreign country or
state where the applicant is registered as
nurse are substantially the same as those
prescribed under this Act; and
4. The applicant has resided in the Philippines
for at least three consecutive years as
provided by R.A. 5181.
5. Applicants for registration as nurses by
reciprocity shall present to the Board of
Nursing a properly completed application
on the prescribed form, together with their
respective certificates of registration as
nurse granted by their state or country. In
addition, the following shall be attached:
a. A certification from the Commission on
Immigration and Deportation stating
that they have been residents of the
Philippines for at least three (3) years
prior to registration;
b. A copy of the law or petition thereof
showing reciprocal practice with the
Philippines; and
c. A copy of their officially approved
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
curriculum.
 SEC. 21. Practice Through Special/Temporary
Permit
o A special temporary permit may be issued by the
Board to the following persons subject to the
approval of the Commission and upon payment
of the prescribed fees:
(a) Licensed nurses from foreign
countries/states whose service are either
for a fee or free if they are internationally
well-known specialists or outstanding
experts in any branch or specialty of
nursing;
(b) Licensed nurses from foreign
countries/states on medical mission whose
services shall be free in a particular
hospital, center or clinic; and
(c) Licensed nurses from foreign
countries/states employed by
schools/colleges of nursing as exchange
professors in a branch or specialty of
nursing;
Provided, however, That the special/temporary
permit shall be effective only for the duration of
the project, medical mission or employment
contract.
PEPITO & PORE
REGISTRATION BY EXAMINATION
Examination and Registration
 SEC. 12. Licensure Examination
o All applicants for registration as a nurse and
issuance of a certificate of registration and
professional identification card to practice
nursing shall be required to pass a written
examination which shall be given by the Board in
such places and dates as maybe designated by
the Commission. Such examination must be in
accordance with and fully compliant with RA No.
8981.
 SEC. 13. Qualifications for Admission to the
Licensure Examination.
o In order to be admitted to the examination for
nurses, an applicant must, at the time of filing
his/her application, establish to the satisfaction
of the Board that he or she:
(a) Is a citizen of the Philippines, or a citizen or
subject of a country which permits Filipino
nurses to practice within its territorial limits on
the same basis as the subject or citizen of such
country: Provided, That the requirements for the
registration or licensing of nurses in said country
are substantially the same as those prescribed
in this Act;
(b) Is of good moral character; and
(c) Is a holder of a Bachelor's Degree in Nursing
from a college or university that complies with
the standards of nursing education duly
recognized by the proper government agency.
Requirements for Examination
 For purposes of applying for the nursing licensure
examination, the following documents are required of
each applicant:
1. Original transcript of records with Special Order
from the Department of Education, Culture and
Sports unless he/ she is a graduate of a Level I
accredited nursing program;
2. For state colleges and universities, original
transcript of records with date of graduation;
3. Record of actual related learning experiences for
the entire Bachelor of Science in Nursing
program duly signed by the Chief Nurse of the
hospital or her duly authorized representative in
addition to that of the Dean of the nursing school
and the clinical instructor;
4. Actual number of operating room scrubs and
deliveries assisted, signed by the Chief Nurse or
her duly authorized representative in addition to
that of the Dean of the nursing school and the
clinical instructor;
5. Where applicable:
a. Birth Certificate,
b. Marriage Certificate,
c. Alien Certificate of Naturalization, and
d. Clearance showing dismissal of case from
the Court or Prosecutor's Office, if any.
 The application form, together with the requirements,
should be filed at the Professional Regulation
Page 2 of 5
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
LICENSE TO PRACTICE NURSING
Mr. Andre De Veyra | March 24, 2022
Commission ten (10) days prior to the first day of the
examination.
Fees for Examination and Registration
 Applicants for licensure and for registration shall pay
the prescribed fees set by the Commission.
Scope of Examination
 SEC. 14. Scope of Examination.
o The scope of the examination for the practice of
nursing in the Philippines shall be determined by
the Board.
o The Board shall take into consideration the
objectives of the nursing curriculum, the broad
areas of nursing, and other related disciplines
and competencies in determining the subjects of
examinations.
o Since May 1994, an integrated comprehensive
nursing licensure examination has been
designed to better measure the level of
competence or proficiency rather than the
compartmentalized subject area examination.
o It cuts across clinical nursing areas where
examines answer questions that necessitate
recognition and understanding of concepts,
theories, and principles as well as the skills and
attitudes involved in a given test problem
situation.
o It draws knowledge from the five broad areas of
nursing – Fundamentals of Nursing; Maternal
and Child Nursing; Community Health Nursing;
Nursing of Adolescents, Adults, and Aged; and
Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, including
Physiology and Anatomy, Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, Microbiology and Diet Therapy.
o The examination shall be divided into four parts
organized around four major goals in nursing:
promotive, preventive, curative, and
rehabilitative.
Citizenship Requirements
 The following are citizens of the Philippines as per
Article IV Section 1-5 of the 1987 Philippine
Constitution:
o Section 1
(1) Those who are citizens of the Philippines at
the time of the adoption of this Constitution.
(2) Those who elect Philippine citizenship
pursuant to the provisions of the
Constitution of 1935.
o Section 2. A female citizen of the Philippines
who marries an alien shall retain her Philippine
citizenship, unless by her act or omission she is
deemed, under the law, to have renounced her
Citizenship.
o Section 3. The Philippine citizenship may be lost
or re-acquired in the manner provided for by law.
o Section 4. A natural-born citizen is one who is a
citizen of the Philippines from birth without
having to perform any act to acquire or perfect
the Philippine citizenship.
PEPITO & PORE
 In jus sanguinis doctrine, the nationality of a person
is determined by the law of his descent or parentage;
the child follows the citizenship of his father.
 In jus soli doctrine, the nationality of a person is
determined by the law of the place of his birth; the
child born in a foreign country, whatever may be the
citizenship of the father, is a citizen of that country.
 Naturalization is the act of adopting a foreigner and
giving him the privileges of a native citizen.
Rating Of the Nursing Licensure Examination
 SEC. 15. Ratings
o In order to pass the examination, an examinee
must obtain a general average of at least
seventy-five percent (75%) with a rating of not
below sixty percent (60%) in any subject. An
examinee who obtains an average rating of
seventy-five percent (75%) or higher but gets a
rating below sixty percent (60%) in any subject
must take the examination again but only in the
subject or subjects where he/she is rated below
sixty percent (60%). In order to pass the
succeeding examination, an examinee must
obtain a rating of at least seventy-five percent
(75%) in the subject or subjects repeated.
 Renewal examination shall be taken within two
years after the last failed examination.
 Reconsideration of Ratings. Requests for
reconsideration of ratings may be entertained only on
grounds of mechanical, clerical, or clear errors; or if it
is conclusively shown that there had been
malfeasance in the rating of papers. Such requests
should be filed with the Commission within ninety (90)
days from the date of the official release of the
examination results. It is only after the review of the
test papers that the examine shall file the request for
reconsideration in accordance with the aforecited
provision.
OATH-TAKING OF NURSES
 All successful candidates in the examination shall be
required to take an oath of profession before the
Board or any government official authorized to
administer oaths prior to entering the nursing
practice.it
 The schedule of mass oath-taking (date and place)
is within fifteen days upon the release of the results
of the licensure examination, which is included in a
press release issued by the Professional Regulation
Commission.
 The professional oath includes a pledge to support
and defend the Constitution, bear true faith and
allegiance to the same, obey the laws, legal orders
and decrees promulgated by the duly constituted
authorities of the Philippines and adherence to the
ethical and professional standards of nursing.
 The Commission, during the mass oath-taking, is
assisted by the accredited professional organization.
At this time, the nurses are inducted as new
members of their professional organization.
Page 3 of 5
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
LICENSE TO PRACTICE NURSING
Mr. Andre De Veyra | March 24, 2022
Issuance of Certificate of Registration/Professional
License and Professional Identification Card
 A certificate of registration/professional license as a
nurse shall be issued to an applicant who passes the
examination upon payment of the prescribed fees.
Every certificate of registration/ professional license
shall show the full name of the registrant, the serial
number, the signature of the Chairperson of the
Commission and of the Members of the Board, and
the official seal of the Commission.
ANNUAL REGISTRATION
 Every practicing professional or practitioner of the
occupations regulated by the Professional
Regulation Commission shall pay a fee for three (3)
years which shall be paid on the professional's birth
month.
 Should a professional fail to pay the annual
registration fee on his/her birth month on the expiry
year that it is due, a surcharge of twenty percent shall
be charged and for each calendar year thereafter
that payment has not been made.
 If after a lapse of five continuous years from the year
it was last paid the annual registration fee has never
been paid, the delinquent's certificate of registration
shall be considered suspended and the practitioner's
name shall be dropped from the annual roster for not
having been in good standing.
 The professional may be reinstated only upon
application and payment of the required fee provided
for registration as nurse without examination.
REVOCATION OR SUSPENSION OF CERTIFICATES
OF REGISTRATION
 As provided by the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002
R.A.9173, Section 23, the Nursing Board of the
Professional Regulation Commission shall have the
power to revoke or suspend the certificate of
registration/professional license or cancel the
special/temporary permit of a nurse upon any of the
following grounds;
(a) For any of the causes mentioned in Section
22 of RA 9173;
(b) For unprofessional and unethical conduct;
(c) For gross incompetence or serious
ignorance;
(d) For malpractice or negligence in the
practice of nursing;
(e) For the use of fraud, deceit, or false
statements in obtaining a certificate of
registration/professional license or a
temporary/special permit;
(f) For violation of this Act, the implementing
rules and regulations, Code of Ethics for
Nurses and Code of Technical Standards
for nursing practice, policies of the Board
and the Commission, or the conditions and
limitations for the issuance of the
temporary/special permit; or
(g) For practicing his/her profession during
his/her suspension from such practice.
PEPITO & PORE
 Provided, however, That the suspension of the
certificate of registration/professional license shall
be for a period not exceeding four (4) years.
RE-ISSUANCE OF REVOKED CERTIFICATES
 SEC. 24. Re-issuance of Revoked Certificates and
Replacement of Lost Certificates
o The Board may, after the expiration of a
minimum of four (A) years from the date of
revocation of a certificate, for reasons of equity
and justice and when the cause for revocation
has disappeared or has been cured and
corrected, upon proper application therefor and
the payment of the required fees, issue another
copy of the certificate of registration/professional
license. A new certificate of
registration/professional license to replace a
certificate that has been lost, destroyed or
mutilated may be issued, subject to the rules of
the Board.
 Suspension means that the nurse is not allowed to
practice temporarily until final judgment of the case
against him or her is rendered. The license is not
confiscated.
 On the other hand, revocation means that the
license to practice is confiscated either temporarily or
permanently.
Prohibitions in the Practice of Nursing
 A fine of not less than fifty thousand pesos
(P50,000.00) nor more than one hundred thousand
pesos (P100,000.00) or imprisonment of not less
than one (1) year nor more than six (6) years, or both,
upon the discretion of the court, shall be imposed
upon:
(a) Any person practicing nursing in the
Philippines within the meaning of this Act:
(1) Without a certificate of
registration/professional license and
professional identification card or special/
temporary permit or without having been
declared exempt from examination in
accordance with the provision of this Act; or
(2) Who uses as his/her own certificate of
registration/ professional license and
professional identification card or special
temporary permit of another; or
(3) Who uses an invalid certificate of
registration/ professional license, a
suspended or revoked certificate of
registration/professional license, or an
expired or cancelled special/temporary
permit; or
(4) Who gives any false evidence to the Board
in order to obtain a certificate of
registration/professional license, a
professional identification card or special
permit; or
(5) Who falsely poses or advertises as a
registered and licensed nurse or uses any
other means that tend to convey the
Page 4 of 5
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
LICENSE TO PRACTICE NURSING
Mr. Andre De Veyra | March 24, 2022

impression that he/she is a registered and
licensed nurse; or
(6) Who appends B.S.N./R.N. (Bachelor of
Science in Nursing/Registered Nurse) or
any similar appendage to his/her name
without having been conferred said degree
or registration; or
(7) Who, as a registered and licensed nurse,
abets or assists the illegal practice of a
person who is not lawfully qualified to
practice nursing.
(b) Any person or the chief executive officer of a
juridical entity who undertakes in-service
educational programs or who conducts review
classes for both local and foreign examination
without permit/clearance from the Board and
the Commission; or
(c) Any person or employer of nurses who violate
the minimum base pay of nurses and the
incentives and benefits that should be
accorded them as specified in Sections 32 and
34; or
(d) Any person or the chief executive officer of a
juridical entity violating any provision of this Act
and its rules and regulations.
DUE PROCESS LAW
 Under the Bill of Rights provided in the Constitution
of the Philippines, "no person shall be deprived of
life, liberty or property without due process of law nor
shall any person be denied equal protection of the
laws."
 The term "due process of law" is defined as a "law
which hears before it condemns, which proceeds
upon inquiry and renders judgment only after trial".
o This means that every citizen shall hold his life,
liberty, property and immunities under protection
of the general rule which governs society.
 Due process of law means such exercise of the
powers of the government as the settled maxim of law
permits and sanctions.
 The fundamental requirement of due process of law
is an opportunity for hearing and defense.
5. The right to bail and protection against
excessive bail;
6. The right to presumption of innocence until the
contrary is proved;
7. The right to be heard by himself/herself and
counsel;
8. The right to be informed of the nature or the
cause of the accusation against him/her;
9. The right to have a speedy, impartial, and
public trial;
10. The right to meet the witness face to face;
11. The right to have a compulsory process to
secure the attention of witnesses face to face
and the production of evidence on his/her
behalf;
12. The right against self-incrimination;
13. The right, when under investigation for the
commission of an offense, to remain silent and
to counsel, and to be informed of his/her right;
14. The right against the use of force, violence,
threat, intimidation or any other means which
vitiates the free will;
15. The right against cruel and unusual
punishment;
16. The right against excessive fines; and
17. The right against double jeopardy.
END OF TRANSCRIPTION
REFERENCES
 Venzon, L. M., & Venzon, R. M. (2016). Professional
Nursing in the Philippines (12th Edition).

FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS OF DUE

PROCESS
 Following are the fundamental requirements of due
process as provided in Article III Section 14 of the
New Constitution: stating that no person shall be held
to answer for a criminal offense without due process
of law.
 The Constitutional rights of the accused are
enumerated as follows:
2. The accused is presumed innocent until the
contrary is proved;
3. The right to free access to the courts and
adequate legal assistance;
4. The right to remain silent and to have
competent and independent counsel
preferably of his/her own choice. If he/she
cannot afford the services of a counsel, he/she
must be provided one;
PEPITO & PORE Page 5 of 5
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week # 3
THE LICENSING BOARD
Andre De Veyra | Date (March 24, 2022)
OUTLINE:
I. POWER TO REGULATE THE PROFESSION
II. ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION
A. REGULAR APPOINTMENT
B. AD INTERIM APPOINTMENT
C. DOCTRINE OF HOLD-OVER
III.QUALIFICATIONS OF MEMBERS TO THE NURSING
BOARD
IV. TERM OF OFFICE
V. COMPENSATION
VI. REMOVAL OR SUSPENSION OF BOARD MEMBERS
VII. POWERS, FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF
VARIOUS BOARDS (AS PER RA 8981-THE
MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2000)
VIII.ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION OF THE BOARD,
CUSTODIAN OF ITS RECORDS, SECRETARIAT, AND
SUPPORT SERVICES
IX. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE BOARD
Administrative Supervision of the Board,
LEGEND:
Black for PowerPoint, red for audio lecture, blue for book
POWER TO REGULATE THE PROFESSION
• The power to regulate the established professions
in the Philippines and to examine the applicants to
practice the same is vested upon the Professional
Regulation Commission (PRC).
• The regulatory power with respect to the nursing
profession is conferred upon the Professional
Regulatory Board of Nursing. However, PD 223
has been repealed by RA 8981, "The PRC
Modernization Act of 2000."
ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION
• SEC 4. Composition of the Board.
• Republic Act 9173, there shall be created a
Professional Regulatory Board of Nursing,
hereinafter referred to as the Board, to be
composed of a Chairperson and six (6) members,
representing the three areas of nursing: nursing
education, nursing service, and community
health nursing. The Board shall be under the
administrative supervision and control of the
Commission, and as such:
a. all records of the Board, including
applications for examinations, administrative and
other investigative cases conducted by the
Board shall be under the custody of the
Commission; and
b. the Commission shall designate the
Secretary of the Board and shall provide the
secretariat and other support services needed by
the Board to implement the provisions of the said
Nursing Act.
PLECERDA- RIPALDA
• Members of the Board are appointed by the
President of the Philippines and confirmed by the
Commission on Appointments. Members of the
Board of Nursing may be appointed by:
1. REGULAR APPOINTMENT
- the PNA (Philippine Nurses Association) certifies
for appointment to the Nursing Board of the PRC
(Professional Regulation Commission), 12
candidates who possess the required qualifications.
They are ranked accordingly. The list of the 12
nominees are forwarded to the Commissioner of the
PRC for further screening. The commissioner, in
turn, submits the first 6 from the list to the President
of the Philippines. The President appoints the board
member and is confirmed by the Commission on
Appointments.
2. AD INTERIM APPOINTMENT
- a board member is appointed in the meantime to fill
in a vacancy or perform the duties of an office during
the absence of the regular.
3. DOCTRINE OF HOLD-OVER
- a member of the Nursing Board is permitted to
continue to exercise the functions of the office after
the end of his/her lawful term until replaced.
• SEC 5. Appointment.
The Chairperson and six members shall be appointed by
the President of the Republic of the Philippines upon the
recommendation of the Commission: Provided, that all
those who will be recommended by the Commission to
the President for appointment shall be duly
licensed/registered nurses chosen only from among the
nominees submitted by the accredited professional
organization of nurses in the Philippines to the
Commission to fill up vacancies. For this purpose, the
following shall strictly be observed/complied with:
a. The Commission shall, before the last year of the
term of office of any member, notify and request the
accredited professional organization of nurses in the
Philippines to submit to the Commission at least
three (3) qualified nominees per vacancy.
b. The accredited professional organization of nurses
shall upon receipt of the Commission's request
screen and rank qualified nurses only for the purpose
and submit three (3) nominees, per vacancy, to the
Commission not later than three months before the
vacancy occurs.
Page 1 of 4
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week # 3
THE LICENSING BOARD
Andre De Veyra | Date (March 24, 2022)
c. The Commission, upon receipt of the list of
nominees of the accredited professional organization
of nurses in the Philippines, shall rank said nominees
and submit to the President of the Philippines two (2)
nominees, per vacancy, not later than two (2) months
before the vacancy occurs, with the request that the
appointment be issued not later than thirty (30) days
before the scheduled licensure examinations.
d. Reappointment shall be subject to the provisions
of E.O. No. 496.
e. The necessary operating procedures to ensure
strict compliance therewith shall be embodied in a
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) by the
Commission and the accredited professional
organization of nurses.
QUALIFICATIONS OF MEMBERS TO THE NURSING
BOARD
SEC 6. Qualifications of the Chairperson and Members.
• The Chairperson and members of the Board shall, at
the time of their appointment, possess the following
qualifications:
a. A natural-born citizen and resident of the
Philippines;
b. A member of good standing of the accredited
professional organization of nurses;
c. A registered nurse and holder of a master's degree
in nursing, education, or other allied medical
profession conferred by a college or university duly
recognized by the Government, provided that the
Chairperson and majority of the Members must be
holders of a master's degree in nursing;
d. Must have at least ten (10) years of continuous
practice of the profession prior to appointment, the
last five (5) years of which must be in the Philippines;
and
e. Must not have been convicted of any offense
involving moral turpitude.
• Membership to the Board shall represent the three
areas of nursing, namely, nursing education,
nursing service, and community health nursing.
• Requirements Upon Qualification as Chairperson
and Member of the Board. Any person appointed as
Chairperson or Member of the Board shall:
a. Immediately resign from any teaching position in any
school, college, university, or institution offering
PLECERDA- RIPALDA
bachelor of Science in Nursing and/or review program
for the local nursing board examinations;
b. Immediately resign from any office or employment in
the private sector and/in the government or any
subdivision, agency, or instrumentality thereof,
including government owned and/or controlled
corporations or their subsidiaries; and
c. Not have any pecuniary interest in or administrative
supervision over any institution offering Bachelor of
Science in Nursing including review classes.
Pecuniary interest refers to involvement of husband/wife,
children, brothers/sisters, mother/father in any activity that
will conflict with his/her position in the Board, particularly
money matters.
TERM OF OFFICE
• The Chairperson and Members shall hold office for a
period of three (3) years and until their successors
shall have been appointed and qualified, provided
that:
a) No Chairperson and Member shall be appointed
and/or reappointed for more than two (2) terms
or a period of six (6) years;
b) Appointment to a vacancy that occurs before the
expiration of the term of office of the
Chairperson/Member shall cover only the
unexpired portion of the term of the immediate
predecessor; and
c) The Chairperson and Member shall take the
proper oath of office prior to the performance of
his/her duties.
• The incumbent Chairperson and Members of the
Board shall continue to serve for the remainder of
their terms under RA No. 7164 until their
replacements shall have been appointed by the
President and shall have been duly qualified.
COMPENSATION
• SEC. 7. Compensation of Board Members.
• The Chairperson and Members of the Board shall
receive compensation and allowances comparable
to the compensation and allowances received by the
Chairperson and Members of other professional
regulatory boards. They are paid based on the
principle of quantum meruit which means "as much
as they deserve".
REMOVAL OR SUSPENSION OF BOARD MEMBERS
• SEC. 11. Removal or Suspension of Board
Members.
Page 2 of 4
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week # 3
THE LICENSING BOARD
Andre De Veyra | Date (March 24, 2022)

• The President may remove or suspend any member e) to conduct, through the Legal Officers of the
of the Board after having been given the opportunity Commission, summary proceedings on
to defend himself/herself in a proper administrative minor violations of their respective regulatory
investigation, on the following grounds: laws, including violations of the general
instructions to examinees committed by the
a) continued neglect of duty or incompetence; examinees and render summary judgment
thereon which shall, unless appealed to the
b) commission or toleration of irregularities in Commission, become final and executory
the licensure examination; and after fifteen (150 days from receipt of notice
c) unprofessional, immoral, or dishonorable or judgment or decision;
conduct. f) subject to final approval by the Commission,
to recommend registration without
POWERS, FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF examination and the issuance of
VARIOUS BOARDS (AS PER RA 8981-THE corresponding certificate of registration and
MODERNIZATION ACT OF 2000) professional identification card;
• The various professional regulatory boards shall g) after due process, to suspend, revoke or
retain the following functions and responsibilities: reinstate certificate of registration or license
provided by law;
a) to regulate the practice of the professions in h) to prepare, adopt and issue by the syllabi or
accordance with the provisions of their tables of specification of the subjects for
respective professional regulatory laws; examination in consultation with the
b) to monitor the conditions affecting the academe; determine and prepare the
practice of the profession occupation under question for the licensure examinations shall
their respective jurisdictions and when be strictly be within the scope of the syllabus
necessary, adopt such measures as may be or the table of specification of the subject for
deemed proper for the enhancement of the examination, score and rate the examination
profession/occupation and/or the papers with the name and signature of the
maintenance of high professional, ethical Board member concerned appearing
and technical standards and for this purpose thereto, and submit the results in all subjects
the members of the Board duly authorized by duly signed by all members of the Board to
the Commission with deputized employees the Commission within ten (10) days from
of the Commission, may conduct ocular the last day of the examination unless
inspections in the industrial, mechanical, extended by the Commission, determine the
electrical, or chemical plants or appropriate passing general rating in an
establishments, hospitals, clinics, examination if not provided for in the law
laboratories, testing facilities, mines and regulating the profession; and
quarries, other engineering facilities and in i) to prepare an annual report of the
the case of schools, in coordination with the accomplishments of programs, projects and
Commission on Higher Education (CHED) activities of the Board during the year for
c) to hear and investigate cases arising from submission to the Commission after the
violations of their respective laws, the rules close of each calendar year and make
and regulations promulgated thereunder and appropriate recommendations on issues or
their Codes of Ethics and, for this purpose problems affecting the profession to the
may issue summons, subpoena and Commission.
subpoena duces tecum to alleged violators
and/or witnesses to compel their attendance
in such investigations or hearings: Provided, ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION OF THE
That, the decision of the Professional BOARD, CUSTODIAN OF ITS RECORDS,
Regulatory Board shall, unless appealed to SECRETARIAT, AND SUPPORT SERVICES
the Commission, become final and statutory
after fifteen (15) days from receipt of notice
of judgement or decision;
• The Board shall be under the administrative
d) to delegate the hearing or investigation of
supervision of the Commission. All records of the
the administrative cases filed before them
Board, including applications for examinations,
except in cases where the issue or question
administrative and other investigative cases
involved strictly concerns the practice of the
conducted by the Board shall be under the custody of
profession or occupation, in which case, the
the Commission. The Commission shall designate
hearing shall be prescribed over by at least
the Secretary of the Board and shall provide the
one (1) member of the Board concerned
secretariat and other support services to implement
assisted by a Legal or Hearing Officer of the
the provisions of the Act.
Commission;

PLECERDA- RIPALDA Page 3 of 4

 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week # 3
THE LICENSING BOARD
Andre De Veyra | Date (March 24, 2022)

decision as may be necessary for the improvement

of nursing practice, advancement of the
POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE BOARD profession, and for the proper and full enforcement
of the provision of the “Philippine Nursing Act
2002” ;
SEC 11. Powers, Duties, Functions and i. Submit an annual report to the Commission at the
Responsibilities of the Board of Nursing close of its calendar year giving detailed account
of its proceedings and the accomplishments during
the year and making recommendations for the
• The Board shall supervise and regulate the practice
adoption of measures that will upgrade and
of the nursing profession in the Philippines. As such
improve the conditions affecting the practice of the
pursuant to the provisions of R.A. No. 9173and R.A.
nursing profession; and
No. 8981, otherwise known as “PRC Modernization
j. In coordination with the accredited professional
Act of 2002”, the Board shall have the following
organization and appropriate government and
specific powers, functions, duties and
private agencies, initiate, undertake and conduct
responsibilities:
studies on health, human research production and
a. Conduct the licensure examination for nurses;
utilization and development.
b. Issue, suspend or revoke certificates of registration
for the practice of nursing;
c. Monitor and enforce quality standards of nursing
END OF TRANSCRIPTION
practice in the Philippines and exercise the powers
necessary to ensure maintenance of efficient,
ethical and technical, moral and professional
REFERENCES
standards in the practice of nursing taking into
account the health needs of the nation ; • Professional Nursing in the Philippines (twelfth
d. Ensure quality nursing education by examining the edition), Lydia M. Venzon and Ronald M. Venzon
prescribed facilities of universities or colleges of
nursing or permission to open nursing courses to ABBREVIATIONS
ensure that standards of nursing education are • CHED - Commission on Higher Education
properly complied with and maintained at all times. • PRC - Professional Regulation Commission
The authority to open and close colleges of nursing • PNA - Philippine Nurses Association
and/or nursing education programs shall be vested
on the Commission on Higher Education upon
written recommendation of the Board;
e. Conduct hearings and investigations to resolve
complaints against nurse practitioners for unethical
and unprofessional conduct and violation of this
act, or its rules and regulations. In connection
therewith, the board, upon application with the
court, is empowered to:
1. Issue subpoena ad testificandum and
subpoena duces tecum to secure the
appearance of respondents and witnesses
and the production of documents, and
2. Punish with contempt persons obstructing,
impeding and/or otherwise interfering with
the conduct of such proceedings;
f. Adopt and promulgate a Code of Ethics and a code
of Technical Standards for the practice of nursing
in coordination and consultation with the
accredited professional organization of nurses
within one (1) year from the effectivity of the
subject Nursing Act;
g. Recognize nursing specialty organizations in
coordination with the accredited professional
organization. The recognition of nursing specialty
organizations shall be based on the criteria jointly
developed by the Board of Nursing and the
Accredited Professional Organization ;
h. Subject to the review and approval of the
Commission prescribe, adopt, issue and
promulgate guidelines, regulations, measures, and
PLECERDA- RIPALDA Page 4 of 4
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #
CONTRACTS
SIR ANDRE DE VEYRA | MARCH 25, 2022
OUTLINE:
I. Contract
A. Kind of Contracts
B. Requisites of a Contract
C. Inexistent Contracts
D. Voidable Contracts
E. Illegal Contracts
F. Breach of Contract
II. REFERENCES
III. ABBREVIATIONS
IV. APPENDIX
LEGEND:
Black for PowerPoint, red for audio lecture, blue for book
CONTRACT
 A CONTRACT is a meeting of minds between two
persons whereby one binds himself, with respect to
the other, to give something or to render some
service.
 It is a promise or a set of promises which the law
recognizes as a duty and when that duty is not
performed, the law provides a remedy
Kind of Contracts
 Formal Contract - refers to an agreement among
parties involved and is required to be in writing by
some special laws.
o Examples are marriage contracts,
mortgages, deeds of sale or work
contracts.
 Informal Contract - one which is concluded as the
result of a written document or correspondence
where the law does not require the same to be in
writing, or as the result of oral and spoken
discussion between the parties or conduct
between the parties, evidence and intention to
contract.
 Express Contract - one in which the conditions
and terms of the contract are given orally or in
writing by the parties concerned.
o An example of this is usually found in
formal contracts wherein the kind of
services offered, salary, date and time of
effectivity including fringe benefits, if any,
are specified.
 Implied Contract - one that is concluded as a
result of acts of conduct of the parties to which the
law ascribes an objective intention to enter into a
contract. To avoid subsequent problems, nurses
are advised to clarify the terms and conditions of
employment before assumption of work with the
prospective employer.
 Void Contract - one that is inexistent from the very
 beginning and therefore may not be enforced.
 Illegal Contract - one that is expressly prohibited
by law.
PRETENCIO – GROUP H
Requisites of a Contract
1. To have a contract, two or more persons must
participate.
2. The parties involved must give consent to the contract.
3. The object which is the subject matter of the contract
must be specified such as:
o all things which are not outside the
commerce of man;
o all rights which are not intransmissible;
o future inheritance in cases expressly
authorized by law;
o all services which are not contrary to law,
morals, good customs, public order, and
public policy.
4. The cause of obligation is established. The time, price,
and subject matter are expressed. Generally, the length of
time of a contract for services is at least equal to the period
for which wages or salaries are payable. Thus, if one is
engaged on yearly rates, the length of time of the contract
will be at least one year.
5.Contracting parties must have the legal capacity to enter
into a contract. They must:
o be of legal age;
o be of sound mind;
o not be under the influence of intoxicating
drugs, or fear of bodily harm; and
o not be suffering from physical disability such
as those who are mentally incompetent.
 Persons under 18 years of age may not go into
contracts without the consent of the parents.
However, when parents give up control over the
supervision of a minor and the latter keeps his own
wages, he may be regarded as "emancipated" or
freed even though he continues to live at home.
 It is imperative that nurses clarify the conditions of
work during the interview.
Inexistent Contracts
 The following contracts are void or inexistent from
the beginning:
1. Those whose cause, object or purpose are
contrary to law, morals, good customs, public
order or public policy.
2. Those whose cause or object did not exist
from the time of transaction.
3. Those whose object is outside the commerce
of man.
4. Those which contemplate an impossible
service.
5. Those where the intention of the parties
relative to the principal object cannot be
ascertained.
6. Those expressly prohibited or declared void by
law.
7. Those which are absolutely simulated or
fictitious.
Page 1 of 2
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #
CONTRACTS
SIR ANDRE DE VEYRA | MARCH 25, 2022

4. abandonment of duty (i.e., leaving unconscious

Voidable Contracts patients, going off-duty without endorsement,
 The following contracts are voidable or annullable, loafing while on duty);
even though there may have been no damage to 5. substitution of performance; and
the contracting parties. 6. failure to use due care.
1. Those contracts wherein one of the parties is
incapable of giving consent to a contract. END OF TRANSCRIPTION
2. Those whose consent is vitiated by mistake,
violence, intimidation, undue influence or
fraud. REFERENCES
 Professional Nursing in the Philippines, 12 th edition
Illegal Contracts
 Contracts obtained through use of fraud (deception
and trickery,) undue (unlawful) influence or duress
(coercion) in securing such, and those that are
expressly prohibited by law are illegal.
Following are examples of illegal contracts:
1. Those that are made in protection of the law.
If a nurse proceeds to administer intravenous
injection without special training and according
to protocol established, she/he violates RA
9173, the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002.
2. Consent obtained by fraud. If a nurse obtained
the consent of a patient or the family to be given
services, through misrepresentation that she/he
is licensed although she/he is not, such contract
is illegal.
3. Those obtained under duress. Duress means
actual or threat of violence or imprisonment in
order to obtain consent. A nurse may be forced
to sign a contract under threat of dismissal.
4. Those obtained under undue influence. If a
nurse who has been taking care of an elderly
patient uses her close relationship to acquire
high salary or other options as property, such
contract is invalid as it is illegal.
5. Those obtained through material
misrepresentation. Aside from fraud, material
misrepresentation may permit a person to avoid
or cancel a contract. Suppose a midwife applied
as nurse in an agency and was soon found not
to be a registered nurse, the contract that she
signed becomes illegal because she misled the
employer that she is a nurse.

Breach of Contract
 Breach of contract is failure to perform an
agreement, whether expressed or implied, without
cause.
The following constitute breach of contract for
nursing services:
1. prevention of performance;
2. failure to perform because of inconvenience or
difficulty;
3. failure of cooperation in performance;

PRETENCIO – GROUP H Page 2 of 2

 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022

OUTLINE: Case decisions or judicial opinions

I. LAWS GOVERNING THE PRACTICE OF NURSING
A. Definition of Law Presidential Decrees
B. Three Essential Characteristics of Law
C. Brief History of the Philippine Nursing Law
Letters of Instructions
D. Magna Carta for Public Health Workers
E. Change in the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002
II. REFERENCES Brief History of the Philippine Nursing Law
III. ABBREVIATIONS Act No. 2493 of 1915
IV. APPENDIX
LEGEND: First law that had to do with the practice of nursing
Black for PowerPoint, red for audio lecture, blue for book
Regulated the practice of medicine.
Provided for the examination and registration of
nurses in the Philippine Islands.
LAWS GOVERNING THE PRACTICE OF
NURSING 1919
Definition of Law
Act 2808, first true nursing law was passed. It
Law is defined as “the sum total of rules and created a board of examiners for nurses.
regulations by which society is governed. It is
man-made and regulates social conduct in a 1920
formal and binding way. It reflects society’s
First board examination in the Philippines was
needs, attitudes, and mores.”
given.
Law may also be defined as a rule of conduct
June 19, 1953
pronounced by controlling authority which may be
enforced. The Philippine Nursing Law, otherwise known as
Republic Act 877, was enacted by the congress.
Three Essential Characteristics of Law:
The authority or the right to declare that the rule SEC. 16, ART IV. Inhibition against practice of
exists. nursing – unless exempt from registration, NO
PERSON SHALL PRACTICE OR OFFER TO
Such rule is pronounced or expressed and that its
PRACTICE NURSING IN THE PHILIPPINES
source can be identified.
WITHOUT HOLDING A VALID CERTIFICATE OF
A right to enforce the same must be provided. REGISTRATION AS NURSE ISSUED BY THE
BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR NURSES:
The controlling authority in our system is the provided, however, that for the protection of life and
government. The fundamental law of the prevention of illness and anu communicable
government is the Constitution. disease any person practicing or offering to practice
The first essential to a pronounced law is that it professional nursing in the Philippines must submit
must be declared in writing. evidence that he/she is qualified to practice, and
shall be licensed.
Section 30, Article V – not only prohibits the
The principal sources of these practice of nursing without a certificate of
pronouncements are: registration issued by the Board of Nursing but also
The Constitution provides the penalty for doing so.
The statutes or legislations Prohibition in the practice of Nursing. Penal
The regulations issued by the Executive branch of Provision – any person practicing nursing in the
the government Philippines without certification, registration, or
PRESNILLA, RIVAS Page 1 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022
without having been declared exempt for
examination and registration, or any person using
the certificate of registration of another, any person
giving false or forged evidence to the Board in
order to obtain a certificate of registration, any
person assuming or advertising his/her name the
letters of R.N or B.S.N, advertising any
title/description tending to convey that he/she is a
nurse (e.g. using nurse’s uniform and cap without
holding a valid certification from the Board, shall be
guilty of misdemeanor and shall upon
conviction, be sentenced to a fine of not less
that one year or more than five years, or both in
the discretion of the court.
June 18, 1966
Republic Act 4704 amended certain portions of
R.A 877
Salient changes:
1. Membership of the Board Examiners for Nurses
increased from three to five members.
2. Members of the Board were to be appointed by
the president of the Philippines with the consent
of the Commission on Appointments.
3. The requisite of academic degree for members
of the Board was a Master’s Degree instead of a
Baccalaureate Degree in Nursing.
4. Disqualifying age limit for a Board Member was
fixed. No person was eligible for membership in
the board if he/she was over 65 years of age,
heretofore, no such age disqualification was
provided by law.
5. The maximum total compensation which a
member of the Board of Examiners for Nurses
could receive was raised from PHP 12,000.00 per
annum, as provided in the 1965-1955
Appropriation Act (Republic Act No. 4642 to PHP
18,000.00 yearly.
6. The academic qualification for Deans, Directors,
and Principals of Colleges and schools of Nursing
was raised from a Baccalaureate Degree to that
of a Master’s Degree in Nursing.
7. The areas of study required for entrance to
colleges and schools of Nursing were generalized
PRESNILLA, RIVAS
to include courses in Physical, Biological, Social
& Behavioral Sciences, as well as Humanities,
Chemistry, Psychology, and Zoology.
8. The scope of Nursing practice was broadened to
circumscribe the whole management of the care of
patients and the acts of constituting professional
practice of Nursing were spelled out to include such
services as reporting, recording and evaluation
of a patient’s case, supervisions of persons
contributing to the nursing care of patients,
execution of nursing procedures and
techniques, direction and education to secure
physical and mental care and the application
and execution of physician’s orders concerning
treatment and medication.
9. The date of holding nurse’s examination was
no longer fixed but adjusted to the official closing
of the semestral term of classes in colleges and
schools of nursing.
10. The minimum age required for applicants for
admission to the nurse’s examination was lowered
from 21 to 18 years of age, but no candidate who
passed the examination was permitted to practice
the profession until he/she reached the age of 21
years.
Two Nursing Associations that recommend
candidates to the board of Nursing:
1. National League of Government Nurses
2. Philippine Nurses Association
- Now, it is only the PNA (Philippine Nurses
Association) that is accredited by the PRC
(Professional Regulation Commission) to certify
candidates to the Nursing Board possess the
qualifications required for appointment.
- Compensation of Nursing Board members are
specified by the PRC.
Philippine Nursing Act of 1991, R.A. 7164 –
students must belong to the upper 40% of the
graduating class in their high school to be able to
enroll to the college of nursing of their choice.
Page 2 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022
August 31, 1970
Sub-paragraph 7 of Section 17 of R.A 877 was
amended by R.A 6136 which stated “The
application and execution of legal orders in writing
of physician’s concerning treatments and
medications including the application of hypodermic
and intramuscular injection; provided, that
intravenous and other injections may be
administered under the direction and in the
presence of the said physician. Provided, further,
that a previous order in writing shall not be
necessary if the application and execution of
such order is made in the presence of the said
physician.”
“This section shall not apply to students in
schools and colleges of nursing who perform
nursing services under the supervision of their
instructors and professors of nursing and to
exchange professors of nursing.”
Parliamentary Bill 446 – proposed one
professional program in nursing and the widening
of the scope of the Nursing practice (Philippine
Nursing Act of 1976).
Republic Act 7164
Introduced by the father of Nursing in the
Philippines, Senator Heherson Alvarez.
Senator Heherson Alvarez codified and revised all
the laws regulating the practice of nursing in the
Philippines.
Was known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 1991
with the following changes:
1. Redefinition of the scope of nursing practice
to emphasize:
a. use of nursing process as a scientific discipline in
arriving at an appropriate nursing action and care;
b. the teaching, management, leadership, and
decision-making roles of the nurse; and
c. the undertaking of and participation in studies
and research by nurses:
PRESNILLA, RIVAS
2. Requiring a faculty member who was
appointed by the Board of Nursing to resign
from his/her teaching position at the time of
appointment and not one year proceeding
his/her appointment as provided in Republic
Act 877, amended:
3. Updating a faculty’s educational qualification
by requiring a Master’s Degree in Nursing.
4. Specification of qualifications of
administrators of Nursing services.
5. Inclusions of the phrase “Unethical Conduct”
as one of the reasons for revocation and
suspension of certificate of registration.
October 17, 1958
Presidential Proclamation of a Nurses’ Week
under Proclamation No. 539.
The president of the Philippines designated the last
week of October of every year, beginning in 1958,
as Nurses’ Week.
The purpose of dedicating a period in a year for
nurses is to: develop consciousness and availability
of Nursing resources in the Philippines.
June 23, 1973
Presidential Decree No. 223 was issued.
Created the PRC and prescribed its powers and
functions.
Before, the function to regulate the different
professions was under Civil Service
Commissions. Now, it belongs to the
Professional Regulation Commission. This office
was directly under the Office of the President of the
Philippines.
1972
R.A 6511 was enacted to amend Republic Act 465
which standardized the examination and
registration fees charged by various Board of
Examiners.
The year R.A 6511 took effect. (July 1, 1972)
Important changes in R.A 6511:
Page 3 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022
1. Fee for Nurse’s examination was increased
from PHP 50.00 to PHP 75.00. And the fee for
registration as nurses after passing the
examination was increased from PHP 20.00 to
PHP 40.00
3. Annual registration fee should be paid on or
before the 20th of January. Failure to pay entailed
a surcharge of 20% and such additional charge
was imposed for each year that the annual
registration fee was not paid, and if non-payment of
the fee lasted for five consecutive years, the nurse
concerned was deemed as not of good standing
and her certificate of registration should thereby be
considered suspended and her name removed
from the annual roster.
4. Nurses in inactive status are exempted from
paying the annual registration fee if they properly
informed the Nursing Board that they had stopped
practicing their profession. Reinstatement to
nursing practice and in the annual roster of an
inactive nurse could be effected by a request in
writing and the payment of the annual registration
fee for the current year.
August 20, 1990
PRC Memorandum No. 90-11 provided new rates
for examination and registration:
a. Fee – for professions needing a Baccalaureate
Degree, the examination fee was PHP 350.00 and
for those with less than a Baccalaureate Degree it
was PHP 250.00
b. Initial Registration Fee – For professions
needing a Baccalaureate Degree, the initial
registration fee was PHP 250.00 while for those
with less than a Baccalaureate Degree, the fee
was PHP 175.00
c. Annual Registration Fee – For professions
needing a Baccalaureate Degree, the annual
registration fee for new registrants was PHP
40.00. For those with less than a Baccalaureate
Degree, it was PHP 30.00. For renewal, a
processing fee of PHP 10.00 was charged. This
registration fee was paid on the professional’s birth
month.
March 20, 1980
PRESNILLA, RIVAS
Letter of Instruction No. 1000 from President
Ferdinand Marcos, required that members of
accredited professional organizations shall be given
priority in the hiring of employees in the
government service and in the engagement of
professional services.
Republic Act 1612 – stated that a privilege tax
shall be paid before any business or occupation
can be lawfully begun or pursued. The occupation
or professional tax for nurses was PHP 50.00
payable annually on or before January 31.
Any person who pursued any occupation without
paying the tax required by law was liable to pay a
fine not exceeding PHP 1000.00 or imprisonment,
for a term not exceeding six months or both.
Any person who did not pay his annual privilege tax
for the current year was fined not less than PHP
200.00 and not more than PHP 500.00.
Nurses working in the government were exempted
from paying the privilege tax.
R.A 1080
Those who passed the bar and board examinations
were declared to be civil service eligible.
Nurses need not apply to the Civil Service
Commission for the conversion of the passed board
examination. They just presented a photostatic
copy of their board rating and their professional
license to the government agency where they were
applying.
June 18, 1960
R.A. 7392 amended R.A 2644 known as
“Midwifery Law”. It provided that only licensed
midwives could practice. Nurses should pass the
Board Examination for Midwives and be
registered as such upon payment of the prescribed
fee and submit to the Midwifery Board a
certification from the Chief of Hospital or the
Municipal or Provincial or City Health Officer that
they actually had attended the last 20 deliveries.
They should pay the corresponding fees for
examination and registration. (Article III Section
19 & 20 Philippine Midwifery Act, R.A. 7392).
Page 4 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022
Several arguments arose among Nurses as a
result of the passage of this Act:
1. Do nurses really have to register as midwives
before they can attend to deliveries?
The Philippine Nursing Act of 1991 stated that a
person shall be practicing nursing “…who shall for
a fee, salary, reward or compensation, singly or in
collaboration with another, initiate and perform
nursing services to individuals, families and
communities in various stages of development”.
Since the act of being born is part of the
development process, then attending to deliveries,
nurses contend, is still part of/or within the purview
of nursing.
It was also claimed that nurses who attend to
normal deliveries do so as part of maternal child
nursing care and not as a practice of midwifery.
Nurses claimed that as nursing students, they were
required to handle/assist in delivery cases as pre-
requisite to completion of requirements for
graduation and subsequently in taking the Board
Examinations for Nurses.
In the Implementing Rules and Regulations of
R.A. 7164, formulated by the Board of Nursing,
Chapter IV Section 14b, performing internal
examination and delivery of baby is part of the
functions of nurses.
2. Should hilots or the unlicensed midwives
from the barrios be allowed to continue to
practice for their trade?
Section 28 Article IV or R.A. 2644 specifically
allowed them to do so. However, in the same
Article and Section of R.A. 7392 no mention was
made about hilots.
3. Are the midwives properly trained in their
school to assume the roles provided for in R.A.
7392? Does this law not infringe in the
Philippine Medical Act or the Philippine Nursing
Act?
To prepare midwives to give intravenous injections
and suture perineal lacerations, these procedures
are already incorporated in the Midwifery
curriculum. The implementing guidelines of both
Nursing Law and Midwifery Act clarified some of
PRESNILLA, RIVAS
these issues for competent, safe, and legal
practice.
Republic Act 2382
known as the Philippine Medical Act, defines the
practice of medicine in the Philippines.
SEC. 10. Act of constituting the practice of
medicine. – A person shall be considered as
engaged in the practice of medicine who shall for
compensation, fee, salary, or reward, in any form
paid to him directly or through another or even
without the same may physically examine any
person, and diagnose, treat, operate, or prescribe
any remedy for any human disease, injury,
deformity, physical, mental, physical condition, or
ailment, real or imaginary, regardless or the nature
of the remedy or treatment administered,
prescribed or recommended.
Republic Act 5181
This act prescribes permanent residence and
reciprocity as qualifications for any examinations
or registration for the practice of any profession in
the Philippines.
SEC. 1. – No person shall be allowed to practice
any profession in the Philippines unless he has
complied with the existing laws and regulations, is a
permanent resident therein for at least 3 years,
and, if he is an alien, the country of which is he is a
citizen permits Filipinos to practice their respective
profession is not limited by law to citizens of the
Philippines: provided, further, that Filipinos become
American nationals by reason of serviced in the
Armed Forces of the United States during the
Second World War and aliens who were admitted
to the practice of their profession before July 4,
1946, shall be exempted from the restriction
provided herein.
Presidential Decree 541
Allows former Filipino professionals to practice their
respective professions in the Philippines.
(Balikbayans)
1972
Page 5 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022
Republic Act 6425 known as Dangerous Drugs
Act was passed.
Article II, Section 4 states that sale,
administration, delivery, distribution, and
transportation of prohibited drugs are punishable by
law. The penalty of imprisonment ranging from 12
years and 1 day to 20 years and a fine ranging from
PHP 12,000-PHP 20,000 shall by imposed upon
any person, unless authorized by law, shall sell,
administer, deliver, give way to another, distribute,
dispatch in transit, or transport any prohibited
drugs, or shall act as broker in any of such
transactions.
SEC. 8 Possession or Use of Prohibited Drugs –
The penalty of imprisonment ranging from 6 years
and 1 day to 12 years and a fine ranging from PHP
6,000 – PHP 12,000 shall be imposed on any
person, who unless is authorized by law, shall
possess any prohibited drugs, except Indian hemp.
The penalty of imprisonment ranging from 6 months
and 1 day to 6 years and a fine ranging from PHP
600 – PHP 6,000 shall be imposed on any person
who, unless authorized by law, shall possess or
use Indian hemp.
Sec. 15
Sale, administration, dispensation, delivery,
transportation, and distribution of regulated
drugs.
The penalty of imprisonment ranging from
six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years
and a fine ranging from six thousand to twelve
thousand pesos (P6,000.00-P12,000.00) shall be
imposed upon any person, who, unless authorized
by law, shall sell, dispense, believe, transport, or
distribute any regulated drugs. In case of a
practitioner, the maximum penalty herein
prescribed and the additional penalty of revocation
of his license to practice his profession shall be
imposed.
PRESNILLA, RIVAS
Sec. 16
Possession or use of regulated drugs.
The penalty of imprisonment ranging from
six (6) months and one (1) day to four (4) years and
a fine ranging from six hundred to four thousand
(P600.00 to P4,000.00) pesos shall be imposed
upon any person who shall possess or use any
regulated drug without the corresponding license or
prescription.
Act No. 3573 in 1929
All communicable diseases shall be
reported to the nearest health station, and that any
person may be inoculated, administered, or injected
with prophylactic preparations. No persons shall
refuse as to hinder or obstruct these protective
measures deemed advisable by the Secretary of
Health or the authorized representatives.
Republic Act 1082
Approved on June 1954 and amended by
republic act 1891 on June 22, 1957 provided for the
creation of rural health units. Public health nursing
in the Philippines was in great demand particularly
in the rural areas. For this reason and to provide
these areas with competent public health nursing
service the government established rural health
units staffed with technical personnel, including
public health nurses.
As amended by R.A. 1891 June 22, 1957
the law provided for the creation of rural health
units of 8 different categories corresponding to 8
population groups of municipalities to be served.
R.A. 4405, approved on June 16, 1965 enlarged
the staff by integrating into these units the
provincial, city, and the municipal sanitary
inspector, nurses, and midwives covered by the
act.
Page 6 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022

Republic Act 6365

Republic Act 4073 Established a National Policy on Population
and created the Commission on Population
Liberalizes the treatment of leprosy. Except
(POPCOM). Among others, it empowers nurses
when the disease requires institutional treatment,
and midwives to provide, dispense and administer
no person afflicted with leprosy shall be confined in
acceptable methods of contraception after having
a leprosarium. Patients shall be treated in a
undergone training and having been granted
government skin clinic, rural health unit or by a duly
authorization by the POPCOM in
licensed physician.
consultation with the appropriate licensing bodies.

Presidential Decree 996

Requires compulsory immunization for all
children below 8 years of age against
communicable diseases. Circular No.14 of 1965
requires health examination and immunization of all
prospective grade one (I) pupils against smallpox,
diphtheria, and tuberculosis as a prerequisite for
enrolment.
Presidential Decree No. 166
Amending Presidential Decree No. 791
This decree strengthens family planning
programs through participation of private
organization and individuals in the formulation and
implementation of the program planning policies.

General Order No. 18

Presidential Decree 825
Provides penalty for improper disposal of
garbage and other forms of uncleanliness
Presidential Decree 856;
Enjoins all citizens of the Philippines,
universities, colleges, school, government offices,
mass media, voluntary and religious organizations
of all creed, business & industrial enterprises to
promote the concept of family welfare, responsible
parenthood, and family planning.

The Code of Sanitation

Provides for control of all factors in Letter of Instruction No. 47
man’s environment that affect health including the
Directs all schools of medicine, nursing,
quality of water, food, milk, control of insects,
midwifery and allied medical professions and social
animal carrier, transmitters of disease, sanitary and
work to prepare, plan and implement the integration
recreation facilities, noise, unpleasant odors and
of family planning in their curriculum and to require
control of nuisance
from their graduates sufficient appropriate licensing
examination.

Presidential Decree No. 148

Amending Republic Act 679 (Woman Department of Labor Order No. 7
and Child Labor Law) states that the employable
Requires all industrial establishments to
age shall be 16 years. This decree provides for the
provide family planning services.
minimum employable age and for privileges of
working women.
Presidential Decree No. 48

PRESNILLA, RIVAS Page 7 of 13

 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022

Limits paid maternity leave privileges to four

(4) children
Presidential Decree No. 69
Limits the number of children to four (4) for
tax exemption purposes
Presidential Decree No. 965
Requires that couples intending to get
married must first undergo a family planning and
responsible parenthood instruction prior to the
issuance of a marriage license
Republic Act No. 1054
Requires the owner, lessee, or operator of
any commercial, industrial, or agricultural
establishment to furnish free emergency, medical
and dental attendance to his employees and
laborers.
Republic Act 4226
Known as the Hospital Licensure Act
Requires all hospitals in the
Philippines to be licensed before they can offer to
serve the community. The licensing agency is the
Office for Hospital and Medical Services,
Department of Health.
Nurses working in agency with 100 bed
capacity and/ or above and are working in an area
of 1 million population are supposed to work only
forty (40) hours a week per R.A. 5901
Presidential Decree 442,
Known as the Labor Code of the
Philippines
Provides workers the right to self-
organization and collective bargaining. it promotes
the rights and welfare of workers
Presidential Decree 603
Child and Youth Welfare Code,
Protects and promotes the rights
and welfare of children and youth. Employment of
children below 16 years of age is limited two
performing light work not harmful to their safety,
health or normal development and which is not
prejudicial to their studies.
Presidential Decree 651,
Decrees the registration of birth a child
within 30 days with the Civil Registrar.
Brief History of the Philippine Nursing Law
ILO Convention No. 149
Provides for the improvement of life and work
conditions of nursing personnel,
Employees insured with GSIS and SSS are
entitled to hospitalization privileges under Program
I of Philippine Medical Care (MEDICARE) Act (R.A.
6111 of 1969). Medicare benefits of GSIS members
or their legal dependents must be filed with the
GSIS Medicare Claims Department.
Following are the features of Medicare
under Program I:
 benefits are extended only in cases of
actual confinement and hospitalization due
to illness or bodily injury
 there is freedom of choice of hospital or
physician and drugstore concerned
 benefits are paid directly to the hospital,
attending physician, and drugstore
concerned
 the member is entitled to 45 days
hospitalization per year while their legal

PRESNILLA, RIVAS Page 8 of 13

 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022
dependents are entitled to a total of 45 days
among them.
 hospitalization privileges include medical
and surgical services. Vasectomy and
caesarean section are included while
cosmetic surgery, optometric services,
psychiatry, normal delivery and diagnostic
services on an outpatient basis are not
included.
Dependent parents of single members are
given Medicare benefits if they are 60 years old and
above.
Presidential Decree 1519
Gives Medicare benefits to all government
employees regardless of status of appointment.
Retirees, regardless of age, are also entitled to
Medicare privilege by virtue of their membership in
the GSIS or SSS.
Effective January 1980, Presidential Decree No.
1636
Requires compulsory membership in the GSIS or
SSS Retirement Fund.
Presidential Decree No. 626 or the Employee
Compensation and State Insurance Fund
Provides benefits to workers covered by
SSS or GSIS for immediate injury, illness or
disabilities.
Republic Act 6675 or the Generics Act of 1988
Is an act to promote, require and ensure the
production of an adequate supply, distribution, you,
and acceptance of drugs and medicines identified
PRESNILLA, RIVAS
by their generic names. Medicine are prescribed in
generics.
Republic Act 6758
Standardize the salaries of government
employees which include the nursing personnel.
Republic Act 6713,
Known as the “Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards for Public Officials and Employees”
Upholds a time-honored principle that public
office is a public trust. Public officials and
employees shall discharge their duties with utmost
responsibility, integrity, competence and loyalty,
and shall act with patriotism and justice.
Republic Act 7160 or the Local Government
Code
Transfers responsibilities for delivery
of basic services and facilities of the national
government to local government units. This
involves devolution of powers, functions and
responsibilities to the local government both
provincial and municipal.
Magna Carta for Public Health
Workers
Another law approved by president.
Corazon C. Aquino on March 26, 1992, and
authored by Senator Edgardo Angara, is
R.A. 7305 entitled “Magna Carta for Public
Health Workers”.
 Its significant objectives are:
 to promote and improve the social and
economic well-being of health workers;
 to develop their skills and capabilities; and
 To encourage those qualified and with the
abilities to remain in government service.
Page 9 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022

later than two months before the vacancy

occurs. The appointment must be issued not
Republic Act 7600 or the Rooming-in and
later than thirty (3) days before the scheduled
Breastfeeding act of 1992
licensure examination.
Provides that babies born in private and
government hospitals should be roomed-in with
their mothers to promote breastfeeding and ensure 4. Qualifications of Board Members
safe and adequate nutrition to children. This is
4.1 Educational requirement for members of
enforced by the Milk Code (Executive Order No.
51) the Board is not limited to registered nurses
with Master’s Degree in nursing but also to
registered nurses with master’s degree in
education, or other allied medical profession
Republic Act 7432, or the Senior Citizen’s Act
provided that the Chairperson and majority of
the members are holders of a Master’s
degree in nursing.
Gives honor and justice to our people’s long
tradition of giving high regard to our elderly. It
entitles the elderly to a twenty percent (20%)
4.2 Of the ten years of continuous practice of
discount in all public establishments such as
the profession prior to appointment, the last
restaurants, pharmacies, public utility vehicles and
five (5) years must be in the Philippines. This
hospitals. It also entitles the elderly to free medical
was not specified in RA 7164.
and dental check-up and hospitalizations in all
government hospitals.
4.3 The section that states that the Board member
Republic Act 9173- Change in the Philippine
Nursing Act of 2002 from R.A. 7164, The Change in the Philippine Nursing Act of
Philippine Nursing Act of 1998, taken from the 2002
Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA
9173. must not be a green card holder (Article III. Sec. 5e
R.A. 7164) does not appear in the new law.

1. Composition of the Board of Nursing- The

Board is now composed of a Chairman and six
(6) members instead of a Chairman and four (4) 5. Powers and Duties of the board, Art. II Sec.
members. 11 added:
5.1 Adopt and regulate a Code of Ethics and Code
of Technical Standards for the practice of nursing
2. Submission of names of qualified nominees
within one year from the effectivity of this Act.
by the Accredited Professional Organization
(APO) to the Commission, three (3) nominees
per vacancy not later than three months before
the vacancy 5.2 Recognize specialty organizations in
coordination with accredited professional
organizations.
3. The Commission submits to the office of the
President two (2) nominees per vacancy not
PRESNILLA, RIVAS Page 10 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022

6. Licensure Examination and Registration 9.1 Sec. 26, Rule 1- Added: requirement for
inactive nurses returning to practice- Nurses who
6.1 Specific Dates of examination has been deleted
have not actively practiced the profession shall
(RA 7164 Sec. 14). Specific dates of examination-
undergo one (1) month of didactic training and
not earlier than one (1) month and not later than
three (3) months of practicum.
two months after the closing of each semestral
term.
9.2 Sec. 27, Qualifications of Faculty- requirement
of clinical experience in field of specification has
6.2 Specific age of applicants to take the
been reduced from three (3) years to one (1) year
examination to be at least eighteen years (18) of
in a field of specialization
age has been deleted (RA 7164 Sec. 13b).

9.3 The Dean of the College of Nursing must have

7. Ratings, Sec. 15 RA 9173
7.1 Specific number of times an examinee may
take the licensure examination has been deleted
(RA 7164 Sec. 16 3rd paragraph).
7.2 Added: Removal examination shall be taken
within two (2) years after the last failed
examination.
8. Revocation and Suspension of Certificate of
Registration
8.1 Added: Sec. 23f for violations of RA 9173, the
Implementing Rules and Regulations, the Code of
Ethics, the Code of Technical Standards for
Nursing practice, and policies of the Board and of
the Commission.
8.2 Sec. 23g. Added: For practicing the profession
during the period of suspension.
8.3 period of suspension of the certificate of
registration/ professional license not to exceed four
(4) years
9. Rule IV, Nursing Education
at least five (5) years of experience in teaching and
supervising a nursing education program. Note: An
increase from three (3) years as specified in RA
7164.
10. Rule V, Nursing Practice
10.1 Scope of Nursing- Duties and Responsibilities
of the Nurse:
Deleted: Special training in intravenous injection
Note: Nursing Service Administrators still require
formal training in this aspect for the safety of the
patient, the projection of the nurse and of the
agency/ institution where the patient is being
treated or confined.
Added: Special training for suturing the “Lacerated
Perineum” Sec 25a
Note: This is being undertaken by the Association
of Nursing Service Administrators of the Philippines
(ANSAP) with the Maternal and Child Association
of the Philippines (MCNAP).
Added: Observe the Code of Ethics and the Code
of Technical Standards for Nursing Practice.
Maintain competence through continual
professional education.

PRESNILLA, RIVAS Page 11 of 13

 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022
10.2 Qualification of Nursing Service
Administrators.
Sec. 30. Priority in Appointment
a.1 For appointment as Chief Nurse in a Public
Health Agency, priority shall be given to those who
have master’s degree in Public Health/ Community
Nursing.
a.2 For appointment as Chief Nurse in Military
Hospitals, priority shall be given to those who have
a Master’s Degree in Nursing and completion of a
General Staff Course (GSC).
11. Rule VI, Health Human Resource Production
and Utilization
Additions:
11.1 Sec. 32. Comprehensive Nursing
Specialty Program. The Board is mandated to
formulate and develop a comprehensive nursing
specialty program that would upgrade the level of
skills and competency of specialty nurse clinicians
in the country.
11.2 Sec. 33. Salary. Minimum base pay
of nurses in public health institutions shall not be
lower that the first step of hiring rate prescribed for
Salary Grade 15 pursuant to RA 6758, otherwise
known as the “Compensation and Classification Act
of 1989”. For nurses working in Local Government
Units, adjustments in salaries shall be in
accordance with Sec. 10 of the same Act.
11.3 Sec 34. Funding for the
Comprehensive Nursing Specialty Program. The
Annual financial requirement to train at least ten
(10) percent of the nursing staff of the participating
hospital shall be chargeable against the incomes of
the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes.
PRESNILLA, RIVAS
11.4 Sec 35. Incentives and Benefits.
Incentives and benefits shall be limited to non-cash
benefits such as free hospital care for nurses and
their dependents, and scholarship grants. As part of
the improved working condition of nurses, the
government and private hospitals are mandated to
maintain the standard nurse-patient ratio set by the
Department of Health
12. Rule VII. Penal and Miscellaneous
Provisions.
12.1 Penalty for violation of this Act in
fines has been increased (from not less than ten
(10) thousand pesos) nor more than forty thousand
pesos (40,000) as specified in RA 7164) to not less
than fifty thousand pesos (50,000) nor more than
one hundred thousand pesos (100,000)
Imprisonment of not less than one (1) year
nor more than five (5) years from RA 7164
increased from not less than one (1) year or more
than six (6) years, or both fine and imprisonment
upon the discretion of the Board.
PRC Resolution No. 2004-17 Series of 2004
Re- implemented continuing Professional
Education requiring sixty (60) credit units for three
years for professionals with bachelor’s degree. Any
excess units cannot be carried on to the next three-
year period except for units earned for doctoral and
master’s degrees.
The total CPE units for registered
professionals without baccalaureate degrees shall
be thirty (30) units for three (3) years. Any excess
units cannot be carried on to the next three-year
period.
PRC Board of Nursing Resolution No. 14 Feb. 8,
1999
Page 12 of 13
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week #2
TOPIC
Mr. Andre Carlo De Veyra | March 25, 2022

Promulgated the guidelines for the CHED Memorandum Order No. 13

implementation of a Specialty Certification.
Series prohibits higher education institutions
from forcing their students and graduating students
to enrol in their own review centers and/ or review
centers of their own preference.
PRC Board Resolution No. 2003-166
Amended the filing of application of various
licensure examinations in the regional offices from
twenty (20) days to thirty (30) days before the first
day of examination to give sufficient time for the
Boards in Charge in the Central Office to tally the
report, review the qualifications, check the
completeness and accuracy of the documents
thereby ensuring strict compliance with the “no END OF TRANSCRIPTION
deferent” policy.

PRC Board of Nursing Resolution No, 2004-200

series of 2004
Requires applicants in the licensure
examination to submit transcript of records with
scanned pictures and with the remarks “For Board
Examination Purposes only.”

PRC Resolution No. 2004-189 series of 2004

Forfeits the examination fees paid by the
examinee who failed to report and take the
examination.

Executive Order No. 566 Sept. 8, 2006

Directs the Commission on Higher Education to
regulate the establishment and operation of review
centers and similar entities.

CHED Memorandum Order No. 49 series of 2006

Implements the rules and regulations
governing the operation of review centers pursuant
to Executive Order 266.

PRESNILLA, RIVAS Page 13 of 13

 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week # 2
LEGAL ASPECTS AND THE NURSE
SIR ANDRE DE VEYRA | MARCH 25, 2022

OUTLINE: Incident reports- clarify cause and preventive actions, and

I. Contract are used for medico-legal purposes.
A. Subheading 1  Never delegate ATE (Assessment, Teaching,
B. Subheading 2 Evaluation)
II. HEADING 2
A. Subheading 1 SPECIFIC EXAMPLES Of NEGLIGENCE
B. Subheading 2 1. Failure to report observations to attending
III. REFERENCES physicians.
IV. ABBREVIATIONS 2. Failure to exercise the degree of diligence which the
V. APPENDIX circumstances of the particular case demands.
3. Mistaken identity.
LEGEND:
Black for PowerPoint, red for audio lecture, blue for book
o Best way to check identity:
(1) Wrist band
(2) Ask the patient to state his name
LEGAL ASPECTS AND THE NURSE 4. Wrong medicine, wrong concentration, wrong route,
 Nurse needs not be afraid of laws wrong dose.
5. Defects in the equipment such as stretchers and
PROFESSIONAL NEGLIGENCE wheelchairs may lead to falls thus injuring the
 Negligence- refers to the commission or omission of patients.
an act, pursuant to a duty, that a reasonably prudent 6. Errors due to family assistance.
person in the same or similar circumstance would or 7. Administration of medicine without a doctor's
would not do, and acting or the non-acting of which prescription.
is the proximate cause of injury to another person or
his property. THE DOCTRINE OF RES IPSA LOQUITUR
 Res Ipsa Loquitur means "the thing speaks for
Elements of Professional Negligence itself." This means that the injury could not have
1. existence of a duty on the part of the person charged happened if someone was not negligent and that no
to use due further proof is required.
2. care under circumstances
3. failure to meet the standard of due care 3 Conditions to establish a defendant's negligence
4. the foreseeability of harm resulting from failure to without proving specific conduct
meet the standard 1. that the injury was of such nature that it would not
5. the fact that the breach of this standard resulted in normally occur unless there was a negligent act on
an injury to the plaintiff. the part of someone;
2. that the injury was caused by an agency within
Article 19 of the Civil Code states that one shall act with control of the defendant; and
justice, give every man his due, observe honesty and good 3. that the plaintiff himself did not engage in any
faith. manner that would tend to bring about the injury
Article 20 states that those who, in the performance of their
obligations through negligence cause any injury to another, MALPRACTICE
are liable for damages.  Malpractice implies the idea of improper or unskillful
care of a patient by a nurse.
Common acts of negligence  stepping beyond one's authority with serious
 burns resulting from hot water bags heat lamps, consequences.
vaporizers, sitz bath  term for negligence or carelessness of professional
 objects left inside the patient's body such as personnel.
sponges, suctions tips, loose dentures lodged the
patient's trachea DOCTRINE OF FORCE MAJEURE
 falls of the elderly, confused, unconscious, sedated  The term “force majeure” means an irresistible
patients, or those who are not fully recovered from force, one that is unforeseen or inevitable.
anesthesia  Under the Civil Code of the Philippines, no person
 falls of children whose side rails of beds were not shall be responsible for those events which cannot
pulled up and locked; and be foreseen, or which, though foreseen, are
 failure to observe and take appropriate action as
inevitable, except in cases expressly specified by
needed.
law.

ROSOLADA & SERRANO – GROUP H Page 1 of 3

 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week # 2
LEGAL ASPECTS AND THE NURSE
SIR ANDRE DE VEYRA | MARCH 25, 2022
o Circumstances such as floods, fire, earthquakes,
and accidents
DOCTRINE OF RESPONDEAT SUPERIOR
 The term means "let the master answer for the acts
of the subordinate."
 The liability is expanded to include the master as well
as the employee and not a shift of liability from the
subordinate to the master.
 This doctrine applies only to those actions performed
by the employee within the scope of his
employment.
INCOMPETENCE
 The lack of ability, or legal qualifications and being
unfit to discharge the required duty."
LIABILITY OF NURSES FOR THE WORK OF
NURSING AIDES
 Nursing aides perform selected nursing activities
under the direct supervision of nurses.
 They are usually given on-the-job training by the
Training Staff.
 Responsibilities usually pertain to the routine care of
chronically ill patients. They are therefore
responsible for their own actions
LABILITY FOR THE WORK OF NURSING STUDENTS
 Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 R.A. 9173- nursing
students do not perform professional nursing duties.
They are to be supervised by their Clinical
Instructors.
 In order that the errors committed by nursing
students will be avoided and/or minimized, the
following measures should be taken:
1. Nursing students should always be under the
supervision of their Clinical Instructors.
2. They should be given assignments that are at
their level of training, experience, and
competency.
3. They should be advised to seek guidance
especially if they are performing a procedure for
the first time.
4. They should be oriented to the policies of the
nursing unit where they are assigned.
5. Their performance should be assessed
frequently to determine their strengths and
weaknesses.
6. Frequent conferences with the students will
reveal their problems which they may want to
bring to the attention of their instructors or vice-
versa. Discussion of these problems will iron out
doubts and possible solutions may be provided.
ROSOLADA & SERRANO – GROUP H
LEGAL DEFENSE IN NEGLIGENCE
 The most common defense in a negligent action is
when nurses know and attain that standard of care
in giving service and that they have documented the
care they give in a concise and accurate manner.
 If the patient's careless conduct contributes to his
own injury, the patient cannot bring suit against the
nurse.
 Unless, the nurse has expressly given advanced
consent in performing a duty that involves risk, the
nurse cannot bring suit against the patient if she gets
hurts or contracts the disease.
ADVOCACY
 Advocacy is helping others to grow and self-
actualize by informing them of their rights.
 The Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses, Art. Ill
(Registered Nurses and Practice) Sec. 8 (Ethical
Principle) and Sec. 9 (Guidelines to be Observed)
state that:
1. Registered nurses are the advocates of the
patients.
2. Nurses should be able to advocate for
themselves and the profession with regard to
[Art. VI (Registered Nurses and the Profession)]
MEDICAL ORDERS, DRUGS, AND MEDICATIONS
Republic Act 6675
 only validly registered medical, dental, and
veterinary practitioners, whether in private institution/
corporation or in the government, are authorized to
prescribe drugs.
 requires that the drugs be written in their generic
names.
R.A. 2832 or the Medical Act of 1959, R.A, 4419 or
the Dental Act, and R.A. 382 or the Veterinary Act
 Prescriptions made by unauthorized persons
constitute illegal practice of medicine, dentistry or
veterinary medicine and is punishable under this
law.
R.A. 5921,19 or the Pharmacy Act
 All prescriptions must contain the following
information:
o name of the prescriber
o office address
o professional registration number
o professional tax receipt number
o patient's/client's name age and sex.
To safely and effectively carry out the
administration of drugs:
 nurse must see to it that she understands the action
of a drug
Page 2 of 3
 NCM 103 FUNDAMENTALS IN NURSING PRACTICE I Week # 2
LEGAL ASPECTS AND THE NURSE
SIR ANDRE DE VEYRA | MARCH 25, 2022

 its minimum and maximum dosages

 route of administration
 untoward effects so that she may skillfully, safely,
and effectively carry them out.

INTRAVENOUS THERAPY AND LEGAL

IMPLICATIONS
 Nurses must remember that their legal right to give
intravenous injection is based on the Philippine
Nursing Act of 1991 Section 28
o in the administration of intravenous injections,
special training shall be required according to
protocol established.
o Nurses have to undertake a certified training
course on intravenous therapy.
 Board of Nursing Resolution No. 8- any registered
nurse without such training and who administers
intravenous injections to patients, shall be held
liable, either criminally under Sec. 30 (c) Art. VIl of
said law or administratively under Sec. 21 Art. Ill or
both (whether causing or not an injury or death to the
patient).
 Before the administration of blood transfusion, the
Resident on Duty, the Head Nurse or Senior Nurse,
and the Staff Nurse should check that the blood is of
the correct type and is properly crossmatched. They
should sign their names as they attest to these

TELEPHONE ORDERS
 There are legal risks in telephone orders:
o These may be misunderstood or misinterpreted
by the receiving nurse.
o Messages from telephones may sound unclear
or garbled
o Trouble in the telephone lines or
mispronunciation of words by the caller.
o Most importantly the handwriting of the physician
may be illegible, his signature is not present and
this order may later be denied in case errors
happen or court litigations arise.
 Doctors should limit telephone orders to extreme
emergency situations where there is no alternative.
 Only in an extreme emergency and when no other
resident or an intern is available should a nurse
receive telephone orders.
 It is in the interest of safety that only those who have
more experience and a greater knowledge of drugs
should receive the order.

END OF TRANSCRIPTION

REFERENCES
 Professional Nursing in the Philippines, 12 th edition,
Chapter 12 pg. 169-184

ROSOLADA & SERRANO – GROUP H Page 3 of 3