ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT

LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA

1

Introduction

Barangay peacekeeping action teams are one of the prime movers in maintaining

peace and order in every barangay in the country since police are not omnipresent at the

same time (Vicente 2019). The Barangay Peacekeeping Operations, BPO, and its

implementers, the Barangay Peacekeeping Action Teams (BPAT) were conceived to

address concerns on peace, order, and safety at the grassroots level, the barangay

(Caliguid, 2019). This way, it will create an impact on the lives of our citizens on a real-

time basis to be enjoyed by the smallest but the most important group of our community,

the Filipino Family (Demeter, M., 2022). Barangay Peacemaking Action Team (BPAT)

has been created to provide better police services to the community and a catch-all anti-

crime strategy that seeks to empower all stakeholders to share the responsibility of

peacekeeping and order maintenance towards self-policing (Aydinan, 2021).

In the Philippine setting, Barangays serve as the smallest administrative region,

governed by one leader, the Barangay Chairman (according to the law)/Barangay

Chairperson (GAD Advocates)/Barangay Captain (street term) (Viray, 2021). The

Punong Barangay (Barangay Chairperson) plays a vital role in preparing and executing

government policies, initiatives, and services for the citizens (Flores, 2019). The

Barangay Captain serves as the administrator of one barangay, with the help of barangay

councilors, his primary duty is to control the peace, order, and security of his or her area

of jurisdiction (Antonio, 2020). However, such a position is still a tremendously heavy

obligation to be carried by the shoulder of only one person, this is because of the

considerable number of families within the barangay and the vastness of its territory
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
2

(Goldstein, 2020). To make the performance of such obligation more efficient, the

Barangay Captain has the power to appoint barangay police officers or barangay

peacekeeping action team to screen the peripheries of “Puroks” or zones of the entire

barangay and to extend the barangay services, particularly in maintaining peace, security,

and order, through crime responding, patrolling, and hazard identification (Gapangada,

2018).

A community is a formed society of individuals with shared commonalities and

differences in their values, beliefs, culture, traditions, etc., being part of a community

creates connection and communication, builds relationships, forms a kind of social

system, and provides essentials for everyday life. Mainly, every individual wishes to live

in a neighborhood in which they may establish their own home and raise a family in the

future. When people choose a place to live, they consider a variety of factors, including

the ideal community's ability to achieve specific conditions that fit their lifestyle.

Nowadays, individuals prefer to settle in areas where they can achieve a peaceful life.

Living in harmony with their neighbors, having a quiet surrounding, and having a child-

friendly environment all provide benefits not only for the residents but for the entire

community (Mondal, 2018).

It was stated that a community is a group of individuals within a specific

geographic area who exhibit some degree of mutual identification, interdependence, or

activity organization. (Stanford et. al 2018) In the context of the Philippines, usually, a

community of individuals and families resides in a place or area that is called a

“Barangay” as the smallest political subdivision. Thus, this makes up each municipality
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
3

or city. It is a government unit composed of “Punong Barangay”, or chief executive is

elected, as are the “Sangguniang Barangay members”, commonly known as Kagawads,

and the Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman. The Lupong Tagapamayapa members,

barangay Tanods, barangay Secretary, and barangay Treasurer serve as the appointment

officers.

In the Philippines, a barangay is a small community, a basic political entity, and

is charged with maintaining law and order. Republic Act No. 7160 of the The Local

Government Code of 1991, states that the barangay's responsibility is to maintain law and

order within the barangay. According to the Department of Interior and Local

Government Memorandum (DILG) Circular 2003-42, which elevates these The Barangay

Service Point Officers (BSPOs) maintain law and order along with the public's awareness

of public safety. Within the barangay, the peace and order committee, which is led by the

Pudong barangay, with assistance from the barangay tanods, is responsible for

maintaining peace and order.

Statement of the Problem

This study determined the effectiveness of Barangay Tanods in maintaining peace

and order in the Barangay Palat.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions;

1. How may the respondents be described in terms of:

1.1 Sex
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
4

2. How do specific actions and initiatives undertaken by barangay officials

correlate with the level of peace and order in Barangay Palat, Porac,

Pampanga, as quantified through statistical analysis?

3. What are the measurable indicators of the effectiveness of barangay officials

in maintaining peace and order in Barangay Palat, Porac, Pampanga?

Significance of the Study

Barangay Officials. They will have a better understanding of their significance in

the community, particularly in the upkeep of peace and order in Barangay Palat, thanks to

this study.

Community. Their understanding of their duties as citizens of the nation will be

strengthened by this study, which will also keep them focused on maintaining peace and

order.

Learners. They will gain concepts or information about law and order from it.

Future Researchers. This will provide them with the necessary information and

cutting-edge wisdom for improved comprehension, ideas, guidelines, and direction on the

topic.

Scope and Delimitations

The scope of the quantitative research on the assessment of the peace and order

maintenance management level of barangay officials in Palat, Porac, Pampanga should

focus on assessing the roles, responsibilities, and awareness levels of barangay officials
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
5

in addressing peace and order issues within their jurisdiction. This includes examining

the extent to which barangay officials understand their duties as outlined in relevant

legislation, such as Republic Act 7160, and their ability to independently address

community concerns without undue influence from higher government bodies.

Delimitations could involve specifying the timeframe of the study, the specific

aspects of peace and order to be evaluated (e.g., crime rates, community policing

initiatives), and any constraints related to data availability or access to information on the

performance of barangay officials

Definitions of Terms

The following terms used in this study were defined in the purpose of better

understanding and clarity in the context of the research.

Barangay Officials. are local government leaders responsible for maintaining

public order, enforcing laws, and promoting the general welfare of the community at the

grassroots level. They play a crucial role in governance and are tasked with resolving

disputes, overseeing community development, and ensuring the well-being of residents

within their barangay

Maintenance Management. are local government leaders responsible for

maintaining public order, enforcing laws, and promoting the general welfare of the

community at the grassroots level. They play a crucial role in governance and are tasked

with resolving disputes, overseeing community development, and ensuring the well-being

of residents within their barangay

ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
6

Peace and Order. The maintenance of peace and order is a shared responsibility

between national and local governments to ensure community safety and development.

Punong Barangay. The chief executive of the barangay has various duties such

as presiding over sessions, appointing officials, organizing emergency groups, and

maintaining peace and order

Sangguniang Barangay Members. Assist the Punong Barangay, act as peace

officers, and perform duties delegated by the Punong Barangay

Conceptual Framework
 Demographic  Getting a permission to  Recommendatio
profile of the the Barangay captain of ns for improving
Input Process Output
respondents Barangay Palat peace and order
 Assessment of  Giving out a survey management
the management questions to the based on the
level of peace residence of Barangay research findings
and order of the Palat  Dissemination of
Barangay  Statistical test to the report to the
officials in examine the level of panelists
Barangay Palat management of peace
and order of Barangay
Palat

Research Hypothesis

Research Hypothesis

Main Hypothesis:
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
7

H1: There is a significant relationship between the resources allocated for peace

and order maintenance and the overall management level of barangay officials in Palat,

Porac, Pampanga.

Methodology

Research Design

The researchers used a design for their study that was based on descriptive

research. Descriptive research is used to obtain information concerning the current status

of a phenomenon to describe "what exists" with respect to variables or conditions in a

situation. A descriptive study describes and interprets what it is. It is concerned with the

relationships or conditions that exist, opinions that are held, processes that are going on,

effects that are evident, and trends that are developing. It is primarily concerned with the

present, although it often considers past events and influence as they relate to present

conditions (Best, 2018).

Sampling

In this study, stratified random sampling was used. According to Neuman (2006),

stratified random sampling as a method used to improve the representativeness of the

sample by dividing the population into distinct subgroups or strata. Samples are then

randomly selected from each stratum, ensuring that the characteristics of interest are

represented proportionally in the final sample. The quantitative research on the

assessment of the peace and order maintenance management level of barangay officials in

Palat, Porac, and Pampanga will employ a sampling plan designed to ensure
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
8

representative and reliable data collection. The population of interest comprises residents

of Barangay Palat in the specified locality. Utilizing a simple random sampling

technique, a sample size of 25 respondents.

Research Instrument

The researchers used a survey questionnaire in which the respondents answered

through their attitudes towards speaking English. In the survey questionnaire for each

question, there were four possible answers: strongly agree, agree, neutral, or strongly

disagree. Strongly agreeing means you are more agreeable with the question you read. I

agree that you are agreeing with the question you have read. Neutral is having mixed

emotions or not being sure about the question you have read. Strongly disagreeing is

when you’re not totally agreeing with the questions you have read. Disagreement is when

you are not agreeing with the question you have read. The respondents will only check

their answers based on their experiences.

Data Collection Procedure

Using stratified random sampling, the researchers selected study respondents after

creating the research instrument. Twenty-five (25) respondents were chosen at random by

the researchers for the study in Barangay Palat. After that, the respondents received the

forms from the researchers so they could complete the survey and the researchers

performed the survey. The researchers assisted the respondents during the administration

procedure, translating and explaining anything that the respondents didn't grasp
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
9

adequately in English. The data that the researchers had collected was then examined

using a tally. The information obtained from the survey was handled with extreme

confidentially and will only be utilized for teaching.

Data Analysis

The data that has been collected from the survey was interpreted using

percentages to determine the level of maintenance management for the peace and order of

barangay officials.

Ethical Considerations

In conducting the study, several ethical considerations have been addressed to

ensure the rights and well-being of respondents and the integrity of the research. Firstly,

informed consent was obtained from all respondents, clarifying the purpose of the study,

the voluntary nature of respondents, and any potential risks or benefits involved.

Confidentiality measures have been implemented to safeguard the privacy of

respondents, ensuring that their responses are anonymized and only accessible to

authorized personnel. Moreover, researchers have maintained impartiality and avoided

bias in data collection, analysis, and interpretation to uphold the study's validity and

credibility. It's crucial to prioritize the welfare of respondents throughout the research

process, adhering to ethical guidelines and seeking institutional approval if necessary.

Additionally, any conflicts of interest or potential sources of coercion have been

identified and mitigated to ensure the autonomy and integrity of the research endeavor.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
10

Finally, researchers have considered the cultural sensitivity of the study context,

respecting local norms and customs to foster trust and cooperation within the community.

By addressing these ethical considerations, the study can uphold ethical standards and

contribute meaningfully to the advancement of knowledge in the field of peace and order

maintenance management.

Results and Discussions

Before the research started, we created a letter to have consent to gather a survey

questionnaire on the residence in Baragay Palat as a respondent, and after we gathered

our survey questionnaire, we tallied their answers and started to solve. As shown in this

study, the researcher aimed to determine the level of management of peace and order

maintenance.

Table 1.1: Gender of the Respondents

Gender Frequency Total

Male 12 48%

Female 13 52%

Total 25 100%

Table 1.2 presents the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of their

gender. The result shows that 48% of the respondents are female and another 52% are

male respondents.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
11

Table 2: How do specific actions and initiatives undertaken by barangay officials

correlate with the level of peace and order in Barangay Palat, Porac, Pampanga, as

quantified through statistical analysis?

Questions Mean Interpretation SD Interpretation

Have you noticed any specific 3.36 STRONGLY 3.0724 STRONGLY

actions or initiatives AGREE AGREE

undertaken by barangay

officials in Barangay Palat,

Porac, Pampanga, aimed at

maintaining peace and order?

Do you believe that the 3.8 STRONGLY 3.4641 STRONGLY

actions and initiatives AGREE AGREE

undertaken by barangay

officials have positively

influenced the level of peace

and order in Barangay Palat,

Porac, Pampanga?

Have you observed any 3.4 STRONGLY 3.033 STRONGLY

measurable indicators of the AGREE AGREE

effectiveness of barangay
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
12

officials in maintaining peace

and order in Barangay Palat,

Porac, Pampanga?

Do you think that statistical 3.76 STRONGLY 3.4525 STRONGLY

analysis can accurately reflect AGREE AGREE

the correlation between the

actions and initiatives of

barangay officials and the

level of peace and order in

Barangay Palat, Porac,

Pampanga?

Are you aware of any 3.16 STRONGLY 2.9393 STRONGLY

statistical data or reports AGREE AGREE

regarding the peace and order

situation in Barangay Palat,

Porac, Pampanga, collected

by barangay officials?

Do you believe that statistical 3.92 STRONGLY 3.6769 STRONGLY

analysis is an appropriate AGREE AGREE

method for assessing the

effectiveness of barangay

officials in maintaining peace

ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
13

and order?

Have you personally 3.96 STRONGLY 3.6221 STRONGLY

experienced any AGREE AGREE

improvements in the peace

and order situation in

Barangay Palat, Porac,

Pampanga, as a result of the

actions or initiatives of

barangay officials?

Do you think that barangay 3.92 STRONGLY 3.5888 STRONGLY

officials in Barangay Palat, AGREE AGREE

Porac, Pampanga, are

proactive in addressing peace

and order issues?

Have you witnessed any 3.8 STRONGLY 3.440 STRONGLY

collaboration or partnership AGREE AGREE

between barangay officials

and local law enforcement

agencies to address peace and

order concerns in Barangay

Palat, Porac, Pampanga?

In your opinion, do you 3.84 STRONGLY 3.4985 STRONGLY

believe that the barangay

ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
14

officials in Barangay Palat, AGREE AGREE

Porac, Pampanga, prioritize

peace and order maintenance

as one of their primary

responsibilities?

GWN= STRONGLY GSD= STRONGLY

3.692 AGREE 3.3789 AGREE

In this table, the quantitative research findings shed light on how the people of Barangay

Palat, Porac, Pampanga, truly feel about their barangay officials' efforts in keeping their

community safe and orderly. It's not just numbers; it's a testament to the hard work and

dedication of these officials who are committed to making a positive impact. The

respondents strongly agree that they've noticed tangible actions taken by these officials,

and they genuinely believe that these efforts have made a difference in their daily lives.

It's like a nod of approval from the community, acknowledging the earnestness of their

leaders. Moreover, their trust in statistical analysis reflects a desire for transparency and

accountability, showing that they want to understand and be part of the process. These

findings aren't just about statistics; they represent the voices of the people who feel safer

and more secure because of the proactive measures taken by their barangay officials.

The quantitative research findings provide valuable insights into the perceptions

and experiences of the residents of Barangay Palat, Porac, Pampanga, regarding the

effectiveness of their barangay officials in maintaining peace and order. The responses
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
15

indicate a strong consensus among respondents, with a majority strongly agreeing to

various statements related to the actions and initiatives undertaken by barangay officials.

Specifically, respondents strongly agree that they have noticed specific actions aimed at

maintaining peace and order, such as initiatives and collaborations with law enforcement

agencies. Furthermore, there is a notable belief among respondents that these actions

have positively influenced the overall level of peace and order within the barangay, with

many expressing personal experiences of improvements in the community's safety and

security.

Additionally, the findings highlight a high level of trust in statistical analysis as a

means of assessing the effectiveness of barangay officials. Respondents strongly agree

that statistical analysis can accurately reflect the correlation between the officials' actions

and the level of peace and order, indicating a desire for objective and data-driven

approaches to governance and community management. Moreover, the respondents'

awareness of statistical data and reports collected by barangay officials suggests an

informed and engaged community that values transparency and accountability in

decision-making processes.

Overall, these findings underscore the importance of proactive and collaborative

efforts by barangay officials in addressing peace and order concerns, as well as the

significance of utilizing evidence-based approaches to assess and improve the

effectiveness of governance initiatives. The strong agreement among respondents reflects

a sense of trust and satisfaction in the leadership of their barangay officials, contributing

to a sense of security and well-being within the community.

ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
16

Conclusion

In this conclusion, the quantitative research findings from Barangay Palat, Porac,

Pampanga, illuminate a strong and affirmative sentiment regarding the efforts of

barangay officials in maintaining peace and order within the community. These findings

not only depict numerical data but also offer a profound insight into the collective

perception and experiences of the residents. The respondents overwhelmingly

acknowledge and commend the tangible actions and initiatives undertaken by their

barangay officials, expressing a genuine belief in their positive impact on daily life.

Moreover, there's a notable inclination towards trust in statistical analysis, indicating a

desire for transparency and accountability in governance processes.

The findings underscore the proactive stance of barangay officials in addressing

peace and order issues, alongside a collaborative spirit evidenced by partnerships with

law enforcement agencies. Furthermore, the community's belief in the prioritization of

peace and order maintenance by their officials reflects a strong sense of trust and

satisfaction in their leadership. Overall, these findings not only validate the efforts of

barangay officials but also signify a community that feels safer and more secure, thanks

to the dedicated endeavors of their leaders.

Recommendations
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
17

Based on the quantitative research findings, it is recommended that barangay

officials in Barangay Palat, Porac, Pampanga, prioritize continuous community

engagement to ensure their actions align with residents' needs and expectations. This

could involve regular town hall meetings and community surveys to gather feedback and

address concerns transparently. Additionally, officials should focus on enhancing their

data collection and analytical capabilities to inform evidence-based policymaking and

resource allocation, thereby improving the effectiveness of their initiatives.

Strengthening partnerships with local law enforcement agencies is essential for

coordinated responses to peace and order concerns, while capacity building initiatives

and training programs can empower officials with the necessary skills to address complex

security challenges. Furthermore, promoting civic participation and volunteerism within

the community can foster a sense of ownership and responsibility for maintaining peace

and order. By implementing these recommendations, barangay officials can enhance their

efforts to create a safer and more secure environment for all residents of Barangay Palat,

Porac, Pampanga.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
18

References

Antonio, L. (2020). Enhancing Barangay Justice System Through the

Development of a Web-Based Crime Monitoring Module. Available at SSRN 3642023.

Aydinan, J. J. B. (2021). Determinant Mapping on the Knowledge of Barangay

Police Safety Officers on Their Duties and Responsibilities in San Roque, San Isidro,

Nueva Ecija: A Basis for Re-Engineering Action Programs through Suc Intervention.

Open Access Library Journal, 8(10), 1-17. Retrieved April 19, 2023, from

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?

hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=BARANANGAY+TANOD+ASSIST+IN+ACTIVITIS+AND

+PROGRAM&btnG=

Caliguid, R. L., Nalla, C. G., Paquera, R. S., Perez, R. N., & Callora, L. U.

(2019). The Effectiveness of Barangay Peacekeeping Action in Nasipit Agusan del Norte,

Philippines. SMCC Higher Education Research Journal (Criminal Justice), 2(1), 1-1.

Felson, M., & Boba, R. L. (Eds.).(2017). Crime and everyday life. SAGE.

Flores, R. R. (2019, November). Assessment of Selected Barangays in Makati

City Towards Improved Barangay Governance. In IAPA Proceedings Conference (pp.

141-167).
ASSESSMENT OF THE PEACE AND ORDER MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
LEVEL OF BARANGAY OFFICIALS IN PALAT, PORAC, PAMPANGA
19

Gapangada, A. B. (2018). An Assessment of the Role of Barangay Tanods in

Mainstreaming Peace and Order. National Defense College of the Philippines, Manila.

Retrieved from http://www.ndcp.edu.ph/index.php/library/thesis-1654.

Goldstein, H. C. (2020). Problem-Oriented Policing. New York: McGraw Hill,

Inc.
Vicente, J. B. (2019). Preventing and countering violent extremism programs of

highlyurbanized city police in the Philippines: An assessment. International Journal of

Advanced Research in Management and Social Science.Volume 8. No. 10. ISSN: 2278-

623, 57-112.

Viray, M. C., & Wekke, I. S. (2021). Effective Operations and Advantages of

Barangay Officials In The Philippines: The Case of Bayugan City, Agusan Del Sur.

JIRAN: Journal of Southeast Asia Studies, 2(3).