Narmer American College

British Middle School English Department

Term 2

Year 8

Writing Pack
 Narmer American College
British Middle School English Department

ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING

FEATURES
1. Present tense
2. Third Person
3. Connectives: Therefore/In addition, However, On the other hand, as a result,
consequently, despite
4. Formal language/ Passive voice
5. Factual information and logical reasoning
6. Even argument
7. Counterargument / rebuttal

Argumentative Essay Writing Frame

Graphic organizer

Introduction Hook: question, shocking fact, statistic

Background information: show both sides of the argument

Thesis: show both opinions on the topic + reasons (claims)

Body 1: Topic sentence: main idea (reason 1)

Argument ‘for’
Evidence: examples, explanation, facts, statistics, expert opinion, study,
testimonial

Techniques: appeals, imperative, conditional, rule of three, repetition,

figurative language, rhetorical question, exclamation, humor, exaggeration

Concluding sentence: wrap up main idea

Body 2: Topic sentence: main idea (reason 2)

Argument ‘for’
Evidence: examples, explanation, facts, statistics, expert opinion, study,
testimonial

Techniques: appeals, imperative, conditional, rule of three, repetition,

figurative language, rhetorical question, exclamation, humor, exaggeration
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British Middle School English Department

Concluding sentence: wrap up main idea

Body 3: Topic sentence: rebuttal of main idea (reason 1)

Argument ‘against’
Evidence: examples, explanation, facts, statistics, expert opinion, study,
testimonial

Techniques: appeals, imperative, conditional, rule of three, repetition,

figurative language, rhetorical question, exclamation, humor, exaggeration

Concluding sentence: wrap up main idea

Body 4: Topic sentence: rebuttal of main idea (reason 2)

Argument ‘against’
Evidence: examples, explanation, facts, statistics, expert opinion, study,
testimonial

Techniques: appeals (ethos and logos), conditional, rule of three, rhetorical

question

Concluding sentence: wrap up main idea

Conclusion Restatement of thesis: (paraphrase)

Summary of main ideas: repeat topic sentences in other words

Recommendation: make a suggestion of an action plan or what you want

readers to do
 Narmer American College
British Middle School English Department

ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING SAMPLE

Should Companies Invest in Manpower over Autonomous Machines?

In today's rapidly evolving world, the integration of autonomous machines in the workplace has
sparked a heated debate on whether companies should prioritize investing in manpower or rely
on autonomous machines for their operations. Autonomous machines have a significant impact
on how companies invest in human labor and the efficiency of work processes.

Many argue that the rise of autonomous machines has led to significant job losses in various
industries, particularly in manufacturing. Studies have shown that the use of robots has resulted
in the displacement of millions of jobs, leaving many workers struggling to find new
employment opportunities. According to a report by the National Bureau of Economic Research,
every robot that replaces a human worker leads to a net loss of 1.6 jobs. This means that for
every 10 robots introduced into the workforce, 16 jobs are lost. This trend has fueled calls for
companies to prioritize hiring human workers over relying solely on autonomous machines.

In addition, critics argue that the implementation of autonomous machines can have negative
repercussions, such as safety concerns in the workplace. Despite advancements in technology,
robots are still vulnerable to malfunctions and errors that can pose risks to human workers. The
potential for accidents and injuries highlights the importance of maintaining a balance between
autonomous machines and human oversight to ensure a safe working environment.

However, proponents of autonomous machines argue that these technologies have the potential
to create new types of jobs and improve overall efficiency in industries. They suggest that while
certain traditional roles may be eliminated due to automation, new positions requiring human
oversight and technical skills are emerging. For instance, the maintenance and programming of
these autonomous machines require skilled workers who can adapt to the changing technological
landscape. Furthermore, the use of robots can enhance productivity and output, leading to
economic growth and the creation of different job opportunities that align with evolving industry
needs.

On the other hand, supporters of autonomous machines emphasize the potential for increased
efficiency and cost savings. By automating tasks that were once performed manually, companies
can streamline their operations and boost their overall productivity by 40%. Additionally, the use
of autonomous machines can lead to fewer errors and increased meticulousness in tasks that
require a high level of accuracy.

In conclusion, the debate between investing in manpower versus autonomous machines is

complex and multifaceted. While autonomous machines offer undeniable benefits in terms of
efficiency and productivity, the social, economic, and safety implications must be carefully.
 Narmer American College
British Middle School English Department

INCIDENT REPORT WRITING

FEATURES:

1. Past tense
2. Third person
3. Catchy headline
4. Byline
5. Lead
6. Eye witness report
7. Direct/indirect speeches
8. Expert opinion
9. Pictures and caption

Writing Frame

Incident Report Graphic Organizer (Writing frame)

Headline:

Byline: name and profession or title

1st Paragraph
Lead: the first line that grabs attention (Not a long
paragraph) It answers the 4 Ws (where, when, what, who)
with no articles (a, an, the) reporting style.
E.g. MAADI, SATURDAY 6 P.M., boy gets hit by car. Driver
escapes scene of crime.

Briefly explain the event.

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British Middle School English Department

2nd Paragraph Why? and How?

It answers the questions of why and how. Provide details that clearly explain the how and why of the
event. Create statements from people directly involved. (quotes)

Detail 1:

Quotation 1:

Detail 2:

Quotation 2:

Detail 3:

3rd paragraph:
Include eye-witness reports and expert opinions.
2 direct speech quotes and 2 reported speech quotes.
Also include expert opinion.

4th paragraph
Concluding statement: What were the results? What may happen in the future?
 Narmer American College
British Middle School English Department

SCIENCE FICTION WRITING

FEATURES:
1. Space Exploration
2. Futuristic Gadgets
3. Extraterrestrial life
4. Time travel and Parallel Universes
5. Speculative Scientific Theories

MYTHS AND LEGENDS WRITING

FEATURES

1- Gods and demi-gods.

2- Ancient settings.
3- Hero’s quest (feat)
4- A gift from the gods.
5- Magical powers.
6- Magical creatures.
7- Contains elements of truth.
8- Can be based on historic facts
e.g. the founding of the city of Rome was told as the myth of Romulus and Remus, who were
nurtured in infancy by a she-wolf.
9- Can be about the spiritual beliefs of a culture
e.g. the story of the Rainbow Serpent arises from the Australian Aboriginal peoples’ belief in the
fundamental role of water in sustaining life
 Narmer American College
British Middle School English Department

MYTHS AND LEGENDS WRITING SAMPLE

Jupiter and His Mighty Company
A long time ago, when the world was much younger than it is now, people told and believed a
great many wonderful stories about wonderful things which neither you nor I have ever seen.
They often talked about a certain Mighty Being called Jupiter, or Zeus, who was king of the sky
and the earth;1 and they said that he sat most of the time amid the clouds on the top of a very
high mountain where he could look down and see everything that was going on in the earth
beneath. He liked to ride on the storm-clouds and hurl burning thunderbolts right and left among
the trees and rocks; and he was so very, very mighty that when he nodded, the earth quaked, the
mountains trembled and smoked, the sky grew black, and the sun hid his face.
Jupiter had two brothers, both of them terrible fellows, but not nearly so great as himself. The
name of one of them was Neptune, or Poseidon, and he was the king of the sea. He had a
glittering, golden palace far down in the deep sea-caves where the fishes live and the red coral2
grows; and whenever he was angry the waves would rise mountain high, and the storm-winds
would howl fearfully, and the sea would try to break over the land; and men called him the
Shaker of the Earth.
The other brother of Jupiter was a sad pale-faced being, whose kingdom was underneath the
earth, where the sun never shone and where there was darkness and weeping and sorrow all the
time. His name was Pluto, or Aidoneus, and his country was called the Lower World,3 or the
Land of Shadows, or Hades. Men said that whenever anyone died, Pluto would send his
messenger, or Shadow Leader, to carry that one down into his cheerless kingdom; and for that
reason they never spoke well of him, but thought of him only as the enemy of life.
A great number of other Mighty Beings lived with Jupiter amid the clouds on the mountain top,
— so many that I can name a very few only. There was Venus, the queen of love and beauty,
who was fairer by far than any woman that you or I have ever seen. There was Athena, or
Minerva, the queen of the air, who gave people wisdom and taught them how to do very many
useful things. There was Juno, the queen of earth and sky, who sat at the right hand of Jupiter
and gave him all kinds of advice. There was Mars, the great warrior, whose delight was in the
din4 of battle. There was Mercury, the swift messenger, who had wings on his cap and shoes,
and who flew from place to place like the summer clouds when they are driven before the wind.
There was Vulcan, a skillful blacksmith,5 who had his forge6 in a burning mountain and
wrought7 many wonderful things of iron and copper and gold. And besides these, there were
many others about whom you will learn by and by, and about whom men told strange and
beautiful stories.
They lived in glittering, golden mansions, high up among the clouds — so high indeed that the
eyes of men could never see them. But they could look down and see what men were doing, and
oftentimes they were said to leave their lofty homes and wander unknown across the land or over
the sea.
 Narmer American College
British Middle School English Department

And of all these Mighty Folk, Jupiter was by far the mightiest.