A

REPORT OF THE

STUDENTS’ INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE

SCHEME (SIWES)

UNDERTAKEN AT

LAMMAYOR TECHNOLOGIES LTD,

Shop 3, Olusegun Area, Sanngo Eruwa, Eruwa, Oyo state.
Email: lammy4mi@gmail.com

FROM NOVEMBER 27TH 2023 TO FEBRUARY 14TH 2024.

BY

OYELAKIN EMMANUEL OPEYEMI

(2220610001)

SUBMITTED TO

THE SIWES COORDINATOR,

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING,

ADESEUN OGUNDOYIN POLYTECHNIC ERUWA, (AOPE)

OYO STATE, NIGERIA.

FEBRUARY 2024.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CERTIFICATION

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.0 SIWES

1.1 Objective and Scope of this report

CHAPTER TWO: REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE/ASSEMBLY

2.0 Introduction to Computer Hardware/Software

2.1 Tools and Materials used in Maintenance

2.2 Basic Components and their functions

2.3 Troubleshooting

CHAPTER THREE: INSTALLATION

3.0 Overview of Computer Hardware

3.1 Functions of Each Component:

3.2 Safety Precautions

3.3 Tools Required

3.4 Installation process

CHAPTER FOUR: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.0 Overview of Experience Gained/Problems Encountered

4.1 Conclusion

4.2 Recommendations

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 CERTIFICATION

I Oyelakin Emmanuel Opeyemi with matriculation number 2220610001 hereby declare that I

undergo 16 weeks of Industrial Training (SIWES) at Lammayor Technologies LTD, Eruwa, Oyo

State, and the report is certified by me about the practical knowledge I acquire during the industrial

training program.

___________________________ _________________________

SUPERVISOR DATE

___________________________ __________________________

H.O.D DATE

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 DEDICATION

I dedicated this SIWES report to the Almighty God who gave me the strength, knowledge and

wisdom throughout the period of my four months industrial training scheme.

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 AKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I will like to acknowledge my parent Mr. & Mrs. Oyelakin for their immense support, My HOD Engr.

Mrs. Adeyeye A.H, Engr. Oluwaseun Idowu and all who have contributed to this point in the success

of my academic pursuit.

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 ABSTRACT

This SIWES report gives details about all the work carried out and the relevant experience

gained at Lammayor Technologies, Eruwa, Center. During my four months attachment at Lammayor

Technologies Center, I was involved in several activities. Firstly, I was assigned to assist the repairs

and maintenance engineer. We were involved in repairs and general maintenance of computer

components within the center in Eruwa. Also, I was introduced to Installation of a computer

system/system unit as part of my Industrial Training.

This report gives concise information on all the subjects afore mentioned, and defines clearly

the experience gained. It also highlights some problems I encountered during the process of acquiring

this experience, and a few recommendations.

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 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION:

1.0 SIWES

SIWES is an acronym for Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme. SIWES is an effective

instrument used for exposing students to the realities of the work environment in Nigeria especially,

and the world in general, in their various professions, so as to achieve the needed technological

advancement for the nation. Some of the aims of SIWES are:

 To provide, for the students, opportunities to be involved in the practical aspect of their respective

disciplines; thus, bridging the gap between the theoretical aspect taught in the class and the real world

situations.

 To expose students to latest developments and technological innovations in their chosen

professions.

 To prepare students for industrial working environments they are likely to meet after graduation.

 Expose students to work methods and techniques in handling equipment and machineries that may

not be available in the institution.

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1.1 Objective and Scope of This Report

The following are some of the objectives of SIWES:

1. SIWES will provide students the opportunity to test their interest in a particular career before

permanent commitments are made.

2. SIWES students will develop skills in the application of theory to practical work situations.

3. SIWES will provide students the opportunity to test their aptitude for a particular career before

permanent commitments are made.

4. SIWES students will develop skills and techniques directly applicable to their careers.

5. SIWES will aid students in adjusting from college to full-time employment.

6. SIWES will provide students the opportunity to develop attitudes conducive to effective

interpersonal relationships.

Scope:

This report gives details about the various activities performed within the four months attachment at

Lammayor Technologies Center from February 28th to June 28th. It covers the major roles performed

which include Repairs/Maintenance and Database Administration. It highlights all the tools and

softwares or materials used in carrying out day to day activities and it serves as an evidence of the

experience gained during the four months period of attachment.

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 CHAPTER TWO: REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE/ASSEMBLY

2.0 Introduction to Computer Hardware/Software

Briefly, computer systems are made up of hardware and software. The physical touchable part of the

computer is called the hardware. This is the part that we can touch and feel. The hardware parts of a

computer include the keyboard, monitor, mouse and printer, usually called the peripherals. Other

hardware parts include scanner, lightpen, Random Access Memory (RAM) sticks or modules,

processor etc.

The software is a set of instructions that control the computer’s functionality. It cannot be seen or

touched. We have two types, system software and application software. System software is further

broken down into Operating Systems and Compiler Softwares.

Operating systems are sets of instructions that enable interaction between the computer and the

hardware. They act as an interface between the user and the computer. Application softwares are

instructions which service a specific need such as Microsoft Excel, which is used for spreadsheets etc.

2.1 Tools and Materials Used in Maintenance

In performing maintenance operations on computer systems and components, some sets of tools are

required to make the job easier. Some recommended tools are screwdrivers (precision screwdrivers

preferably), pliers, parts bag, flashlight, Compact Disk (CD) and portable hard disk or flash drive, and

multimeter.

Screwdrivers are usually used to remove screws so as to dissemble computer component parts

or insert screws so as to assemble component parts. They are several types based on the shape of the

head. Commonly used ones are star head screw drivers and flat screw drivers. For laptop computers,

precision screw drivers are needed. These screw drivers are adapted for special and smaller screws.

Pliers are used as alternatives to the fingers where the fingers may be too large, especially on

the motherboard where most of the components are small. Commonly used for this purpose are the

needle nose pliers.

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 Flashlights are small lighting devices which are used when working in the dark or in places

that are darkened, for instance, one may need a light within the system unit to see the components

more clearly.

Compact Disks (CDs) are storage devices which are used to keep information. You have the

recordable CD, which is typically used once, and the re-writeable CD, which can be used and re-used.

CDs are necessary for installation of software during maintenance activities, where necessary.

Portable hard disk drives or flash drives are needed during maintenance operations to move

files from one place to another if necessary. A CD can also be used in this case, but flash drives and

portable hard disks are needed when the file or files to be moved around are not too large, because it

may be waste of the CD. These portable hard disks or flash drives may also contain utility diagnostic

softwares to be used for diagnostics of the system to be maintained. Portable hard disks are also called

External Hard disks.

A multimeter may also be required for checking of power supplies especially on desktop

systems.

2.2 Basic Components and Their Functions

They are several component parts of a computer, we have the outer parts of the computer like the

monitor, keyboard, mouse, system unit and we have the inner part of the computer which contains the

motherboard, the processor, the RAM sticks or modules, the cables, the hard disks or secondary

storage and many other components. Let us look at them in detail.

Monitor:

This is the visual part of the computer that looks like a television. It is called an output device because

it enables the user to view an output of whatever operation he or she is performing. It is also called the

visual display unit (VDU). Common problems we find with it include, slacking of the video connector

(VGA connector).

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Keyboard/Mouse:

The keyboard is an input device and is typically used for inputting data into the computer. The mouse

is also an input device used as an alternative to the keyboard. The common problem with the

keyboard and the mouse is breaking of the pins in the PS/2 connectors on their connector cables due

to frequent plugging and unplugging.

System Unit/Chassis or Case:

The system unit basically holds the core components of the computer. It has a casing or container.

This container is designed such that some of the features of the core components within the casing can

be used. Within the system unit, we can find the motherboard.

Chassis or case

Motherboard:

This is the most important component on a computer system. It is also called the main board. Every

internal component in a computer connects to the motherboard and its features largely determine what

the computer is capable of plus its overall performance. Motherboards are classified based on form

factors (form factor refers to the physical dimensions, sizes and shape as well as certain connector,

screw hole, and other positions that dictate into which type of case the motherboard will fit).

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 Motherboard sample

Processor:

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) or processor could be thought of as the engine of the computer. It

is identified by mainly two features, its speed and its width. The speed is a simple concept graded in

Megahertz (MHz). The faster the speed of the processor, the better the performance (speed) of the

computer.

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Memory (RAM): The system memory is often called Random Access Memory (RAM). This is the

primary working memory. It holds all the programs and the data that the processor is using at a given

time.

RAM (memory) modules

Power Supply: The power supply feeds electrical power to the internal components in the computer.

Video Card: This is the component on the motherboard that controls the information that we see on

the monitor.

Sound Card: A sound card is the component on the motherboard that enables the PC to generate

complex sounds.

Sound/audio device

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Hard Drive: The hard disk is the primary high-capacity storage media for the system. All you data is

stored on hard disks.

Network Card/Modem: This is a component that is usually integrated on the motherboard to provide

an interface for network connectivity.

2.3 Troubleshooting Network Card

2.3 Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting is simply the process of finding out why a particular device or component is

malfunctioning, and fixing or repairing that problem. There are various ways of troubleshooting

depending on the type of component to be repaired or fixed or the type of problem experienced.

Some basic troubleshooting tips I learnt during my attachment are given in the table below.

Table 1. Troubleshooting Tips

Problem Identification Possible Cause Solution

Operating system will
not boot.
Error: Operating system not
found
System appears to work but no
video is displayed
No sound
Poor heat Check the capacity of the heat sink and
dissipation, replace it if necessary,
improper voltage Check the hard disk cables for tight
settings, loose connectivity and interchange them to ensure
connection of hard proper functionality.
disk or faulty hard
disk cable
Corrupt operating Verify that the hard disk is working correctly,
system, bad hard re-install the operating system if necessary.
disk
Monitor turned off Test the monitor and the power source and
or has failed replace with known good source to confirm if
necessary
No audio adapter Make sure the audio adapter is present and
present, incorrect well connected on the mother board, Ensure
connection of that the speakers are tightly connected and are
speakers or no linked to a working power source, ensure that
power to speakers, sound drivers for the sound device are
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Power supply failures like
spontaneous rebooting during
normal operations, hard disk
and fan refusing to spin, over
heating due to fan failure,
electric shocks felt on the
system cases or connectors,
smoke
no audio drivers installed and working correctly.
present
Faulty power supply Check the AC input, make sure the cord is
which may be due to firmly seated in the wall socket, and in the
bad power cord, or power supply socket, or try a different cord,
loose connection, also, check the DC connectors, make sure the
motherboard and disk drive power connectors
are firmly seated and making good contact,
check for loose screws.
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 CHAPTER 3: INSTALLATION OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM/SYSTEM UNIT

3.0 Overview of Computer Hardware

Central processing unit (CPU):

Often referred to as the brain of the computer, the CPU executes instructions and performs

calculations. It's housed on the motherboard and comes in various architectures and speeds.

Motherboard:

The motherboard is the main circuit board of the computer, providing connectivity between all other

components. It houses the CPU, RAM, expansion slots, and various connectors for peripherals.

Random Access Memory (RAM):

RAM is temporary memory used by the CPU to store data and instructions that are actively being

processed. It's faster than storage devices but volatile, meaning data is lost when the computer is

turned off.

Storage Device:

Storage devices store data permanently or semi-permanently. Common types include:

 Hard Disk Drives (HDDs): Traditional mechanical drives with spinning platters.

 Solid State Drives (SSDs): Faster and more reliable storage devices using flash memory.

 Optical Drives: Used for reading and writing data to optical discs like CDs, DVDs, and Blu-
ray discs.

Power Supply Unit (PSU):

The PSU converts electrical power from an outlet into usable power for the computer's components. It
supplies power to the motherboard, CPU, drives, and other peripherals.

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU):

The GPU is responsible for rendering graphics and images on the computer monitor. It's essential for
tasks such as gaming, video editing, and graphical design.

Peripheral Devices:

These include input and output devices connected to the computer, such as:

 Keyboards, mice, and other pointing devices for input.

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  Monitors, printers, and speakers for output.

 External storage devices like USB drives and external hard drives.

Expansion Cards:

Expansion cards add additional functionality to the computer by plugging into expansion slots on the
motherboard. Examples include sound cards, network interface cards (NICs), and graphics cards.

Cooling System:

To prevent overheating, computers use cooling systems such as fans, heat sinks, and liquid cooling
systems. These components dissipate heat generated by the CPU, GPU, and other heat-producing
components.

Case/Chassis:

The computer case houses and protects all internal components. It also provides mounting points for
components, cooling, and ventilation.

Connectivity Ports:

Computers feature various ports and connectors for connecting external devices and peripherals.
Common ports include USB, HDMI, DisplayPort, Ethernet, and audio jacks.

BIOS/UEFI Firmware:

Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) or Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) firmware is
stored on a chip on the motherboard. It initializes hardware during the boot process and provides low-
level system control.

3.1 Function of Each Component

1. Central Processing Unit(CPU)

Function: Executes instructions and performs calculations necessary for running applications

and processes.

Key Features: Includes arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for mathematical operations, control unit

for managing instructions, and cache memory for fast access to frequently used data.

2. Motherboard

Function: Provides the main circuitry and connectivity for all other components in the

computer system.

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 Key Features: Houses the CPU socket, RAM slots, expansion slots, chipset, and connectors

for peripherals such as USB, HDMI, and Ethernet.

3. Ramdom Access Memory(RAM)

Function: Provides temporary storage for data and instructions that are actively being used by

the CPU.

Key Features: Fast access times, volatile memory (loses data when powered off), and serves

as the working memory for running applications and processes.

4. Storage Device

Function: Stores data permanently or semi-permanently for long-term use.

Key Features: Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) and Solid State Drives (SSDs) store operating

systems, applications, documents, and media files. Optical drives read and write data to optical

discs like CDs and DVDs.

5. Power Supply Unit(PSU)

Function: Converts AC power from an electrical outlet into DC power suitable for use by the

computer's components.

Key Features: Provides stable power to the motherboard, CPU, drives, and peripherals, and

includes safety features such as overvoltage protection and short circuit protection.

6. Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)

Function: Renders graphics and images for display on the computer monitor.

Key Features: Specialized hardware for processing graphical data, including 3D rendering,

image processing, and video decoding. Used in gaming, graphic design, and multimedia

applications.

7. Peripheral Device

Function: Provide input and output capabilities for interacting with the computer system.

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 Key Features: Input devices include keyboards, mice, and touchpads for entering data.

Output devices include monitors, printers, and speakers for displaying and outputting data.

8. Expansion Cards

Function: Add additional functionality or features to the computer system.

Key Features: Examples include sound cards for audio processing, network interface cards

(NICs) for network connectivity, and graphics cards for enhanced graphical performance.

9. Cooling System

Function: Regulates the temperature of internal components to prevent overheating and

ensure reliable operation.

Key Features: Includes fans, heat sinks, and liquid cooling systems that dissipate heat

generated by the CPU, GPU, and other heat-producing components.

10. Cases/Chassis

Function: Houses and protects all internal components of the computer system.

Key Features: Provides mounting points, structural support, and airflow for cooling. Includes

front panel connectors and drive bays for easy access to peripherals.

11. Connectivity Ports

Function: Enable connections with external devices and peripherals.

Key Features: Includes USB, HDMI, DisplayPort, Ethernet, audio jacks, and other ports for

connecting monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking equipment.

12. BIOS/UEFI Firmware

Function: Initializes hardware components during the boot process and provides low-level

system control.

Key Features: Stored on a chip on the motherboard, controls basic system functions such as

booting the operating system, configuring hardware settings, and performing diagnostics.

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3.2 Safety Precautions

1. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection

 Wear an anti-static wrist strap or use an anti-static mat to prevent static electricity from

damaging sensitive components.

 Handle components by their edges to minimize the risk of ESD damage.

 Avoid working on carpeted surfaces, which can generate static electricity.

2. Power Off and Unplug

 Before opening the computer case or handling internal components, ensure that the

computer is powered off and unplugged from the electrical outlet.

 Disconnect all cables and peripherals attached to the computer.

3. Handle Components with Care

 Treat computer components delicately and avoid dropping or mishandling them, as this

can cause damage.

 Use both hands to lift and carry components, especially heavier ones like power

supplies or monitors.

4. Avoid Static-Sensitive Areas

 Keep computer components away from areas with high levels of static electricity, such

as carpeted floors, and avoid wearing clothing made of static-prone materials like wool

5. Follow Manufacturer Instructions

 Read and follow the manufacturer's instructions and guidelines for installing and

handling specific components.

 Consult user manuals or online resources for additional safety information.

3.3 Tools Required for Computer Installation

1. Anti-Static Wrist Strap

2. Anti-Static Mat

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 3. Flashlight or Headlamp

4. Compressed Air Duster

5. Soldering iron and Solder

6. Documentation

7. Needle Nose Pliers

8. Cable Ties

9. Screwdriver Set

10. Magnifying Glass

3.4 Installation process of a Computer System

Step 1: Pre-installation Preparation

1. Select Installation

 Choose a well-lit and well-ventilated area with sufficient space to assemble the

computer system.

2. Gather Tools and Components

 Collect all necessary tools and components required for the installation process,

including screws, screwdrivers, cables, and peripherals.

3. Read Manuals and Documentation

 Review the user manuals and installation guides for each component to familiarize

yourself with their specifications and assembly instructions.

Step 2: Motherboard Installation

1. Prepare the Case

 Place the computer case on a flat surface and remove the side panels to access the

interior.

2. Install Standoffs

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  Install standoffs (if not pre-installed) in the case according to the motherboard's form

factor.

3. Mount the Motherboard

 Carefully place the motherboard into the case, aligning the mounting holes with the

standoffs.

 Secure the motherboard to the standoffs using screws, ensuring it is firmly seated and

level.

Step 3: CPU and RAM Installation

1. Install the CPU

 Open the CPU socket on the motherboard and carefully insert the CPU, aligning
the notches or markers.

 Close the CPU socket lever to secure the CPU in place.

2. Install RAM Modules

 Locate the RAM slots on the motherboard and unlock the retention clips.

 Insert the RAM modules into the slots, aligning the notches on the module with the
keys in the slot.

 Press down firmly on the modules until the retention clips snap into place.

Step 4: Storage Devices and Power Supply Installation

1. Install Storage Devices

 Install hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs) into the drive bays of
the case.

 Secure the drives in place using screws or tool-less mounting mechanisms.

2. Connect Power Supply

 Install the power supply unit (PSU) into the case and secure it with screws.

 Connect the main motherboard power connector (24-pin) and CPU power
connector (4 or 8-pin) to the motherboard.

 Connect power cables to the storage drives and other components as needed.

Step 5: Expansion Cards and Peripherals

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 1. Install Expansion Card

 Install expansion cards such as graphics cards, sound cards, or network

cards into the appropriate expansion slots on the motherboard.

 Secure the cards in place with screws or retention clips.

2. Connect Peripheral

 Connect peripherals such as the keyboard, mouse, monitor, and speakers to

the appropriate ports on the motherboard or expansion cards.

 Connect any additional peripherals or accessories, such as USB devices or

external drives.

Step 6: Cable Management and Final Checks

1. Manage Cables

 Route cables neatly and organize them to improve airflow and aesthetics.

 Use cable ties or Velcro straps to secure cables and prevent tangling.

2. Check Connections

 Double-check all connections and ensure that components are securely

installed.

 Verify that cables are connected to the correct ports and connectors.

Step 7: Power On and Testing

1. Power On the System

 Connect the power cord to the PSU and plug it into a power outlet.

 Press the power button on the computer case to turn on the system.

2. Boot and BIOS Setup

 Verify that the system boots up properly and displays the BIOS/UEFI
screen.

 Enter the BIOS/UEFI setup utility to configure system settings such as boot
order, date/time, and hardware settings.

3. Test Hardware Functionality

 Test the functionality of all hardware components, including the CPU,

RAM, storage drives, graphics card, and peripherals.

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  Ensure that the system detects and recognizes all installed hardware.

Step 8: Operating System Installation

1. Prepare Installation Media

 Insert the installation media (e.g., USB flash drive or optical disc) containing
the operating system (OS) installation files.

2. Install Operating System

 Boot the system from the installation media and follow the on-screen
prompts to install the operating system.

 Partition the storage drive, select installation options, and complete the
installation process.

Step 9: Final Configuration and Optimization

1. Install Device Driver

 Install device drivers for hardware components such as the motherboard,

graphics card, and network adapter.

 Download drivers from the manufacturer's website or use the included

installation disc.

2. Update System Software

 Update the operating system and drivers to the latest versions to ensure
compatibility and security.

3. Configure Settings and Preference

 Configure system settings, preferences, and user accounts according to your

requirements.

 Install software applications and customize settings as needed.

Step 10: Final Checks and Cleanup

1. Perform System Check

 Perform a final check to ensure that all hardware and software components
are functioning correctly

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 CHAPTER FOUR: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.0 Overview of Experience Gained and Problems Encountered

During the four months attachment period I learnt a lot of things as indicated by my report so far.

Before starting I knew little about hardware, computer assembly and disassembly, but now I can carry

out basic troubleshooting operations on a computer, assemble a computer from scratch, and

disassemble it if necessary.

Also, I was able to acquire practical experience on Computer Installation, which I used to carry out

class practices. I was also able to learn far more than I had ever known.

Conclusion

SIWES was established to provide opportunities for students to be involved in the practical aspect of

their respective disciplines in the industrial working environments. During my 4-month industrial

training, I gained a wide range of experience from the various assignments undertaken such as

Computer Installation and troubleshooting, assembly of systems, and fixing of small networks. All the

experience gained help to fulfil the objectives of SIWES.

4.1 Recommendations

Having gone through the 4 months industrial training, I have the following suggestions for the

effectiveness of SIWES:

 Companies should show more commitment to the training of engineering students so as to

improve the quality of training given.

 Government should endeavour to improve business relationships with companies that have

SIWES students, as a way of adding importance to the scheme, in reality.

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 Students or trainees should learn to comport themselves well in these companies so as not to

send a bad signal which may discourage such company from taking or accepting future

SIWES students.

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