HEIM WELDIOS UNIVERSITY OF

MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

ST RITA CAMPUS, COTONOU
COURSE: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
COURSE CODE: PSY 101
LEVEL: 100(LVL)
TOPIC: MOTIVATION IN PSYCHOLOGY

NAMES OF PARTICIPANTS:
AYENI OLUWATOSIN (HEIM\NUR\23\14713)
PETER OBI (HEIM\PHM\23\08715)
CHIEDO FAITH (HEIM\NUR\23\08761)
AYENI ABILA OLABANJI (HEIM\)
OKEREKE KAMSI (HEIM\NUR\23\05691)
CHIEDO JOHN (HEIM\CSC\23\05644)
CONTENT.
 DEFINATION OF MOTIVATION
 SOUCRCE OF MOTIVATION
 TYPES OF MOTIVATION
 IMPORTANCE OF MOTIVATON
 CAUSES OF LOW MOTIVATION
 COMPONENT OF MOTIVATION
 DEFINATION OF MOTIVATION
Is the desire to act in service of a goal. It's the crucial element in setting and attaining our
objectives.
People often have multiple motives for engaging in any one behavior. Motivation might be
extrinsic, whereby a person is inspired by outside forces—other people or rewards.
Motivation can also be intrinsic, whereby the inspiration comes from within—the desire to
improve at a certain activity. Intrinsic motivation tends to push people more forcefully, and
the accomplishments are more fulfilling.

One framework used for understanding motivation is the hierarchy of needs proposed by
American psychologist Abraham Maslow in 1943. According to Maslow, humans are
inherently motivated to better themselves and move toward expressing their full potential—
self-actualization—by progressively encountering and satisfying several levels of need from
the most fundamental, such as for food and safety, to higher-order needs for love,
belonging, and self-esteem.

Eventually, Maslow extended the theory to include a need for self-transcendence: People
reach the pinnacle of growth and find the highest meaning in life by attending to things
beyond the self. Although the universality of Maslow's theory has been challenged, many
believe it captures fundamental truths about human motivation.
 SOUCRCE OF MOTIVATION
In psychology, sources of motivation can come from both internal and external factors.
Internal motivation is driven by personal goals, interests, and values, while external
motivation comes from recognition, reward and social influence. Both play a role in shaping
our behaviours and actions. Now as simple as internal and external sounds, they go way
beyond our imagination...Let's dive a bit deeper into the sources of motivation in
psychology. Internal motivation is all about what drives us from within. It's that inner desire
to achieve personal goals, pursue our passions, and fulfil our own values. For example, if
you're motivated to excel in your studies because you genuinely enjoy learning and want to
achieve academic success, that's internal motivation at play.
On the other hand, external motivation comes from outside influences. It can be in the form
of rewards, such as getting good grades, earning money, or receiving praise and recognition
from others. Social influences, like peer pressure or the desire to fit in, can also play a role in
external motivation.
It's important to note that both internal and external motivation can coexist and interact
with each other. Sometimes external motivation can help reinforce or support our internal
motivation, while other times it can overshadow or replace it. Finding a balance between the
two can be key in maintaining long-term motivation and achieving success.
HOW CAN I FIND THE RIGHT BALANCE BETWEEN INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC?
MOTIVATION

Finding a balance between internal and external motivation can be a personal journey. Here
are a few tips to help you:
1. Reflect on your values and passions: Take some time to understand what truly drives
you from within. Identify your personal goals and interests, and align your actions with
them.

2. Set meaningful goals: Set specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound
(SMART) goals that are important to you. This will help you stay motivated and focused on
what matters most.

3. Find intrinsic value in external rewards: While external rewards can be motivating,
try to connect them to your internal values and goals. For example, if you're working part-
time for financial reasons, think about how it can contribute to your long-term educational
or career aspirations.

4. Seek support and accountability: Surround yourself with people who support and
encourage your goals. Share your progress with them and seek their feedback. This can help
you stay motivated and accountable.
5. Prioritize self-care and time management: Take care of your physical and mental
well-being. Develop effective time management strategies to balance your work, studies,
and personal life. This will help prevent burnout and maintain motivation.

Remember, finding the right balance is a continuous process. Be flexible and adapt as
needed. Good luck, and don't hesitate to reach out if you need more guidance!
 TYPES OF MOTIVATION
There are two main types of motivation which are intrinsic motivation and
extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation involves doing something because it's personally rewarding to you.
When you're intrinsically motivated, your behaviour is motivated by your internal desire to
do something for its own sake -- for example, your personal enjoyment of an activity, or your
desire to learn a skill because you're eager to learn.
Examples of intrinsic motivation could include:

 Reading a book because you enjoy the storytelling

 Exercising because you want to relieve stress.
 Cleaning your house because it helps you feel organized

Extrinsic motivation
Extrinsic motivation involves doing something because you want to earn a reward or avoid
punishment. When you're extrinsically motivated, your behaviour is motivated by an
external factor pushing you to do something in hopes of earning a reward -- or avoiding a
less-than-positive outcome.
Examples of extrinsic motivation could include:

 Reading a book to prepare for a test

 Exercising to lose weight
 Cleaning your home to prepare for visitors coming over
 IMPORTANCE OF MOTIVATION
Motivation plays a crucial role in psychology as it influences our thoughts, emotions, and
behaviours. Here are some key reasons why motivation is important:
1. Goal-directed behaviour: Motivation provides the energy and direction needed to pursue
and achieve our goals. It helps us set objectives, make plans, and act towards what we
desire. Without motivation, we may lack the drive to initiate or sustain efforts towards our
goals.
2. Performance and achievement: Motivation is closely linked to performance and
achievement. When we are motivated, we tend to put in more effort, work harder, and
persist in the face of challenges. This can lead to improved performance and increased
likelihood of success in various areas of life, such as academics, work, sports, or personal
endeavours.
3. Personal growth and development: Motivation is essential for personal growth and
development. It pushes us to learn new skills, acquire knowledge, and seek challenges that
help us expand our capabilities. Motivation encourages us to step out of our comfort zones,
take risks, and embrace opportunities for growth.
4. Emotional well-being: Motivation is closely tied to our emotional well-being. When we
are motivated, we experience a sense of purpose, satisfaction, and fulfillment. It can boost
our selfesteem, confidence, and overall happiness. On the other hand, a lack of motivation
can lead to feelings of apathy, boredom, and dissatisfaction.
5. Resilience and perseverance: Motivation helps us bounce back from setbacks and
overcome obstacles. It fuels our resilience and perseverance, enabling us to persist in the
face of challenges and setbacks. Motivated individuals are more likely to view failures as
learning opportunities and keep pushing forward towards their goals.
6. Healthy habits and behaviour change: Motivation is crucial for adopting and maintaining
healthy habits and making positive behaviour changes. Whether it’s exercising regularly,
eating well, or quitting a harmful habit, motivation provides the drive and commitment
needed to make lasting changes.
Understanding motivation is important in psychology because it allows researchers and
practitioners to develop strategies to enhance motivation, promote well-being, and facilitate
personal growth. By understanding the factors that influence motivation, psychologists can
help individuals overcome barriers, tap into their intrinsic desires, and cultivate a sense of
purpose and fulfillment in their lives
 CAUSES OF MOTIVATION
There are many possible causes of low motivation.
1). One possible cause is a lack of interest in the task at hand. If a person is bored or
uninterested in what they're doing, they're less likely to be motivated to complete the task.
2). Lack of confidence or self-efficacy. If a person doesn't believe they're capable of
completing a task, they're less likely to be motivated to do it.
3). Another possible cause of low motivation is a lack of clear goals. If a person doesn't
know what they're trying to achieve, they may not be motivated to put in the effort to
reach that goal.
4). Finally, a person's emotions can also play a role in their level of motivation. For example,
if a person is feeling stressed or overwhelmed, they may not be motivated to take on new
tasks.
 COMPONENT OF MOTIVATION
1. **Goals**: Goals provide direction and purpose. They serve as the target or endpoint
towards which efforts are directed. Clear and specific goals enhance motivation by providing
a roadmap for action and offering a sense of achievement upon attainment. Moreover,
challenging yet attainable goals can stimulate individuals to exert greater effort and persist
in the face of obstacles.

2. **Drive**: Drive refers to the inner urge or desire that energizes and directs behavior
towards goal attainment. This internal force can stem from various sources such as biological
needs (e.g., hunger, thirst), psychological needs (e.g., achievement, affiliation), or external
stimuli (e.g., incentives, social pressure). The intensity of drive can fluctuate based on
individual differences, environmental cues, and the perceived importance of the goal.

3. **Reward**: Rewards play a crucial role in motivating behavior by providing incentives or

reinforcements for goal-directed actions. These rewards can be tangible (e.g., monetary
compensation, material goods) or intangible (e.g., recognition, praise), and they serve to
satisfy individuals' needs or desires. The anticipation or receipt of rewards elicits positive
emotions, reinforces desired behaviors, and increases the likelihood of future goal pursuit.

4. **Expectancy**: Expectancy refers to individuals' beliefs about their ability to achieve

desired outcomes through their efforts. It encompasses confidence in one's skills,
knowledge, and resources to perform effectively and overcome obstacles. High expectancy is
associated with greater motivation and persistence, as individuals are more likely to invest
effort in activities they believe they can successfully accomplish.

5. **Value**: Value represents the subjective importance or significance attached to the

goal and its associated rewards. Goals and rewards that are perceived as personally
meaningful, desirable, or aligned with individuals' values are more likely to elicit strong
motivation. The perceived value of a goal can vary based on factors such as cultural
influences, past experiences, and individual preferences.

Critically examining these components highlights the dynamic interplay between internal
and external factors that drive motivational processes. While each component contributes
uniquely to motivation, their synergistic interaction shapes individuals' behaviors, choices,
and outcomes in pursuit of goals. Understanding these intricacies is essential for designing
effective motivational strategies and interventions across various contexts, including
education, work, and personal development.