Chimie 1- Matter structure E.N.S.T.I .

Annaba
Chapitre I : Generalities about matter Year 2023/2024

Tutorial n°1
Generalities about matter

Exercice 1 :

1. Provide the names of the various changes of state of matter:

2. Determine if each of the following changes is physical or chemical:

a. Bleach changes the color of your favorite sweater from purple to pink.
b. On a cold day, water vapor from your breath condenses in the air.
c. Plants use carbon dioxide from the air to synthesize sugar molecules.
d. Butter melts when placed in the sun.

3. Complete the following sentences:

a. A …..…body is made up of identical molecules. If the atoms of the molecule
are………………….., the body is called:…………………. If they are of different nature, the body
is called……………….
b. A ………..…is a collection of pure bodies. It is made up of different ……………. The mixture
can be ………….. if it has a single phase, or ………….. if it presents several.

4. Check the appropriate box in the following table:

Simple pure Pure compound Homogeneous Heterogeneous

body body mixture mixture
Air
Mineral water
Distilled water
Graphite
Dinitrogen
blood
Diamond
Crude petroleum (oil)

5. Complete the following table:

Nom Formula Molar mass M m N
Dinitrogene N2 5,6
Dichloromethane CH2Cl2 0,31

Data : M (N) = 14 g/mol, M (C) = 12 g/mol, M (Cl) = 35,5 g/mol

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Chimie 1- Matter structure E.N.S.T.I .Annaba
Chapitre I : Generalities about matter Year 2023/2024

Exercice 2 :

1. The volume of the Atlantic Ocean is estimated to be 323,700,000 km3, and the volume of a teaspoon
is approximately equal to 5 mL. How many teaspoons of water does the Atlantic Ocean contain?
Compare this number to Avogadro's number.

Note: Avogadro's number, which represents the number of entities in one mole of a substance, is
approximately 6.023 x 1023 entities per mole.

2. The following masses are given:

Mass of the proton mp = 1.6724 x 10-27 kg
Mass of the neutron mn = 1.6749 x 10-27 kg
Mass of the electron me = 9.1085 x 10-31 kg
a. Express these masses in atomic mass units (m.a.u).
b. Provide the ratio of the neutron's mass to the electron's mass. Conclusion.

Note: 1 atomic mass unit (u.m.a) is defined as 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom, which is
approximately 1.67 x 10-27 kg.)

3. Carbon dioxide plays an important role in the vital processes of plants and animals, such as
photosynthesis and respiration. On average, a person emits 1 kg of CO2 per day.
a. Express the quantity of CO2, in moles, released daily by a person and specify the corresponding
number of molecules.
b. Indicate the numbers of carbon and oxygen atoms contained in this quantity of gas.
c. Compare the molar mass of CO2 to that of a single molecule of the same compound and draw a
conclusion. Given: M (g/mol) C: 12, O: 16.

Exercice 3 :

Vitamin D has a dual source: it is obtained through diet and synthesized by the body in the skin under the
influence of UVB rays from the sun. Its primary function is to enhance the absorption capacity of the intestine
for calcium and phosphorus.

Cholecalciferol is a form of vitamin D, also known as vitamin D3, with the chemical formula C27H44O. How
many moles of molecules are there in 10.0 g of vitamin D 3?
1. What is the mass, in grams, of 0.56 moles of vitamin?
2. How many molecules are there in 500.0 mg of vitamin?
3. What is the mass, in atomic mass units (u.m.a), of 1.0 x 109 molecules of vitamin D3?
Given information: M (g/mol); C: 12, H: 1, O: 16.