Learning Guide 1

Federal TVET Agency
Logo
Basic Civics and Ethical

Education
NTQF Level I
Unit of Competence: Understand Constitutional

Democracy
Module Title: Understanding Constitutional
Democracy
LG Code: TVET CEE1 M01 LO1-3 1
TTLM Code: TVET CEE1 TTLM01 01 15v1
Instruction Sheet Learning Guide #1
This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information regarding
the following content coverage and topics –
 Importance of Democracy
 Basic Principles of the Ethiopian Constitution
 Features of a Democratic System
 TVET National Strategy
This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome stated in the cover
page. Specifically, upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be able to –
 Understand the concept of democracy
 Explain the meaning and purpose of the constitution
 Describe basic principles of the Ethiopian constitution
 Discuss features of a democratic system
Learning Instructions:
1. Read the specific objectives of this Learning Guide.
2. Follow the instructions described in number 3 to 17.
3. Read the information written in the “Information Sheets 1”. Try to understand
what are being discussed. Ask you teacher for assistance if you have hard time
understanding them.
4. Accomplish the “Self-check 1” in page 6.
5. Ask from your teacher the key to correction (key answers) or you can request
your teacher to correct your work. (You are to get the key answer only after you
finished answering the Self-check 1).
6. If you earned a satisfactory evaluation proceed to “Information Sheet 2”.
However, if your rating is unsatisfactory, see your teacher for further instructions
or go back to Learning Activity #2.
7. Submit your accomplished Self-check. This will form part of your training
portfolio.
8. Read the information written in the “Information Sheet 2”. Try to understand what
are being discussed. Ask you teacher for assistance if you have hard time
understanding them.
9. Accomplish the “Self-check 2” in page 11.
Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

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Version: 1 Revision: 0 Author: Federal TVET Agency
11. Read the information written in the “Information Sheets 3 and 4”. Try to
understand what are being discussed. Ask you teacher for assistance if you have
hard time understanding them.
12. Accomplish the “Self-check 3&4” in page 17&22 respectively.
14. If you earned a satisfactory evaluation proceed to “Operation Sheet 1” in page
24. However, if your rating is unsatisfactory, see your teacher for further
instructions or go back to Learning Activity #4.
15. Read the “Operation Sheet 1” and try to understand the procedures discussed.
16. Read all the contents from materials that your teacher gave you and try to
understand the procedures discussed.
17. Do the “LAP test” in page 25 (if you are ready). Request your teacher to evaluate
your performance and outputs. Your teacher will give you feedback and the
evaluation will be either satisfactory or unsatisfactory. If unsatisfactory, your
teacher shall advice you on additional work. But if satisfactory you can proceed to
Learning Guide #2.

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LO 1: Importance of Democracy
Information Sheet-1 Democracy and Constitution
Concept and Meaning of Democracy

There is a difference between the ancient concept of democracy and the modern
one. Modern democracy advocates the freely given consent while the ancient
democracy stresses only the majority rule. We can have so many definitions for
democracy. There is no agreed up on definitions. Linguistically, however, the word
democracy comes from two Greek words: ‘demo’, which means people; and ‘kratos’,
which means rule or administration. Thus, the word democracy simply means the
rule or administration of the people. Rule by the people has always been interpreted
in practice to mean government by some or by a few on behalf of the rest. In other
words, in order to fit to a wide range of political systems, democracy has developed
a number of working definitions which include the following:
-Democracy is a form of government which is conducted with the freely given
consent of the people. This meant that democracy is a form of government whose
activities are based on the agreement of the people.
-Democracy is a system of government in which supreme authority rests on the
people. Here, it means that democracy is a form of government where ultimate
power is in the hands of the people.
-Democracy is the government “of the people,” “by the people,” and “for the people.”
This means that democracy is the government which is organized by the people,
administered/ruled by the people themselves, and stands for the benefit of the
people themselves.
-Democracy is majority rule in which minority rights are protected.
-Democracy is a system of decision making in which the leaders are more
responsible to the interest of the people.
-Democracy is a form of government where individual freedom is protected and
institutionalized.
The common point in all the above definitions is the people. Thus democracy,
whatever definitions it may contain, focuses on the interests of the people. To fulfill
the interest of the people democracy must allow universal suffrage, political parties,
and the organization of free, fair and periodic elections. In addition democracy must
provide mechanisms for accountability and transparency.
A democratic system creates the condition for political, economic and cultural
equality. It upholds rule of law, human rights and freedom. These are necessary for
individual and societal development.

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Meaning and Purpose of Constitution
Modern democratic governments are established and organized by a constitution.
Constitution can be defined as follows:
-Constitution is a supreme political and legal document. Its ultimate objective is to
establish a government, lay down the guiding principles and limit the power of the
government by guarantying individual freedoms and liberties that cannot be touched
by any government organ.
-Constitution is a body of fundamental laws and principles according to which a
political state is governed. It reflects the moral and political value of the people.
-Constitution may be defined as a law of laws supreme law or sometimes defined as
rule of law upon which any kind of laws or customary practices shall be abide by it
and other laws are strictly implemental through it.
The purpose of the constitution is to serve the society permanently. Its ultimate
objective is to establish a government, lay down the guiding principles and limit the
power of the government by guaranteeing individual freedoms and liberties that
cannot be touched by any government organ. The constitution defines the
relationship between the government and people/citizens. It also set direction for
national defense and foreign policy principles.
Constitution establishes organs of a government define their functions and
relationships. For example the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE)
constitution has established Legislative, executive and the judiciary organs of the
government. Similarly it has established a human rights commission, ombudsman
office, population census commission, electoral board and auditor general. .
Constitution versus Constitutionalism

Constitution is a supreme law of the land. It defines the structure, organization,
powers and functions of political administration. It also defines the political ideas,
which are guiding principles. It also consists of legal principles, concepts and follows
certain legal theories.
Constitutionalism on the other hand is the condition where the provisions of the
constitution are fully implemented. It is a system where everything is done according
to the provisions of the constitution. The presence of constitution in one country does
not necessarily indicate the prevalence of constitutionalism.
Constitutionalism desires a political order governed by law and regulations. It stands
for the supremacy of the law. Constitutionalism stands for the existence of a
constitution in the state which is the instrument of government whose objects are to
limit the arbitrary action of the government and to guarantee the right of the
governed and to define the operation of the sovereign power. Constitutionalism is a
key for democracy.
Constitution and other Laws

There are various types of laws. Constitution may be defined as a law of laws or
supreme law. Any kind of law or customary practices shall be abided by it and other
laws are strictly implemental through it.

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Constitution has its own characteristics that distinguish it from other laws. A
constitution thought to be permanent. When a constitution is drafted, it is assumed to
serve the maximum time. It should not be changed with the change of governments.
The permanent nature of constitution enables the existence of stable and durable
government. It also enables the society to live in a peaceful political system.
Constitution is general, it cannot contain specific laws. If it is specific, not only will it
be a bulky document, but also subjected to continuous changes. If continuous
change is reflected in the supreme law, it affects the stability and peace of
government and the society. It becomes unpredictable and leads to all substantive
laws. The procedures for making and amending a constitution are quite different
from those of ordinary laws.
All other laws are subordinate to the constitution. Constitution serves as a source of
all other laws. Any laws enacted by the law maker and any decision made by the
courts or administrative agencies shall be in line with the constitution. Other laws
next to the constitution include proclamation, rules and regulations, administrative
law, and penal code to mention a few. These types of laws should be consistent with
the constitution. Any provision of such laws should not contradict or violate any
provision of the constitution.

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Self-Check 1 Written Test
Directions: Answer all the questions listed below. Use the Answer sheet provided
in the next page:
1. Which one of the following is the purpose of the constitution? (3 points)

A) Serve the society permanently
B) Establish the government
C) Protect individual rights and freedoms
D) All
2. What is the first law in the hierarchy of laws? (3 points)
A) Constitution C) Rules and regulations
B) Proclamations D) None
3. Define democracy? (5 point)
4. What is constitution? (5 points)

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Note: Satisfactory rating - 8 points Unsatisfactory - below 8 points
You can ask you teacher for the copy of the correct answers.
Answer Sheet Score = ___________

Rating: ____________
Name: _________________________ Date: _______________
Short Answer Questions
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LO 2: Basic Principles of the
Ethiopian Constitution
Fundamental Principles of the Ethiopian
Information Sheet 2
Constitution
The proclamation No 1/1995 pronounced the coming into effect of the constitution of
the federal democratic republic of Ethiopia (FDRE). This constitution has five basic
principles.
The Sovereignty of the People

Article 8, sub-article 1, 2 and 3 of the constitution express this as follows:
i) All sovereign power resides in the Nations, Nationalities and Peoples of Ethiopia.
ii) This constitution is an expression of their sovereignty.
iii) Their sovereignty shall be expressed through their representatives elected in
accordance with this constitution and through their direct democratic participation.
Supremacy of the Constitution

Article 9, sub articles 1 and 2 express what the supremacy of the constitution means:
i) The constitution is the supreme law of the land. Any law, customary practice or a
decision of an organ of state or a public official which contravenes this constitution
shall be of no effect.
ii) All citizens, organs of state, political organizations, other associations as well as
their officials have the duty to ensure observance of the constitution and to obey it.
Human and Democratic Rights

These rights are expressed in the constitution. Article 10, states the following:
i) Human rights and freedoms, emanating from the nature of mankind, are
inviolable and inalienable.
ii) Human and Democratic rights of citizens and peoples shall be respected.
 Human rights include:
 Right to life
 The right of the security of person
 The right to liberty
 Prohibition against inhuman treatment
 Right of persons arrested
 Right of persons accused

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 Non retro-activity of criminal law
 Prohibition of double jeopardy
 Right of honor and reputation
 Right to equality
 Right to privacy
 Freedom of religion, belief and opinion
 Crimes against humanity
 Democratic rights include:
 Right of thought, opinion and expression
 The right of assembly, demonstration and petition
 Freedom of Association
 Freedom of movement
 Rights of nationality
 Marital, personal and family rights
 Rights of women
 Rights of children
 Right of access to justice
 The right to vote and to be elected
 Rights of Nations, Nationalities and Peoples
 The rights to property
 Economic, social and cultural rights
 Rights of labor
 The right to development
 Environmental rights
The Separation of State and Religion

The separation of state and religion makes Ethiopia a secular state. A secular state
is one that separates state and religion as two independent institutions with different
objectives. Article 11, states:
i) State and religion are separate
ii) There shall be no state religion
iii) The state shall not interfere in religious matters and religion shall not interfere
in state affairs.

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Conduct and Accountability of the State
Article 12, states:
i) The conduct of the affair of the government shall be transparent.
ii) Any public official or an elected representative is accountable for any failure in
official duties.
iii) In case of loss of confidence, the people may recall an elected representative.
The particulars of recall shall be determined by law.

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Instructions: Answer all the questions listed below. Illustrations may be necessary
to aid some explanations/answers. Write your answers in the sheet
provided in the next page.
1. Popular sovereignty indicates people of a given country are the ultimate power
holders. (2pts)
A) True B) False
2. Secularism refers to the separation of the government and the people. (2pts)
A) True B) False
3. The sovereignty of the people is mentioned in the FDRE constitution of article
_____________? (3pts)
A) 8 B) 9 C) 10 D) 11
4. Which one of the following is democratic right? (3pts)
A) Right to life C) Right to vote
B) Right to liberty D) Right to equality
5. Compare constitution and constitutionalism? (5pts)
6. List basic principles of the FDRE constitution with the corresponding articles?
(10pts)
7. What is the difference between human rights and democratic rights? (5pts)

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Answer Sheet Score = ___________

Rating: ____________
Name: _________________________ Date: _______________
1. ________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________
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6. ________________________________________________________________
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LO 3: Features of a Democratic System
Information Sheet 3 Features of a Democratic System
Features of Democracy
Though the characteristics of democracy vary from country to country, the following
are basic features of democracy with which most political thinkers agree.
 Freedom of expression: In a democratic society citizens select their leaders.
They influence the policies of their government through freedom of speech, the
press, assembly and petition.
 Free and fair elections: In democracies elections are held periodically and
ensure the true election or representativeness. Therefore people are given a
chance to choose their leaders freely and fairly.
 Majority rule and minority rights: When the majority gets the right to rule,
the right of a minority are not ignored.
 Political parties: They give meaning to elections providing voters a choice
among candidates who represent different interests.
 Division of power: In a democratic society political power is divided and
spread. The power and function of the government should be stated in
constitution and limit what the government may do.
 Private organizations: In democracy individuals and private organizations are
allowed to carry out social and economic activities.
State Structure
State can be defined as a political community occupying a definite territory, having an
organized government and possessing sovereignty. Therefore a state should have
basic elements (defined territory, permanent population, effective and operating
government and sovereignty). On the other hand government is the political and
administrative hierarchy of an organized state. It is through government that the state
exercises legislative, executive and judiciary functions. Government is dynamic,
volatile and changeable but a state is relatively static. State structure includes the
following:
 Unitary state structure: Unitary state structure signifies oneness of the
government and implies high degree of homogeneity and cohesiveness. Thus
unitary state is a form of state in which a single centre manages or controls
other sub national groups. Unitary state has one stronger centre, the supreme
to all and focuses on all units. Unitary state structure has the following basic
characteristics:
i) Sub national groups are relatively weak
ii) The presence strong single centre
iii) Sovereignty is no divided
iv) No subordinate law making bodies
v) Local administrations are created or abolished based on the will of the
central government
vi) There is centralization of power
Unitary state structure is useful for countries of small population, small
geographical area and having homogeneous population.
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 Federal state structure: Federal state structure is a form of government
whereby a country is divided into different areas/territories in which some
powers are exercised by the central government and others by individual
territories. The two levels of federal state structure are federal/central
government and federating units/regions. One level of government is no
dependent on the other for legislations, taxation or administration. Each level
of government is limited to its sphere and within that sphere, it is autonomous
and independent. A federal state structure has the following basic
characteristics:
i) Strong sub national groups
ii) There is subordinate law making bodies
iii) The federal constitution is supreme
iv) There is power division between the central and regional governments
v) Regional governments are not created or abolished by the interest of
the central/federal government
Federal state structure is especially useful for countries with larger
geographical territory and for countries having heterogeneous population.
Nowadays Ethiopia follows federal state structure to address the demands of
its diverse population. A federal state structure of Ethiopia comprises nine
regional states. These are the state of Afar, state of Tigray, state of Amhara,
state of Oromia, state of Ethiopian Somali, state of Benisshangul/Gumuz, state
of SNNP, state of Gambela, state of Harari. In addition to these nine member
states, there are two administrative autonomous cities. The two city
administrations are Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa. Addis Ababa is the seat of
the federal government of Ethiopia.
 Con federal state structure: Con federal state structure is a form of state,
where separate states are linked together to cooperate in certain ways but are
otherwise independent of each other. Some characteristics of con federal state
are:
i) It is a voluntary association of independent states.
ii) It is relatively weak form of political union between sovereign states.
iii) The central government is weak. The central government would do little
more than coordinating and arbitrating member states.
iv) It is highly decentralized form of state. Members of the state easily
withdraw from the union if they want to.
Forms of Government
 Monarchical form of government: In monarchical form of government power
is usually transferred through kinship or by blood. It is a hereditary form of
government in which ordinary people have no right to elect their leaders.
People are governed based on the interest of the king. Here the monarch/the
king is the law maker, administrator, law interpreter and the commander chief
of the national army.
 Autocratic form of government: Autocratic/dictatorial form of government
usually comes into power by force not through election. This kinds of
governments are usually characterized by:
 Supreme power rests on small number of people even sometimes on a
single person.
 They are not responsible to the people, the constitution or any other
body.
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 Human rights are not recognized and respected
 Power is personal and unstable
 It may not tolerate economic, religious and other freedoms.
 There is no periodic, free and fair election
 Lack of equality and justice
 Democratic form of government: As you see in the earlier sections of this
learning guide democracy means the government of the people. Contrary to
both the monarchical and autocratic governments, democratic government is
established by the will of the people through elections. In the democratic form
of government there is the respect of human and democratic rights. There is
also accountability and transparency of the state.
Types of Democracy
The two types of democracy are the following:
 Direct Democracy: It is a type of democracy in which people can directly
participate in day to day activities of the government. At present it is exercised
when people are asked for referendum (referring of political question to the
people for a general vote). It can also exist in a local government and small
communities.
 Indirect or Representative Democracy: Indirect democracy is a type of
democracy where citizens elect their representatives in the government. These
representatives act on behalf of the people who elect them. Representatives of
the people formulate laws and make political decisions for the best interest of
the people.
Systems of Government
The most common democratic systems of government include:
 Presidential System of Government: It is one of the systems of government
where people voters elect representatives of the legislative body/assembly and
the head of the executive that is, the president. Here members of the
assembly and the president are directly elected by the people. In presidential
systems of government members of the assembly cannot be members of the
executive or judicial bodies. Here there is separation of power. The executive
power is vested in a president. The president is both the head of state and the
government. The best example of presidential system of government is the
USA.
 Parliamentary System of Government: In the parliamentary system of
government people elect their representatives to a legislative body/parliament.
Members of the parliament choose the president and the prime minister. The
prime minister is often the leader of the majority party in the parliament. The
prime minister nominates ministers mostly from members of the parliament to
form the executive and judiciary branches of the government. Here members
of the parliament can members of the executive body.
In parliamentary democracy, there is distinctive/separate head of state and
government, both elected by the assembly. The head of state is the president
and the head of the government is the prime minister. Ethiopia follows
parliamentary systems of government.
 The Hybrid System of Government: It is a system of government which
combines parliamentary and presidential system. The president and members
of the parliament are directly elected by the people. There is separation of
power.
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The prime ministers direct the government and the government is accountable
to the parliament. The president is the head of the state and the leading figure
in the political system. The president has constitutional right to dissolve the
assembly. This kind of democracy is mainly found in France, Russia and
Finland.
Organs/Structures of the Government according to the FDRE Constitution
In Ethiopia the three organs of the government are found both at federal and regional
level.
 Legislative Organ: It is the law making branch of the government. Members
of the legislative body are elected by the people and play an important role in
the making of governments. At the federal level the legislative body is the
parliament whereas at regional level it is the regional council.
 Executive Organ: It is the law enforcing branch of the government. It is also
responsible in supervising the implementation of national policy. The executive
body is established by the head of the government, in the case of Ethiopia the
prime minister. The executive body is the council of ministers at the federal
level. At regional level the executives includes the head of the bureaus.
 Judiciary Organ: It is the law interpreting branch of the government. The
judiciary plays an important role in defending the constitution and protecting
the rights of citizens. Courts at the federal and regional level are the main
institutions in the judiciary system.
State Power Distribution in Ethiopia
Ethiopia is defined as a Federal Democratic Republic. Federalism is a system of
government where power is divided between the federal and regional governments.
Devolution, the principle of federalism, means to transfer power to the regions that
constitute the federation.
The FDRE constitution introduced a dual government structure. Accordingly, the state
power is divided between regional and federal (central) governments. Under FDRE,
power is divided between the federal and the nine regional states. The power of the
federal and the regional governments is clearly stated in the federal constitution.
Some powers exclusively reside in the federal government, and some other powers
reside in the regional states. There are areas in which both governments exercise
concurrent power. For example, the collection of revenue and tax is the area where
the two governments exercise power at the same time.
The federal government has the power to conduct foreign policy matters, national
defence and security. Matters needs uniformity is usually conducted by the federal
government. These include the issue nationality, immigration, currency, calendar and
setting standards of measurement. The formulation and implementation of the
country’s policies, strategies and plans in overall economic, social and development
matters is the duty of the federal government.
The regional governments are in charge of local administration. Their jurisdiction
includes managing education, health and the police force within their respective
territories. The regions are also responsible in managing the state budget.
The FDRE constitution has set in place a bicameral parliament i.e., the House of
Peoples Representatives (HPR) and the House of Federation (HF). The HPR is a law
making body whose members are elected by Universal Suffrage. The HF is the organ
that nations, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia are represented by virtue of their
identities.
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Instructions: Answer all the questions listed below. Illustrations may be necessary
to aid some explanations/answers. Write your answers in the sheet
provided in the next page.
1. Direct participation is performed through representatives. (2pts)

A) True B) False
2. Which one of the following is the characteristic of a democratic system? (3pts)
A) One party system C) Centralization of power on a leader
B) Free and fair election D) All
3. Which one belongs to Ethiopian state structure? (3pts)
A) Unitary B) Federal C) Con federal D) None
4. Which one of the following is the power given to the regional states in
Ethiopia? (3pts)
A) Foreign relations C) Collecting tax
B) Establishing national defense D) Administering banks
5. Which one of the following is lawmaking body of the government? (3pts)
A) Legislative B) Executive C) Judiciary D) All
6. Compare and contrast unitary and federal state structures? (6pts)
7. Explain forms of governments? (6pts)
8. Explain organs of the government based on the FDRE constitution? (6pts)
9. What do you understand by devolution of power? (4pts)

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Score = ___________
Answer Sheet
Rating: ____________
Name: _________________________ Date: _______________
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2. _______________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________________
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LO 4: TVET National Strategy
Information Sheet 4 TVET National Strategy
Objectives of the National TVET Strategy

The overall objective of the National TVET strategy is to create a competent,
motivated, adaptable and innovative workforce in Ethiopia contributing to poverty
reduction and social and economic development through facilitating demand driven,
high quality technical and vocational education and training, relevant to all sectors of
the economy, at all levels and to all people in need of skills development.
Specifically, the national TVET strategy aims to:
 Create and further develop a comprehensive, integrated, outcome-based and
decentralized TVET system of Ethiopia
 Create a coherent framework for all actors and stakeholders in the TVET
system
 Establish and capacitate the necessary institutional set up to manage and
implement TVET in Ethiopia and to ensure quality management system(QMS)
 Improve the quality of TVET (formal and non-formal) at all levels and make it
responsive to the needs of the labour market
 Facilitate the expansion of relevant TVET offers in Ethiopia, in particular to
target groups that have been previously neglected and labour market
segments that are key to national development
 Strengthen the private training market and encourage enterprises to participate
in the TVET system
 Empower women and rural people through skills development
 Ensure equal access of women, men and people with special needs to TVET
 Strengthen the culture of self-employment and support innovation in the
Ethiopian economy, in particular in the emerging regions
 Develop a sustainable financing system for TVET with efficient and cost
effective delivery systems and management structures
 Build the necessary human capacities to effectively manage and implement
TVET
Guiding Principles of the Ethiopian TVET System

To achieve the objectives stated above, the following principles will guide and define
bench marks for the further development and implementation of the TVET system:
 Demand-orientation: TVET is geared towards enhancing the
competitiveness of economic sectors through a competent work force&
towards improving people’s employability in the labour market & with regard
to self-employment.
 Quality and relevance: An important mechanism for this will be the
introduction of the system of occupational standards, assessment, and
certification.
 Equal access vs. equal opportunity: The TVET system strives for social
inclusion by increasing over all access to relevant formal, non-formal&
informal TVET opportunities by all target groups in needs of skills
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development while ensuring equality of access. TVET will be accessible
irrespective of the levels of educational attainments, sex, ethnic, & religious
affiliation
 Permeability: The TVET system will promote vertical & horizontal mobility and
progression between different TVET occupations and different qualification
levels. TVET should always create the possibility of career progression &
continuation of learning.
 Flexibility: The TVET system will allow for &encourage flexibility &dynamic
development of the training offers. This applies to the organization of TVET
programs as well as to the way in which people can pursue their individual
occupational/professional careers.
 Lifelong learning: The TVET system will provide lifelong learning
opportunities (including initial & further TVET) to enable the Ethiopian work
force to keep pace with the rapidly changing work environment brought about
by technological progress & development in the organization of work.
Lifelong learning implies that people can continuously enhance their
recognized qualification
 Gender sensitivity: All TVET opportunities will be equally to girls and boys.
TVET institutions will have to develop gender policies in order to ensure that
girls & boys are not discriminated against through content organization of
TVET programs & to effectively prevent harassments of female trainees &
staff members.
 Contributing to the fight against HIV/AIDS: TVET will contribute to fight
against the spread of HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia by incorporating awareness
creation and training about preventive measures in all its programs.
 Contributing to environmental challenges: TVET will help to create
environmental awareness in Ethiopia & will educate Ethiopians about
sustainable uses of scarce natural resources.

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Instructions: Perform the following tasks. Write your answers in the answer sheet
provided:
1. Write general objectives of national TVET strategy? (4pts)

2. Write at least two specific objectives of national TVET strategy? (4pts)
3. List at least three guiding principles of the Ethiopian TVET system? (6pts)

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Note: Satisfactory rating – 5 points Unsatisfactory - below 5 points
Score = ___________
Answer Sheet
Rating: ____________
Name: _________________________ Date: _______________
1. ________________________________________________________________
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2. ________________________________________________________________
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3. ________________________________________________________________
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Operation Sheet 1 Procedures for Presentation
Identify basic principles of the Ethiopian constitution
List basic principles of the Ethiopian constitution
Prepare a note on each basic principles of the constitution
Discuss a note with a group for further improvement
Present a note to a class
Receive questions and comments from the class
Respond to questions raised and comments suggested

Page 24 of 26
LAP Test Practical Demonstration
Name: _____________________________ Date: ________________

Time started: ________________________ Time finished: ________________
Instructions: Given necessary templates and materials you are required to

perform the following tasks within 3 hours.
Task 1: Choose the best form of government with logical reason?

Task 2: Present the importance of federal state structure for Ethiopia?
Task 3: Write at least three types of laws?
Task 4: Compare constitution and other laws?
Task 5: Write human and democratic rights?
Task 6: Explain basic principles of the FDRE constitution?
Task 7: What makes Ethiopia a secular state?
Task 8: Explain the need of accountability for good governance?
Task 9: Compare and contrast direct and indirect democracy? (4pts)
Task10: Write at least four powers exclusively given to the federal
government?
Task11: Write at least four powers exclusively given to the regional
government?
Task 12: Explain how the two houses (HPR and HF) are established?

Page 25 of 26
List of Reference Materials
Ethiopian civil service college institute of distance education (2008), conflict

management, module one
Ethiopian Civil Service College institute of distance education (2008),
understanding organizational conflict, module two
Ethiopian civil service college institute of distance education (2007),
administrative law, module one
Ethiopian civil service college institute of distance education (2007),
introduction to administrative law, module two
Ethiopian civil service college institute of distance education (2005), Ethiopian
constitutional law, module one
Ethiopian civil service college institute of distance education (2005), theories
and constitutional development in Ethiopia, module two
Ethiopian civil service college institute of distance education (2008), civil
service ethics, module one
Ethiopian civil service college institute of distance education (2008), civil
service ethics, module one
Ecbp (2006), national technical and vocational education and training (TVET)
strategy (draft for discussion)
Ministry of Education, Civics and Ethical Education, Grade 11&12 text books
The constitution of the federal democratic republic of Ethiopia (1995), Addis
Ababa
St. Mary’s university college (2004), college of open and distance learning,
civic and ethical education II (for TVET program) module 1&2
St. Mary’s university college (2006), distance education division, civic and
ethical education III(for TVET program) module 1-3

Page 26 of 26

Learning Guide 1

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Federal TVET Agency

Basic Civics and Ethical

Unit of Competence: Understand Constitutional

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Concept and Meaning of Democracy

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Constitution versus Constitutionalism

Constitution and other Laws

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

1. Which one of the following is the purpose of the constitution? (3 points)

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Answer Sheet Score = ___________

Name: _________________________ Date: _______________

Short Answer Questions

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

The Sovereignty of the People

Supremacy of the Constitution

Human and Democratic Rights

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

The Separation of State and Religion

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Answer Sheet Score = ___________

Name: _________________________ Date: _______________

Short Answer Questions

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

1. Direct participation is performed through representatives. (2pts)

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Name: _________________________ Date: _______________

Short Answer Questions

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Objectives of the National TVET Strategy

Guiding Principles of the Ethiopian TVET System

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

1. Write general objectives of national TVET strategy? (4pts)

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Name: _________________________ Date: _______________

Short Answer Questions

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Operation Sheet 1 Procedures for Presentation

Identify basic principles of the Ethiopian constitution

List basic principles of the Ethiopian constitution

Prepare a note on each basic principles of the constitution

Discuss a note with a group for further improvement

Present a note to a class

Receive questions and comments from the class

Respond to questions raised and comments suggested

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Name: _____________________________ Date: ________________

Instructions: Given necessary templates and materials you are required to

Task 1: Choose the best form of government with logical reason?

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

Ethiopian civil service college institute of distance education (2008), conflict

Learning Guide for Civics Level I Date: January 2015

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