gwenca.wordpress.

com

Chapter 12 : Respira/on
01 Respiration
• the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release
energy for metabolism

02 Uses of energy in human body

• muscle contraction
• protein synthesis
• cell division
• active transport
• growth
• passage of nerve impulses
• maintaining constant body temperature

03 What does respiration also involve?

• the action of enzymes in cells
- both types of respiration are catalysed by enzymes
- rate of respiration can be in8luenced by temperature and pH

04 Types of respiration
• Aerobic respiration
• Anaerobic respiration

05 Aerobic respiration
• the chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules
to release energy
- glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
- C6H12O6 + 6O2 CO2 + 6H2O

06 Anaerobic respiration
• the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release
energy without using oxygen
• Muscles (vigorous exercise)
- Glucose lactic acid
- C6H12O6 2C3H6O3
• Microorganism yeast
- Glucose alcohol + carbon dioxide
- C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

07 Which type of respiration releases more energy

• Aerobic respiration releases more energy per glucose than anaerobic respiration

gwenca.wordpress.com 1
 gwenca.wordpress.com

08 What builds up in muscles during vigorous exercise

• Lactic acid is produced in muscles by anaerobic respiration
• Creating an oxygen debt

09 How is the oxygen debt removed after exercise

• Lactic acid is produced in muscles by anaerobic respiration
• Liver absorbs lactic acid from blood
• Carries out aerobic respiration to break it down into carbon dioxide and water
• Heart rate remains high after exercise to transport lactic acid in blood from
muscles to liver
• Breathing rate remains high after exercise to supply oxygen for aerobic
respiration of lactic acid

gwenca.wordpress.com 2