12.
1 Respiration
Topic
1 State the uses of energy in living
organisms
2 Investigate and describe the effect
of temperature on respiration in
yeast
12.2 Aerobic respiration
Topic
1 Describe aerobic respiration
2 State the word equation for
aerobic respiration
3 State the balanced chemical
equation for aerobic respiration
as:
12.3 Anerobic respiration
Topic
1 Describe anaerobic respiration
2 State that anaerobic respiration
releases much less energy per
glucose molecule than aerobic
respiration
Checklist
 Why do cells/ organisms need energy?
- muscle contraction,
- protein synthesis,
- cell division,
- active transport,
- growth,
- the passage of nerve impulses
- the maintenance of a constant body temperature
Checklist
 aerobic respiration is the chemical reactions in
cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient
molecules to release energy
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Checklist
 anaerobic respiration is the chemical reactions in
cells that break down nutrient molecules to release
energy without using oxygen
 anaerobic respiration releases much less energy
per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration
 much energy still store in ethanol / lactic acid
 3 State the word equation for glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide
anaerobic respiration in yeast

4 State the balanced chemical C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

equation for anaerobic respiration
in yeast

5 State the word equation for glucose → lactic acid

anaerobic respiration in muscles
during vigorous exercise

6 State that lactic acid builds up in
muscles and blood during
vigorous exercise causing an
oxygen debt
 during vigorous exercise, muscles carry out
anaerobic respiration which produces lactic acid
 this causes lactic acid to build up in muscles and
blood causing an oxygen debt*

7 Outline how the oxygen debt is
removed after exercise
 oxygen debt is removed after exercise by
- continuation of fast heart rate to transport lactic
acid in the blood from the muscles to the liver
- continuation of deeper and faster breathing to
supply oxygen for aerobic respiration of lactic acid
- aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver

*oxygen debt means extra oxygen need to be breathed in after exercise which is used to remove
lactic acid from the body. This is the reason why our breathing rate remains high and takes a few
minutes to return to resting level after exercise.