THE WESTMINSTER SCHOOL, DUBAI

SUBJECT: Science Name:

Topic: Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration YEAR: 8

1. Describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

A: Aerobic respiration needs oxygen. It is the release of a relatively large amount of energy in
cells by the breakdown of food substances in the presence of oxygen:

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Anaerobic respiration does not need oxygen. It is the release of a relatively small
amount of energy in cells by the breakdown of food substances in the absence of
oxygen.

glucose → lactic acid

2. Explain why sprinters respire anaerobically and marathon runners respire aerobically?
A: Sprinters respire using anaerobic respiration in their race because their
bodies do not take in enough oxygen during the race to carry out aerobic
respiration.

3. Name the component of blood that carries oxygen around the body.

A: Oxygen is carried by the red blood cells in your body, red blood cells contain Haemoglobin. Oxygen joins with haemoglobin gets carried around the
body in the blood vessels. When its reaches a cell requiring oxygen , the oxygen diffuses into the cell.

4. Explain in detail how the reactants of respiration get into the cells and what happens to the products of respiration?

Ans : Refer to text book page no: 31

5. What is fermentation? List 3 products that are made using fermentation.

Ans :Fermentation is an anaerobic process performed by a cell to generate
chemical energy.
Yeast uses sugar as energy and releases carbon dioxide and ethanol
as waste. Yeast and fermentation have been used for thousands of
years when making bread, wine and cakes.

6. Complete the following:

In aerobic respiration the reactants are__glucose __________ and ____Oxygen___________. The products are ___water_________
and___________carbon__ dioxide. _____Energy______ is also released.

In anaerobic respiration the reactant is only ____glucose____________. The product is ____Lactic acid_________. A ________little______ energy is
released. This is because _not all___________ the energy is released from each glucose molecule.

Anaerobic respiration takes place in cells when there is not enough ___oxygen____available but energy is required. This can happen when you
____excercise ________ vigorously. It can cause muscle___cramp__ and ____ fatigue_. To get rid of the lactic acid you _____pant_____ in order to
get a good supply of oxygen. The amount of oxygen required to do this is called ___oxygen debt________.

Word box
You can use the words once or more than once.

Carbon, Oxygen, Little, Cramp, Pant, Lactic Acid, Water, Oxygen Debt, Exercise, Not all, Energy, Glucose, Fatigue

7. The blood of an athlete was tested before, during and after a 400m race:
 Complete the following table about each section of the race:

Section of Strategy Anaerobic or Explanation

race aerobic
respiration?
A to B Sprint start

B to C Stops
accelerating
and maintains
pace

C to D Sprint finish

D to E Warm down,
(after the then rest
race has
finished)

ANSWER

Sectio Strategy Anaerobic or Explanation

n of aerobic
race respiration?
A to B Sprint start Anaerobic Sudden increase in exercise, not enough oxygen,
respires anaerobically, produces lactic acid, and
causes increase in lactic acid levels.

B to C Stops Aerobic Breathing rate will have increased, oxygen

acceleratin levels also increased, can now respire
g and aerobically, no more lactic acid produced. Level
maintains stays same as no extra oxygen available to break
pace it down.

C to D Sprint Anaerobic Sudden increase in exercise, not enough oxygen,

finish respires anaerobically, produces lactic acid, and
causes increase in lactic acid levels.

D to E Warm Aerobic Decrease in intensity of exercise, breathing rate

(after down, will still be high, extra oxygen can break down
the then rest lactic acid. Paying back oxygen debt, decreasing
race amount of lactic acid as it is reacts with oxygen
has producing carbon dioxide and water.
finishe
d)