Professional Documents
Culture Documents
'S
Mathematics Chapter Notes
JU
BY
Class Notes
Chapter Notes
Number Systems
'S
JU
Grade 9
BY
1
Topics
Number Line
Types of Numbers
2.1 Natural Numbers
2.2 Whole Numbers
2.3 Integers
2.4 Rational Numbers
2.5 Equivalent Rational Numbers
2.6 Irrational Numbers
Real Numbers
'S
Decimal Expansion of Real Numbers
JU
4.1 Terminating
4.2 Non-Terminating
BY
Laws of Exponents
2
Mind Map
Natural Rational
Numbers Numbers
Whole Numbers
Irrational
Integers Numbers
Type of
Numbers
Systems
Operations on
Laws of
Rational
Exponents
Numbers
Decimal
Expansion
Decimal Expansion
Decimal Expansion
of Rational
of Real Numbers
Numbers
3
1. Number Line
-2 1 0 1 1 -1 2
4 2
4
2.4 Rational Numbers Equivalent Rational
2.5
Numbers
A rational number can be Rational numbers do not
𝑝
expressed as , where 𝑝 and 𝑞 have a unique representation
𝑞 𝑝
are integers and 𝑞 ≠ 0 in the form .
𝑞
1 3 1 1 2 12
Example: , , − , … Example: = = , and so on
2 4 2 2 4 24
5
3. Real Numbers
Rational Numbers
𝟓 𝟕
… , − , 𝟎, 𝟎. 𝟖, 𝟏, 𝟐, , …
𝟐 𝟑
Integers
… , −𝟏, 𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, …
'S
Whole Numbers
JU
𝟎, 𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, …
BY
Natural Numbers
𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, …
Irrational Numbers
… , 𝟓, 𝟕, 𝝅, …
6
4. Decimal Expansion of Real
Numbers
RECURRING NON-RECURRING
Rational Irrational
Rational Number
Number Number
'S
We often take the approximate value of 𝜋 as
JU
22 22
, but 𝜋 ≠
7 7
BY
𝒑
5. Decimal Expansion of Rational Numbers
𝒒
𝟐𝒏 , 𝟓𝒎 or 𝟐𝒏 × 𝟓𝒎 𝟐𝒏 , 𝟓𝒎 or 𝟐𝒏 × 𝟓𝒎
Example: Example:
1 1
25 27
7
6. Operations on Real Numbers
Example: Example:
Example:
3 3× 2=3 2
3÷4=
4 'S
3× 2=3 2
(1 + 2) + (1 − 2) = 2
JU
BY
8
6.4 Identities on Real Numbers
𝑎𝑏 = 𝑎 𝑏
𝑎 𝑎
=
𝑏 𝑏
𝑎− 𝑏
'S
𝑎+ 𝑏 =𝑎−𝑏
JU
𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 𝑎2 − 𝑏
BY
2
𝑎+ 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 2 𝑎𝑏
2
𝑎− 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 − 2 𝑎𝑏
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6.5 Rationalisation
Rationalising Simplified
Denominator
Factor Form
𝑎+ 𝑏 𝑎− 𝑏 𝑎2 − 𝑏
𝑎− 𝑏 𝑎+ 𝑏 𝑎2 − 𝑏
𝑎+ 𝑏 'S
𝑎− 𝑏 𝑎−𝑏
JU
BY
10
7. Laws of Exponents
𝑎𝑚 × 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚+𝑛 𝑎0 = 1
1
𝑎𝑚 𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚𝑛 = 𝑎−𝑛
'S 𝑎𝑛
JU
1
𝑎𝑚
= 𝑎𝑚−𝑛 𝑛
𝑎=𝑎 𝑛
BY
𝑎𝑛
𝑚
𝑛
𝑎𝑚 × 𝑏 𝑚 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑚
𝑎𝑚 = 𝑎 𝑛
11