Aim of the Experiment:

Determination of Indicated Power (IP)of 4 cylinder 4 stroke cylinder petrol engine using Morse
test.

Experimental Setup:
1) 4 cylinder 4 stroke verticalwater cooled engine
Make - Maruti Suzuki
Bore -73 mm
Stroke -71.5 mm
Displacement-1200cc
Compression ratio: 11.1
Rated output: 80-86bhp@ 5500-6500rpm
2) Hydraulic Arm length -358 mm
3) Fuel arrangement with graduated burette
4) Orifice diameter, d= 24mm)
5)Stop watch

Speed Load
(RPM) (hg)

Bellery
uel aupply
Cocling Waler in

Throtle

Oulput ahaft Dytanneter

4 cylinder 4 stroke Englne Flywheol
Cooling Waler out

Waler a
Ebhaal aw

Calorleler

Walar in Waluroul

Fig.1 Schematic dlagram of the experlmental set up

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Theory:
Brake Power: RP ZiNT
60000 (kw)
where, N= speed in rpm
T=Torque in Nm
T= W.R
W= Lcad in dynamometer (N),
R= radius of arm of the dynamometer (0.358 m)

Morse Test:

The indicated power and the mechanical efficiency of a multi-cylinder auto engine is found out
by this test.The Morse test consists of making inoperative, in turn,each cylinder of the engine
and noting the reduction in brake power developed. Witn petrol engine each cylinder is
rendered inoperative by shorting the spark plug; with a diesel engine by cutting off the fuel
supply.
In this test, the engine is first run at the required speed by adjusting the throttle inSl engine
and the output is measured. The throttle rack is locked in this position. Then one cylinder is cut
out by short circuiting the spark plug in the Sl engine. Under this condition all other cyiinders
will motor the cut out cylinder and the speed and output drops. The engine speed is brought
back to its original speed by reducing the load. This will ensure that the îrictional power ioss is
same.

It is assumed that the f.p. of the inoperative cylinder remains the same as it were when the
cylinder was operative

Let, B=b.p. of the engine with all cyinders operative

BË=b,p. of the engine with cylinder no. 1inoperative
Bz=b,p. ofthe engine with cylinder no. 2inoperative
Bg=b.p. ofthe engine with cylinder no. Sinoperative
B4=b.p. ofthe engine with cylinder no.4inoperative
li, Iz, ls andl4 =i.p. of cylinders 1, 2,3 and 4respectively.
F,Fz, P and F =£p. of cylinders 1, 2, 3and 4respectively.
Therefore, B=(l1-Fi)+2-P)+(3-F)+l4-F)
=1+h+l3+l) -(F1+F2+Ps +F4)
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 BË (I2 +I3+l) - (EI +F2 +F3 +F)
Some power is lost due to movement of piston inside the cylinder. Then.
From the above equations, B- B] =l:
Similarly, B- B= l2
B- B3 = ls.
and B-B4 =ls
Thereforc, total i.p. of the engine =Ii +I2 +ls +l4 =I (say)
and mechanical efficiency =B/l.

When the Morse test is cairied out:

(0) The b.p. should be measured as soon as possible after making cylinder inoperative.
(ii) The dynamometer load should be adjusted soon to bring the speed to its constant value
for the test; otherwise the engine may race. Inorder to plot i.p., b.p. and rm a series
of tests should be conducted at predeterminedengine speeds because b.p. varies with
load and speed.

Procadure:
The engine is started and run with all the cylinders working at a constant speed and the
parameters needed for calculation of BP (load, Win dynamometer and Speed, N of the
engine) are noted.
Then the required engine is cut off by the respective knife switch.
The speed of the engine is adjusted to the original value by reducing the load at the
dynamometer without changing the throttle position.
The power developed in threeworking cylinders is noted (bytaking down the required
observations).
The difference between the brake power of the four cylinders and the three cylinders is
the indicated power of the cut off cylinder.
The same process is repeated for the rest of the three cylinders and their lP found out.
Ihe total lP of the 4 cyiinder engine is the sum of IP of the individual cylinders.
Morse test should be carried out only after the engine running conditions are stabilzed
at the required BP.
The speed and load of the engine are adjusted quickly when a cylinder is cur-ou s
large timne lapse might result in changein working conditions of the engine. run with
should be
Immediately after the required observations are noted, thetheengine
engine with cu-off
cylinder.
a!! the cylinders running to minimize therunning time of severelyincreasethe
may
Cutting off of two cylinders simultaneously is avoided since it
vibrations deveioped by the engine. 3|Pag e
 Observation Table:
Calculation:
Performance Parameters
Dynmometer Brake IP of
Engine speed
Test Run Power individual
{rpm) load (kgf)
cylinder (kw)
(kW)

Allcylinders working
Cylinderlis cut-off
Cylinder 2is cut-off
Cylinder 3 is cut-off

Cylinder 4 is cut-off

Precaution:
Oil leakage should not be there
Exhaust outlet should be outside the room
result
Steady state must be attained to obtain accurate

Conclusion:

efficie

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