PRESENT SIMPLE

FUNCTIONS:
a. To express a habitual or repetitive action: always, often, generally, usually, sometimes,
rarely, seldom, never

e.g:
1. I always go to school by bus every day.
2. They generally stand on their points of view.
3. Albert never takes a bath in the morning.

b. To state a general truth, scientific law, natural law and customs

e.g:
1. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
2. Japanese bend their heads when they meet others.
3. Solar eclipse occurs when the moon is between the sun and the earth.

c. To talk about schedules, timetable, programs, events, itinerary and routines.

e.g:
1. President Jokowi opens the international conference on climate change in Bali next
week.
2. The film starts at 8 p.m.
3. Our train arrives at 10 tomorrow.

d. As a clause in a conditional sentence.

e.g:
1. If you mix red and green, you get yellow.
2. If you are diligent, you will be successful.
3. If I have money, I will treat you.

e. To express a command or request.

e.g:
1. When you meet him, please send my regards to him.
2. Open the windows, please!
3. Please help me carry this suitcase.

2. Using “BE” :
PATTERN :
He
She
It is adjective
S They + am + adverb
We are noun
I
You

e.g.:
1. Andrew is very kind. (Andre sangat baik.)
2. I am in my class. (Saya ada di kelas.)
3. Lucy and Edward are doctors. (Lucy dan Edward adalah dokter.)
 NEGATIVE:
He
She
It is adjective
no
S They + am + + adverb
t
We are noun
I
You

e.g.:
1. Michelle is NOT hungry. (Michelle tidak lapar.)
2. I am NOT in the canteen. (Saya tidak berada di kantin.)
3. We are NOT teachers. (Kami bukan guru.)

YES-NO QUESTIONS

He
Is She
Am It adjective
Are + S They + adverb ?
Isn’t We noun
Aren’t I
You

e.g.:
1. Is Martha present? (Apakah Martha hadir?)
2. Isn’t Patrick sick? (Apakah Patrick tidak sakit?
3. Am I in the wrong place? (Apakah saya berada di ruang yang salah?)
4. Are you a nurse? (Apakah Anda perawat?) Apakah Anda seorang perawat?
5. Aren’t you tired? (Apakah kamu tidak lelah?) Apakah kau tidak lelah?

SPECIAL NOTE :
3. Aren’t I kind to you? (Apakah aku tidak baik padamu?)
4. Aren’t I in the right position? (Apakah saya tidak berada di posisi yang benar?)
5. Aren’t I a good friend for you? (Apakah aku bukan seorang teman yang baik untukmu?

2. Using “VERB” :
A. SINGULAR SUBJECT : He, Andrew, She, Chelsea, It, The cat, The dog, etc.)

PATTERN :
He
V-s
She
+ V-es
It
V-ies

e.g.:
 1. Andrew works as a technician. (Andrew bekerja sebagai teknisi.)
2. He annoys his little sister by hiding her toys. (Dia mengganggu adiknya dengan
menyembunyikan mainannya.)
3. He surveys the market to understand the demand for their product. (Dia mensurvey pasar
untuk mengetahui permintaan barang.)
4. My mother always puts my bag in my table. (Mama selalu menaruh tasku di meja.)
5. He does his homework in the evening. (Dia mengerjakan PRnya sore hari.)
6. The priest blesses the congregation at the end of the service. (Pendeta memberkati
umatnya di akhir pelayanannya.)
7. She brushes her long hair to keep it smooth and tidy. (Dia menyisir rambutnya yang
panjang agar kelihatan rapi dan indah.)
8. He punches the boxing bag to practice his skills. (Dia meninju karung plastic untuk elatih
kemampuannya.)
9. She unboxes the gift with excitement. (Dia membuka hadiahnya dengan penuh sukacita.)
10. A bee buzzes around the flowers in the garden. (Seekor lebah mendengung di atas bunga-
bunga di taman.)
11. He applies for a job at the local bookstore. (Dia melamar pekerjaan di took buku
setempat.)
12. The dog buries bones in the backyard. (Anjingnya mengubur tulang di halaman belakang
rumah.)

NEGATIVES
PATTERN :
He
She DOES NOT
+ + V-1
It DOESN’T

e.g.:
1. Andrew doesn’t work as a plumber. (Andrew tidak bekerja sebagai tukang gali sumur.)
2. He doesn’t annoy me. (Dia tidak menggangguku.)
3. He doesn’t survey the market for his research. (Dia tidak melakukan survey pasar untuk
penelitiannya.)
4. My mother doesn’t put your bag in the kitchen. (Mama tidak menaruh tasmu di dapur.)

5. He doesn’t do his homework in the morning. (Dia tidak mengerjakan PRnya di pagi hari.)

YES-NO QUESTIONS
PATTERN :
He
DOES She
+ + V-1 ?
DOESN’T It
e.g.:
1. Does he always help you? (Apakah dia selalu membantumu?)
2. Does Lucy usually come on time?(Apakah Lucy biasanya datang tepat waktu?)
3. Doesn’t your mother give you money every day? (Apakah mamamu tidak memberimu
uang setiap hari?
4. Doesn’t your dog sometimes bark at night? (Apakah anjingmu kadang-kadang tidak
menggonggong setiap malam?)

WH-QUESTIONS : What, Who, Whom, Whose, Where, When, Why, How, How many, How
old, How often, ect.
PATTERN :
What He
Where She
When DOES It
+ + + V-1 ?
How DOESN’T
How many
etc.

e.g.:
1. What does your mother tell you before you go to school? (Apa yang mamamu katakan
padamu sebelum kau berangkat ke sekolah?)
2. Why does she say that? (Mengapa dia mengatakan hal itu?)
3. When does the cat purr away? (Kapan kucingnya lari ketakutan?
4. Where does she usually go? (Kemana dia biasanya pergi?)

B. PLURAL SUBJECTS : They, We, I, You, The cats, The dogs, etc.)
PATTERN :
They
We
I
You
+ V-1
Andrew and Lucy
Patrick and I

e.g.:
1. They work in a lawyer’s office. (Mereka bekerja di kantor pengacara.)
2. We annoy his little sister by hiding her toys. (Kami mengganggu adiknya dengan
menyembunyikan mainannya.)
3. You never return my money. (Kamu tidak pernah mengembalikan uangku.)
4. Andrew and Lucy always share with us. (Andrew dan Lucy selalu berbagi dengan kami.)
5. Patrick and I rarely meet each other. (Saya dan Patrick jarang ketemu satu sama lain.)
NEGATIVES
PATTERN :
They
We
I DO NOT
+ + V-1
You DON’T
Andrew and Lucy
Patrick and I

e.g.:
1. They don’t know whenever he skips his class. (Mereka tidak tahu kapan saja dia
membolos dari kelasnya.)
2. We don’t understand why you treat us like this. (Kami tidak tahu mengapa kamu
memperlakukan kami seperti ini)
3. You don’t know if I have passed my exam. (Kamu tidak tahu jika saya sudah lulus ujian
4. Andrew and Lucy don’t care about your behaviour. (Andrew dan Lucy tidak peduli
dengan tingkahmu.)

YES-NO QUESTIONS
PATTERN :
they
we
DO I
+ + V-1 ?
DON’T you
Andrew and Lucy
Patrick and I

e.g.:
1. Do they always help you? (Apakah mereka selalu membantumu?)
2. Do Andrew and Lucy usually come on time?(Apakah Andrew dan Lucy biasanya datang
tepat waktu?)
3. Don’t your mothers give you money every day? (Apakah mama kalian tidak memberi
kalian uang setiap hari?
4. Don’t your dogs sometimes bark at night? (Apakah anjing kalian kadang-kadang tidak
menggonggong setiap malam?)

WH-QUESTIONS : What, Who, Whom, Whose, Where, When, Why, How, How many, How
old, How often, ect.
PATTERN :
What they
Where we
When DO I
+ + + V-1 ?
How DON’T you
How many Andrew and Lucy
etc. Patrick and I
e.g.:
1. What do youtell him before he goes to school? (Apa yang Anda katakan padanya
sebelum dia berangkat ke sekolah?)
2. Why do you hate me? (Mengapa kamu membenciku?)
3. When do the birds lay their eggs in their nests? (Kapan burung-burung bertelur di
sarangnya?
4. Where do they usually go? (Kemana mereka biasanya pergi?)

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

a. To talk about an on-going activity in the present time.

e.g:
1. We are having lunch now
2. I am studying English now.
3. My father is sunbathing at the moment.

b. To tell about fixed plans or personal arrangements.

e.g:
1. The couple are getting married next month.
2. We are visiting our grandpa next Sunday.
3. I am buying a new car next month.

c. To express a temporary activity.

e.g:
1. My sister is studying Geology at the University of Indonesia.
2. I am watching a movie tonight.
3. We are staying in Mansion Hotel until tomorrow morning.

d. To express an improper activity.

e.g:
1. My sister is always mocking me.
2. Alex is always driving me insane.
3. They are always complaining all the time.

PATTERN :
He
She
It is
They + am + V-ing
We are
I
You
e.g.:
1. Andrew is doing his homework now. (Sekarang Andre sedang mengerjakan PRnya.)
2. I am working on my project now. ( Sekarang saya sedang mengerjakan proyek saya.)
3. Lucy and Edward are finishing their projects at this moment. (Saat ini Lucy dan Edward
sedang menyelesaikan proyek mereka.)

NEGATIVES
PATTERN :

He
She
It
They is
We + am + NOT + V-ing
I are
You
Andrew and Lucy
Patrick and I

e.g.:
1. Andrew is NOT playing tennis now. (Sekarang Andrew sedang tidak bermain tennis.)
2. I am NOT studying Physics now. ( Sekarang saya sedang tidak belajar Fisika.)
3. Lucy and Edward are NOT enjoying their holiday at this moment. (Saat ini Lucy dan Edward
sedang tidak berlibur.)

YES-NO QUESTIONS
PATTERN :

He
She
IS
It
AM
they
ARE
+ we + V-ing ?
ISN’T
I
AREN’T
you
Andrew and Lucy
Patrick and I

e.g.:
1. Is he helping you now? (Apakah dia sedang membantumu sekarang?)
2. Am I doing something wrong? (Apakah saya sedang melakukan sesuatu yang salah?)
3. Are Andrew and Lucy going out? (Apakah Andrew dan Lucy sedang pergi keluar?)
4. Isn’t Ms. Evi teaching in Class 10 now? (Apakah Ibu Evi sedang tidak mengajar di kelas 10
saat ini?)
 5. Aren’t you watching TV now? (Apakah kamu sedang tidak menonton TV sekarang?)
6. Aren’t I working on your proposal? (Apakah saya sedang tidak mengerjakan proposal
Anda?)

WH-QUESTIONS : What, Who, Whom, Whose, Where, When, Why, How, How many, How
old, How often, ect.
PATTERN :

What IS they
Where AM we
When ARE I
+ + + V-ing ?
How ISN’T you
How many AREN’T Andrew and Lucy
etc. Patrick and I

e.g.:
1. What is Patrick doing now? (Apa yang sedang Patrick kerjakan sekarang?)
2. Why are you holding my hand like this? (Mengapa kamu memegangi tanganku seperti
ini?)
3. Where are they hiding my hat? (Kemana mereka sedang menyembunyikan topi saya?)
4. Who are standing over there? (Siapa yang sedang berdiri di sana?)
 FOCUSED PRACTICE 1
Name : _________________
Class : ______ No.:
_______

I. Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs
in brackets.
1. .......... (you / chat) on the phone? I need your help.
2. ............ (you / understand) the exercise?
3. ............. (you / often / listen) to classical music?
4. ............. (you / understand) the homework? Can you explain it to me?
5. Adam and Chris .......... (listen) to some music on their phone at the moment.
6. Alice .......... (think) of travelling to South America this summer.
7. Amy and Sarah .......... (want) to go on holiday to Italy or Spain.
8. Are you reading the new Elena Rose book? What ............. (you / think) of it?
9. Carla ............. (send) a lot of text messages, so she’s always on her phone.
10. Harry .......... (live) with his grandparents while his parents are decorating their house.
11. Hurry up! Your friends .......... (wait) for you downstairs!
12. I .......... (look) for my camera but I just can’t see it anywhere.
13. I .......... (not, ride) my bike every day.
14. I .......... (not, understand) this Maths problem.
15. I’m not sure I understand. What ............. (it / mean)?
16. Look! She .......... (run) really quickly.
17. Manu .......... (not, see) his friends every day after school.
18. My sister .......... (have) blonde hair and blue eyes.
19. Neil isn’t at school today. He .......... (not feel) very well.
20. Our football team ............ (practice) hard for the competition on Saturday.
21. That smells really nice! What .......... (you / cook)?
22. They .......... (stay)at home because they are ill.
23. We .......... (not go) to the cinema very often.
24. We .......... (not, enjoy) going to the beach when there are lots of people.
25. We .......... (not, have) any lessons when it’s the festival.
26. What ............. (listen) to? It sounds like a group that I know.
27. What’s Madrid like? ............. (have) a good time?
28. Why ............. (talk) to me that way? Are you upset?
 29. You ............. (always / watch) TV. You should go and get some fresh air!
30. You look worried. What ............. (you / think) about?

II. Complete the conversation with the present simple or present continuous form of the
verbs in brackets.
A: Hi, Tamsin. How are you?
B: I’m fine. What ............... (you / do) at the moment?
A: Well, it’s five o’clock in the afternoon in Argentina. I ............... (sit) outside.
B: Lucky you! It’s ten o’clock at night here! What time ............... (your classes/finish)?
A: School ............... (end) at two o’clock. That’s why I ............... (relax) now!
B: My school day ............... (start) at nine o’clock and it ............... (not, finish) until five
o’clock.
A: ............... (you / study) now?
B: Yes, I am. I ............... (do) my English homework but I’m fed up with it!
A: Never mind. At least you ............... (practise) your English now!

III. Complete the blog post with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

I’m Besim. I usually .......... (1. speak) Turkish at

home, but today I .......... (2. speak) English, because
my friend William from England .......... (3. stay) with
me at the moment. He .......... (4. come) to school
with me every day. William has just started learning
Turkish, so there are a lot of words he .......... (5. not, know). He .......... (6. not understand)
me and my friends when we chat. I have to translate for him. My English .......... (7.
improve), but his Turkish .......... (8. not, get) better!

IV. Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous form of these
verbs. Use the same verb for both gaps.

eat listen play snow study tidy watch wear

1. I often ............. cereal for breakfast, but this morning I ............ toast.
2. My friends and I often ............. together but today we ............ on our own.
3. My sister ............. her room at the moment – she only ............ it once a week.
4. That’s strange – look, it ............. outside. It never ............ in June!
5. Today Peter ............. to the radio, although he usually ............ to music on his MP3
player.
 6. Today she ............. jeans, but most of the time she ............ a skirt.
7. We ............. tennis from Wimbledon on the TV now. We ............ it every year.
8. We usually ............. volleyball, but at the moment we ............ basketball.

V. Complete the text with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs in
brackets.

Young chefs
Antonio comes from Brazil, but at the moment
he ............. (1. visit) his aunt in Brighton. He .............
(2. stay) with his English aunt for the school holidays.
He (3. like) his aunt very much, so today he .............
(4. want) to cook dinner for her.
Antonio says:
‘English food ............. (5. taste) very different from the food back home. To be honest, I
think it is a bit boring. So today I ............. (6. make) a traditional Brazilian meal for my
aunt to try. I ............. (7. use) a recipe I found on the internet. It ............. (8. look) good
in the photos, so let’s hope she likes it!’

VI. Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs
in brackets.
Do you want to find your DREAM?
It’s OK if you’ve got a dream, but what if you ............. (1. want) to find something cool to
do and aren’t sure what it is yet?
A lot of people who ............. (2. not, know) what they want end up doing what other
people think they should do. Ask people what their dreams are and you often find they’re
different from what they ............. (3. actually / do) right now. Be the one who’s brave
enough to do something different!
Think: What ............. (4. you / always / think) about? ............. (5. you / feel) excited about
sport, art, music …? What can’t you live without? If you ............. (6. always / complain)
because you have to practise the piano and can’t help being envious of the drummer in
that band – quit the piano and learn the drums instead.
The important thing is to set goals to keep yourself motivated. If you stick to them, you’ll
soon realise that you ............. (7. improve) all the time and are well on the way to
achieving your dream!