CUET – 2023

Biology

Mock Paper - 1

Time: 45 min Maximum Marks: 200

General Instructions:

(i) Total duration of Biology Paper is 45 min.

(ii) You have to attempt any 40 questions out of 50 in each Domain subjects.

(iii) All the questions provided are in MCQ format and have only single correct option.

(iv) Each question carries 5 marks. For each correct response, the candidate will get 5 marks. For
each incorrect response 1 mark will be deducted from the total score.

Note: Select the most appropriate option from those given below for each question:

1. Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of ATP in eukaryotic cells?

(a) Nucleus

(b) Endoplasmic reticulum

(c) Mitochondrion

(d) Golgi apparatus

2. In humans, the site of fertilization is the:

(a) Ovary

(b) Uterus

(c) Fallopian tube

(d) Cervix

3. The enzyme responsible for the conversion of glucose to ethanol in yeast during anaerobic
respiration is:

(a) Amylase

(b) Zymase

(c) Catalase
(d) Protease

4. Which of the following is an example of a connective tissue in the human body?

(a) Blood

(b) Skeletal muscle

(c) Nervous tissue

(d) Epithelial tissue

5.The enzyme responsible for the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template is called:

(a) DNA polymerase

(b) RNA polymerase

(c) Ligase

(d) Helicase

6. Match the Organ System with its Main Function

a) Respiratory System 1.Transport of nutrients and oxygen to cells

b) Circulatory System 2.Exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon

dioxide)
c) Nervous System 3.Control and coordination of body activities

d) Digestive System 4.Breakdown of food and absorption of

nutrients

(a) a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4

(b) a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
(c) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
(d) a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4

7. Match the Scientist with their Contribution to Genetics

a) Gregor Mendel 1. Discovery of the structure of DNA

b) James Watson 2. Laws of inheritance through pea plant

experiments
c) Rosalind Franklin 3. Identification of transposons or
 "jumping genes"
d) Barbara McClintock 4. X-ray diffraction images of DNA

(a) a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4

(b) a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
(c) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
(d) a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4

8. In a DNA molecule, adenine pairs with:

(a) Thymine

(b) Cytosine

(c) Guanine

(d) Uracil

9. The enzyme responsible for the digestion of fats in the small intestine is:

(a) Amylase

(b) Lipase

(c) Protease

(d) Nuclease

10. Which of the following is an example of a monocot plant?

(a) Rose

(b) Mango

(c) Wheat

(d) Pea

11. The process of gametogenesis in females results in the formation of:

(a) Ovum

(b) Sperm

(c) Oocyte
(d) Zygote

12. Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?

(a) Diabetes mellitus

(b) Tuberculosis

(c) Malaria

(d) Influenza

13. Cellular respiration takes place in the ___________ of the cell, where glucose is broken
down to produce energy in the form of ___________.

a) Nucleus, Oxygen

b) Cytoplasm, ATP

c) Mitochondria, Carbon Dioxide

d) Endoplasmic Reticulum, Glucose

14. The law of ___________ states that alleles segregate during gamete formation, while the law
of ___________ assortment explains the independent assortment of genes on different
chromosomes.

a) Dominance, Recessiveness

b) Inheritance, Independent

c) Segregation, Random

d) Genetics, Variation

15. Which of the following statements about the electron transport chain is correct?

(a) Oxygen is the final electron acceptor.

(b) NADH is oxidized to NAD+.

(c) ATP is produced during the electron transport chain.

(d) Electrons move from complex II to complex I.

16. The phenomenon of antigenic shift is associated with which type of virus?

(a) Retrovirus
(b) Influenza virus

(c) Herpesvirus

(d) Adenovirus

17. In the context of population ecology, which factor is most likely to contribute to density-
dependent regulation of population size?

(a) Availability of sunlight

(b) Predation pressure

(c) Temperature fluctuations

(d) Soil composition

18. The formation of a blastopore during embryonic development is characteristic of:

(a) Protostomes

(b) Deuterostomes

(c) Acoelomates

(d) Pseudocoelomates

19. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of adaptive radiation?

(a) Convergent evolution

(b) Rapid diversification into various ecological niches

(c) Homologous structures

(d) Stable environmental conditions

20. The function of the enzyme reverse transcriptase is to:

(a) Synthesize RNA from a DNA template

(b) Synthesize DNA from an RNA template

(c) Repair damaged DNA strands

(d) Remove introns from mRNA

21. Which of the following is a technique used in genetic engineering to introduce foreign genes
into a host organism?
(a) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

(b) DNA fingerprinting

(c) Southern blotting

(d) Recombinant DNA technology

22. The enzyme responsible for the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin during blood clotting is
activated by:

(a) Prothrombin

(b) Thrombin

(c) Plasmin

(d) Fibrinase

23. The Krebs cycle occurs in the:

(a) Cytoplasm

(b) Mitochondrial matrix

(c) Endoplasmic reticulum

(d) Nucleus

24. The phenomenon where an organism exhibits different forms or coloration depending on its
environment is known as:

(a) Cryptic coloration

(b) Aposematism

(c) Batesian mimicry

(d) Polymorphism

25. Which of the following is an example of a coelomate animal?

(a) Flatworm (Platyhelminthes)

(b) Roundworm (Nematoda)

(c) Earthworm (Annelida)

(d) Jellyfish (Cnidaria)

26. In eukaryotic cells, which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids, detoxification
of drugs, and storage of calcium ions?

a) Endoplasmic reticulum

b) Golgi apparatus

c) Lysosome

d) Peroxisome

27. During the process of transcription, what is the primary function of RNA polymerase?

a) Synthesizing RNA from DNA template

b) Reading RNA sequences

c) Proofreading RNA for errors

d) Initiating DNA replication

28. The given diagram shows the transverse section of a young anther. Choose the labellings
showing correct placement of the wall layers from the table given below:

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

(a) Epidermis Middle layers Tapetum Endothecium

(b) Tapetum Endothecium Epidermis Middle layers

(c) Endothecium Tapetum Middle layers Epidermis

(d) Middle layers Epidermis Endothecium Tapetum

29. Which type of selection favors individuals with extreme phenotypes, leading to an increase in
population variance?
a) Stabilizing selection

b) Disruptive selection

c) Directional selection

d) Artificial selection

30. What is the role of the enzyme reverse transcriptase in the life cycle of retroviruses, such as
HIV?

a) Synthesizing RNA from DNA template

b) Synthesizing DNA from RNA template

c) Transcribing mRNA

d) Initiating translation

Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A is false but R is true.

31. Assertion: During photosynthesis, oxygen is produced in the light-dependent reactions.

Reason: The splitting of water molecules releases oxygen as a byproduct.

32. Assertion: In a dihybrid cross, the law of independent assortment holds true.

Reason: The alleles of different genes segregate independently during gamete formation.

33. Assertion: The presence of a large number of stomata on the leaves is an adaptation for
efficient gas exchange.

Reason: Stomata control the movement of gases and water vapor between the plant and the
environment.

34. Assertion: Antibiotics are effective against viral infections.

Reason: Antibiotics target bacterial cell structures and metabolic processes, not viral
components.
35. Assertion: Incomplete dominance results in a blending of phenotypic traits in heterozygous
individuals.

Reason: In incomplete dominance, the dominant allele does not completely mask the expression
of the recessive allele.

36. In the process of natural selection, the driving force for evolution is:

(a) Genetic drift

(b) Mutation

(c) Variation in reproductive success

(d) Gene flow

37. Which of the following is a type of adaptive radiation?

(a) Convergent evolution

(b) Divergent evolution

(c) Coevolution

(d) Parallel evolution

38. The phylum to which humans belong is:

(a) Chordata

(b) Annelida

(c) Mollusca

(d) Arthropoda

39. The process of transcription occurs in the:

(a) Nucleus

(b) Ribosome

(c) Cytoplasm

(d) Mitochondria

40. The phenomenon where a population shows a decrease in size due to a sharp increase in
mortality is called:
(a) Natality

(b) Mortality

(c) Immigration

(d) Emigration

Q. No. 41-45. Read the following paragraph and give answers

Cellular respiration is a fundamental process in living organisms, where cells extract energy from
nutrients to fuel various cellular activities. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into
pyruvate in the cytoplasm, generating a small amount of ATP. The subsequent steps, the Krebs
cycle, and the electron transport chain occur in the mitochondria, producing the majority of ATP
through oxidative phosphorylation. This process is vital for the survival and energy requirements
of eukaryotic cells.

41. Where does glycolysis take place in the cell?

a) Nucleus

b) Cytoplasm

c) Mitochondria

d) Endoplasmic reticulum

42. In which organelle do the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain occur?

a) Nucleus

b) Cytoplasm

c) Mitochondria

d) Endoplasmic reticulum

43. What is the primary product of glycolysis?

a) Carbon dioxide

b) Pyruvate

c) ATP

d) Oxygen

44. Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?

a) Cytoplasm

b) Nucleus

c) Mitochondria

d) Endoplasmic reticulum

45. What is the main function of cellular respiration?

a) Synthesis of DNA

b) Production of energy

c) Formation of lipids

d) Protein synthesis

Q. No. 46-50. Read the following paragraph and give answers

Mendelian genetics, based on the work of Gregor Mendel, describes the inheritance of traits in
organisms. Mendel's laws, including the law of segregation and the law of independent
assortment, explain how genes are passed from parents to offspring. The law of segregation
states that each individual has two alleles for each gene, and these alleles segregate during
gamete formation. The law of independent assortment asserts that genes located on different
chromosomes assort independently during gamete formation.

46. What is the subject of Mendel's work in genetics?

a) DNA structure

b) Inheritance of traits

c) Protein synthesis

d) Cellular respiration

47. According to the law of segregation, how many alleles does an individual have for each
gene?

a) One

b) Two

c) Three

d) Four
48. When do alleles segregate during Mendelian inheritance?

a) Fertilization

b) Gamete formation

c) Zygote formation

d) Embryonic development

49. What does the law of independent assortment explain?

a) How genes are passed from parents to offspring

b) The segregation of alleles

c) The random assortment of genes on different chromosomes

d) The role of DNA in inheritance

50. Which term refers to the alternative forms of a gene?

a) Chromosome

b) Allele

c) Nucleotide

d) Ribosome

Answers

1. Answer: (c) Mitochondrion

 Explanation: The synthesis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) in eukaryotic cells

occurs in the mitochondria through a process called oxidative phosphorylation.

2. Answer: (c) Fallopian tube

 Explanation: Fertilization in humans takes place in the fallopian tube, where the
sperm meets the egg.

3. Answer: (b) Zymase

 Explanation: Zymase is a complex of enzymes in yeast that is responsible for the

fermentation process, converting glucose to ethanol during anaerobic respiration.
4. Answer: (a) Blood

 Explanation: Blood is an example of a connective tissue, as it connects and

transports various substances within the body.

5. Answer: (b) RNA polymerase

 Explanation: RNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA

template during the process of transcription.

6. Answer: (a)

 a) Respiratory System - 2. Exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

 b) Circulatory System - 1. Transport of nutrients and oxygen to cells

 c) Nervous System - 3. Control and coordination of body activities

 d) Digestive System - 4. Breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients

7. Answer: (c)

 a) Gregor Mendel - 2. Laws of inheritance through pea plant experiments

 b) James Watson - 1. Discovery of the structure of DNA

 c) Rosalind Franklin - 4. X-ray diffraction images of DNA

 d) Barbara McClintock - 3. Identification of transposons or "jumping genes"

8. Answer: (a) Thymine

 Explanation: Adenine pairs with thymine in a DNA molecule through hydrogen

bonding.

9. Answer: (b) Lipase

 Explanation: Lipase is the enzyme responsible for the digestion of fats in the
small intestine.

10. Answer: (c) Wheat

 Explanation: Wheat is an example of a monocot plant.

11. Answer: (a) Ovum

 Explanation: Gametogenesis in females results in the formation of eggs, or ova.

12. Answer: (a) Diabetes mellitus

  Explanation: Diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease where the immune
system attacks insulin-producing cells.

13. Answer: (c) Mitochondria, Carbon Dioxide

 Explanation: Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria, where glucose

is broken down to produce energy in the form of ATP and carbon dioxide.

14. Answer: (c) Segregation, Random

 Explanation: The law of segregation states that alleles segregate during gamete
formation, while the law of independent assortment explains the independent
assortment of genes on different chromosomes.

15. Answer: (a) Oxygen is the final electron acceptor.

 Explanation: Oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport
chain.

16. Answer: (b) Influenza virus

 Explanation: Antigenic shift is a phenomenon associated with the influenza virus,

leading to major changes in the viral surface antigens.

17. Answer: (b) Predation pressure

 Explanation: Density-dependent regulation often involves factors like predation,

competition for resources, and disease.

18. Answer: (b) Deuterostomes

 Explanation: Deuterostomes exhibit radial cleavage and the blastopore becomes

the anus during embryonic development.

19. Answer: (b) Rapid diversification into various ecological niches

 Explanation: Adaptive radiation involves the rapid diversification of a group of

organisms into various ecological niches.

20. Answer: (b) Synthesize DNA from an RNA template

 Explanation: Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that synthesizes DNA from an

RNA template.

21. Answer: (d) Recombinant DNA technology

  Explanation: Recombinant DNA technology is used to introduce foreign genes
into a host organism.

22. Answer: (b) Thrombin

 Explanation: Thrombin is an enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during

blood clotting.

23. Answer: (b) Mitochondrial matrix

 Explanation: The Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) occurs in the mitochondrial
matrix.

24. Answer: (d) Polymorphism

 Explanation: Polymorphism refers to the occurrence of different forms or

coloration in a population.

25. Answer: (c) Earthworm (Annelida)

 Explanation: An earthworm is an example of a coelomate animal.

26. Answer: (a) Endoplasmic reticulum

 Explanation: The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the synthesis of lipids,

detoxification of drugs, and storage of calcium ions.

27. Answer: (a) Synthesizing RNA from DNA template

 Explanation: RNA polymerase's primary function during transcription is to

synthesize RNA from a DNA template.

28. (b) Tapetum Endothecium Epidermis Middle layers

29. Answer: (b) Disruptive selection

 Explanation: Disruptive selection favors individuals with extreme phenotypes, leading to
an increase in population variance.
30. Answer: (b) Synthesizing DNA from RNA template
 Explanation: Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme in retroviruses like HIV that synthesizes
DNA from an RNA template.
31. Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
 Explanation: Oxygen is indeed produced in the light-dependent reactions of
photosynthesis, and it is a byproduct of the splitting of water molecules.
32. Answer: (a) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
 Explanation: The law of independent assortment does hold true in a dihybrid cross, but
the reason given is not a correct explanation.
33. Answer: (c) A is true but R is false.
 Explanation: Stomata control the movement of gases, but the statement about the large
number of stomata being an adaptation for efficient gas exchange is not necessarily true.
34. Answer: (c) Immigration
 Explanation: Antibiotics are effective against bacterial infections, not viral infections.
35. Answer: (a) Natality
 Explanation: Incomplete dominance results in a blending of phenotypic traits in
heterozygous individuals.
36. Answer: (c) Variation in reproductive success
 Explanation: Natural selection is driven by the variation in reproductive success of
individuals with different traits.
37. Answer: (b) Divergent evolution
 Explanation: Adaptive radiation is a type of divergent evolution where a single ancestor
species rapidly diversifies into a wide variety of forms to adapt to different environments.
38. Answer: (a) Chordata
 Explanation: Humans belong to the phylum Chordata.
39. Answer: (a) Nucleus
 Explanation: Transcription, the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template,
occurs in the nucleus.
40. Answer: (b) Mortality
 Explanation: A sharp increase in mortality leading to a decrease in population size is
referred to as mortality.
41. Answer: (b) Cytoplasm
 Explanation: Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
42. Answer: (c) Mitochondria
 Explanation: The Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain occur in the mitochondria.
43. Answer: (b) Pyruvate
 Explanation: The primary product of glycolysis is pyruvate.
44. Answer: (c) Mitochondria
 Explanation: Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria.
45. Answer: (b) Production of energy
 Explanation: The main function of cellular respiration is to produce energy in the form of
ATP.
46. Answer: (b) Inheritance of traits
 Explanation: Mendel's work in genetics focused on the inheritance of traits in organisms.
47. Answer: (b) Two
 Explanation: According to the law of segregation, each individual has two alleles for each
gene.
48. Answer: (b) Gamete formation
 Explanation: Alleles segregate during gamete formation according to the law of
segregation.
49. Answer: (c) The random assortment of genes on different chromosomes
 Explanation: The law of independent assortment explains the random assortment of genes
located on different chromosomes during gamete formation.
50. Answer: (b) Allele
 Explanation: Allele refers to the alternative forms of a gene.