Heat exchanger is shell and tube.

The ammoniated brine exiting from ammonia absorption

column must be cooled from 40C to 30C using cooling water available at 20C.
Shell Side
Feed (m)= 40.88 kg/s
Inlet Temp (T1)= 40C
Outlet Temp (T2)= 30C
Tube Side
Inlet Temp (t1)= 20C
Outlet Temp (t2)=29C
Average properties of fluids
a) Tube side (ammoniated brine) at 35C
=987.086 kg/m3
μ=1.62*10-3
Cp=3.555 kJ/kg K
k= 0.49 W/m K
b) Shell side (water) at 25C
=999 kg/m3
μ=8.966*10-4
Cp=4.18 kJ/kg K
k= 0.608 W/m K
1) Heat Balance
Qh=mhCp(T1-T2)
=40.88*3.555*(40-30)
=1453.28 kW
Qh=Qc=mcCp(t1-t2)
1453284=mc*4.18*(29-20)
Mc=38.63 kg/s
2) LMTD
LMTD=10.5C
FT=LMTD Correction Factor
R=0.90 & S=0.5
From graph of FT vs S
FT=0.85
LMTD Corrected= 0.85*10.5=8.9C
3) Heat Transfer Area
Choose overall heat transfer coefficient= 1000 W/m2K
Q= UA(LMTD)
A=1453284/1000*8.9
=162.956 m2
4) Tube Selection
¾ in. OD, 16 BWG tubes
OD= ¾ in.=19.05 mm
ID= 0.62 in. =15.75 mm
Length of tube L=20 ft=6m
¾ in tubes arranged in triangular pitch
TEMA P or S, Floating Head type:
Heat transfer area per tube= 0.3589 m2
Number of tubes= 162.956/0.3589
=454
Nearest tube from table
NT=456
Assuming 4 tube pass and 1 shell pass.
Thus, 114 tubes per pass
5) Shell ID (DF) calculation
We find k1 and n1 factors (0.175 & 2.285 respectively) for triangular pitch
Bundle Diameter Db= 595.4mm
Clearence depends on type of head selected
Thus, clearance for floating head type for given Db= 60 mm
DF=655 mm
Corrected heat transfer area= 0.3589*456= 163.659 m2
Corrected overall heat transfer coefficient
U=995.7 W/ m2K
6) Tube side velocity
No. of passes Np=4
Flow area= (3.14* Dt
2/4) * Nt/Np
= (3.14*0.0165/4)*114
Ap= 0.02222 m2
Vt=
𝑚𝐶
𝐴 𝑎𝜌
=40.88/(0.0222*999)
=1.866 m/s
Velocity is within range 1 to 2 m/s
7) Shell side velocity
Sm= ((P1-D0)Ls)Ds/P1 ; P1= pitch= 23.8mm, Ls=0.8 Ds
=((0.0238-0.01905)*0.524)*0.655/0.0238
=0.0687
Vs=
𝑚𝑐
𝜌𝑠𝑚
=38.63/(999*0.0687)
=0.563 m/s
Nb+1= L/Ls= 6/0.524=11.45
Thus, Nb=11 baffles
8) Shell side heat transfer coefficient
Nnu=jhNRe(NPr)1/3
NRe=
𝜌𝑣𝑠𝐷0
𝜇
=999*0.568*0.01905/0.000897
=8479
Jh=0.006
NPr= 92.176
h0= 92.716*0.608/0.01905= 4167.48 W/m2K
9) Tube side heat transfer coefficient
Nnu=jhNRe
0.8(NPr)1/3
NRe=17903.6
NPr=11.75
Jh=0.0027
Nnu=109
hi=3391.34 W/m2K
10) Overall heat transfer coefficient
Dirt coefficient on shell side hod = 5000 W/m2K
Dirt coefficient on tube side hid= 5555 W/m2K

U= 951 W/m2K
Assumed value and designed value are almost same
Ar =Q/U (LMTD)
=1453284/951*8.9
=171.7 m2
A0= Nt*3.14* Do*L=456*3.14*0.01905*6=162.956
A0/Ar= 162.956/171.7= 0.949
It should be between 1.1 to 1.2
So we change the length to 8 m
A0= Nt*3.14* Do*L=456*3.14*0.01905*8=218.212
A0/Ar= 218.212/171.7= 1.2
11) Pressure Drop Calculations
Tube side Reynolds number Nre= 17903.6
Friction factor f =0.003
𝛥𝑃𝐿 =
8𝑓𝐿𝑣𝑡
2 𝜌𝑡
2𝐷ⅈ
=8*0.003*6*(1.8656)2*987.86/(0.01575*2)
=1571.75 N/m2
𝛥𝑝𝑒 =
2.5𝑣𝑡
2 𝜌𝑡
2
=2.5* 1.86562/2
=4346.22 N/m2
𝛥𝑝𝑇 = 𝑁𝑝(𝛥𝑝𝐿 + 𝛥𝑝𝑒 )
=4*(1571.75 + 4346.22)
=23671.88 N/m2
i.e. within the range of 35 KN/m2 for μ<1mNsec/m2