Indonesia

Presented by :
Luciana Maria Soledad Uhia
Maria Alejandra ALvarez
Alejandro Andres Aponte
Maria Gabriela Orozco Herrera

Teacher:
Mr. Carlos Silva

La Sierra International School

7B

Valledupar, feb 5 ,2024

SOCIAL STUDIES PROJECT PART 1
INDONESIA

Country/Capital: indonesia/jakarta

Geographical Location:Indonesia is an archipelagic country located in Southeast Asia and

Oceania, lying between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It is located in a strategic
location astride or along major sea lanes connecting East Asia, South Asia and Oceania.
Location:Indonesia, the world's largest archipelago, is located between mainland Southeast
Asia and Australia in the Indian and Pacific oceans.
Language(s):
Official Language(s):
Bahasa Indonesia is the official language of Indonesia(The language of the colonizers is Dutch)

Land Area:
Indonesia is the 14th-largest country by area, at 1,904,569 square kilometers (735,358 square
miles). It has the bigges Archipielago in the world being the Malayo archipelago.

Size and Population: Indonesia is the world's fourth most populated country, with a population of
over 279 million people. It's also the world's largest island country, covering 1,904,569 square
kilometers

Flag and Meaning:

Flag Description: The half top of the flag is red while the bottom half of the flag is white
Meaning of the Flag:The red part of the flag means blood and courage while the white
represents spirit and purity.

Form of Government and Hierarchy:

Type of Government: Indonesia has a presidential republic with an elected legislature.
Political Hierarchy: Indonesia is headed by the president, who is the head of government who is
selected each five years. It comes next to the vice-president and a cabinet. The actual president
is Joko Widodo and the vice president is Ma’ruf amin.

Predominant Religion or Religions: -

Major Religion(s): The most practiced religions are: Islam, Protestantism and Catholicism
Main Festivities and Important Days:Islam only recognizes two festivals: the "small festival" of
breaking the fast that marks the end of Ramadan and the "great festival" of sacrifice that marks
the end of the annual pilgrimage to Mecca.

Major Celebrations:
Important National Days: Indonesia also celebrates the Chinese new year on the 22 of January,
but its independence day is on 17th of Agust, celebrating their independence from the Dutch
colonialism in 1945 having each part of Indonesia their own way of celebrating it, although
parties are usually held as well as competitions where competitors complete feats such as
climbing poles that have been covered in grease in order to win a prize. There are also military
parades in many parts of the country and all towns and villages are decorated with Indonesian
flags and ribbons. In the evening of the 17th of August many cities and towns have a fireworks
show. Djakarta Warehouse Project, Jakarta It is a music festival that is held in the country's
capital every December. It has been very popular in the country until it has become the annual
music festival that can be found in Southeast Asia.
Pasola is the most spectacular and significant event in the calendar of zumba people east of
Nusa tenggara. Done in February and March, pasola is a ritual where tribes come together to
perform in games or to represent war games and appease the ancient animist gods with
bloodshed.
Java Jazz is the biggest musical event of the year in Indonesia; a three-day celebration of
contemporary jazz that always proves to be a treat for music lovers from all over the world.
Since its creation in 2005, which attracted 48,000 audience members, Java Jazz has grown in
size and stature.

Most Important Geographical Features: Indonesia has a lot of Geographical features, it's
characterized by active volcanoes having fifty active in Java but it has very fertile rice lands
which are also found in Java and Bali, that are one of the best resorts in the world. There are
also rainforest sounds in Sumatra, Kalimanta and Sulawesi. Indonesia also has savannah
grasslands which can be found in the Nusatenggara Islands.

Climate and Weather:

Climate Zones: Indonesia has an entirely tropical climate shaped by warm water, it's perfect
climate is reached in April and October.
Typical Weather Patterns: Indonesia Rain falls occurring mostly in low areas and montanious
regions. Some cities like Jakarta, Ujung Padang, Medan, Padang and Balikpapan have an
average minimum temperature of 22.8C and being the most high and average of 30.2C.

Culture (Food, Dressing, Music, Art) and Daily Life: -

Traditional Foods: Nasi is rice. Nasi Goreng is fried rice, and is one of the most simplest plates
you can find in Indonesia. There are a lot of types of Nasi Goreng for example with chicken,
seafood, fish or even prawn. You can choose the spicy level of the plate that is eaten at night.
Pempek is made with thin pasta filled with fish, served with a dark sauce calle cuko or cuka. Its
shape can go from a ball to a stick. The kue dadar gulung is a dessert made with thin rolled-up
rice flour pancakes filled with coconut and sugar palm. Their green color comes from panda
leaves that are often used in southeast asia cooking. The Pai susu bali is another dessert, it's a
balinese milk custard tart which is a very popular souvenir in Bali.
Traditional Clothing: The traditional clothing of Indonesia comes with a lot of things for
example : Belangkon which is a headpiece made with Batik fabric which its design is made with
hot wax, the Belangkon is a headpiece worn by men that is now famous among tourists.

Music and Art: The traditional music from Indonesia is composed with a stron beat and
harmony that is influenced from India, Arabic, Chinese ,etc that is clearly seen in their traditional
music genre the dangdut and the gamelan. The Indonesian Crafts and Arts are various as it
includes traditional Javanese and Balinese arts like : silver work, batik, woodcarving, puppet
making, potery, jewelry, pottery, etc.

Daily Life Customs: Indonesia as well as others parts of southeast asia and parts of oceania
have etiquette customs like removing your shoes before entering into a carpeted room, or a
place of worship and even if the hosts remove theirs. Another etiquette that happens is the
“fighting” for paying when it comes to a restaurant because it's a good manner to pay for the
food of others. When visiting it is very good to see when they bring small gifts that mostly don’t
have a high value; this is called oleh oleh.

Significant Social Problems:

Major Social Issues: Indonesia has a lot of major social issues, for example the discrimination
and abuse of the dress code women and girls wear, this also includes their human rights with
bullying causing mental issues to girls from a young age. Another social issue is Sexual
Orientation discrimination, that has caused acts of violence, criminalization and other kinds of
abuses. Other problems are Corruption in the government, economic stability, ethnic and
religious conflicts, poverty, human rights violation, etc.