English 10

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English – Grade 10
Quarter 4 – Module 8: Using Locational Skills to Gather Information from
Primary and Secondary Sources of Information
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Glenda B. Mira
Editors: Marita M. Valerio & Loida G. Tomelden
Reviewers: Marita M. Valerio, Loida G. Tomelden, Rowena D. Roxas
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Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief Curriculum Implementation Division
Victor M. Javena, EdD
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 English 10
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 8
Using Locational Skills to Gather Information from Primary
and Secondary Sources of Information

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Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the English 10 Self-Learning Module on Using Locational Skills

to Gather Information from Primary and Secondary Sources of Information!
This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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 For the Learner:

Welcome to the English Self-Learning Module on Using Locational Skills to

Gather Information from Primary and Secondary Sources of Information!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.

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 EXPECTATIONS

This is your self-learning module in English 10. All the activities provided in
this lesson will help you learn and understand how to use locational skills to gather
information from primary and secondary sources of information.

After going through this self-learning module, you are expected to:

1. Differentiate primary sources of information from secondary information.

2. Apply locational skills in information gathering.
3. Give the importance of these locational skills in gathering information.

PRETEST

Read the following items carefully then answer each item by choosing the
letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of the correct answer in your notebook.

1. Primary source documents are all of the following EXCEPT

A. Analysis of events
B. First-hand accounts of someone's experience
C. An original document that does not analyze other documents

2. Secondary source documents are all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Original materials
B. Interpretations of original documents
C. An analysis of primary sources or events

3. Which of these is NOT an example of a primary source?

A. Diaries written at the time of an event
B. Original uniforms worn at a time in history
C. A poem about World War II from your classmate

4. Which of these is NOT an example of a secondary source?

A. Textbook
B. Diary entry
C. Newspaper articles

5. What type of source is this? A diary titled “Life in the Mines” from a miner named
Lucky Noah who lived in Idaho in the 1870’s.
A. Data
B. Primary
C. Secondary

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 RECAP
Previously, we learned that contrasting is to point out the differences of
different words that we encounter. We also understand the meaning of words when
it is contrasted with another word.
When we gather information for our school reports, we need to know the
sources we are getting them from. We also need to distinguish the importance of
these information.

LESSON

Information comes from both primary and secondary sources. It is important

to know the differences between the two.

Primary sources provide raw information and first-hand evidence. Examples

include interview transcripts, statistical data, and works of art. A primary source
gives you direct access to the subject of your research.

If you are researching the past, you cannot directly access it yourself, so you
need primary sources that were produced at the time by participants or witnesses
(e.g. letters, photographs, newspapers).

If you are researching something current, your primary sources can either be
qualitative or quantitative data that you collect yourself (e.g. through interviews,
surveys, experiments) or sources produced by people directly involved in the topic
(e.g. official documents or media texts).

What are primary sources for? Primary sources are the foundation of original
research. They allow you to:

• Make new discoveries

• Provide credible evidence for your arguments
• Give authoritative information about your topic

If you don’t use any primary sources, your research may be considered unoriginal or
unreliable.

Secondary sources provide second-hand information and commentary from

other researchers. Examples include journal articles, reviews, and academic books.
A secondary source describes, interprets, or synthesizes primary sources.

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 Primary sources are more credible as evidence, but good research uses both
primary and secondary sources.

What do you use secondary sources for? Secondary sources are good for
gaining a full overview of your topic and understanding how other researchers have
approached it. They often synthesize a large number of primary sources that would
be difficult and time-consuming to gather by yourself. They allow you to:

• Gain background information on the topic

• Support or contrast your arguments with other researchers’ ideas
• Gather information from primary sources that you can’t access directly (e.g.
private letters or physical documents located elsewhere)

When you conduct a literature review, you can consult secondary sources to
gain a thorough overview of your topic. If you want to mention a paper or study that
you find cited in a secondary source, seek out the original source and cite it directly.

Remember that all primary and secondary sources must be correctly cited to
avoid plagiarism.

Primary Source Secondary Source

• Novel • Article analyzing the novel
• Painting • Exhibition catalog explaining the
• Letters and diaries written by a painting
historical figure • Biography of the historical figure
• Essay by a philosopher • Textbook summarizing the
• Photographs of a historical event philosopher’s ideas
• Government documents about a • Documentary about the
new policy historical event
• Music recordings • Newspaper article about the new
• Results of an opinion poll policy
• Empirical study • Academic book about the
musical style
• Blog post interpreting the results
of the poll
• Literature review that cites the
study

To determine if something can be used as a primary or secondary source in

your research, there are some simple questions you can ask yourself:

• Does this source come from someone directly involved in the events I’m
studying (primary) or from another researcher (secondary)?
• Am I interested in analyzing the source itself (primary) or only using it for
background information (secondary)?
• Does the source provide original information (primary) or does it comment
upon information from other sources (secondary)?

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 Guided Practice: You're writing a research paper on the problem of
homelessness in your town or city. Which of the following sources would be a
primary source for you and which a secondary?

1. A report from the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities: "Drifting Apart:
New Findings on Growing Income Disparities Between the Rich, the Poor,
and the Middle Class," 1990?
Answer: This is analyzing and interpreting data from a secondary
source.
2. An interview with two homeless persons in your town?
Answer: This is analyzing and interpreting data from a primary source,
because these sources have first-hand knowledge of or raw data on your
topic.
3. A book entitled "The Undeserving Poor: From the War on Poverty to the
War on Welfare," by Michael Katz, 1989?
Answer: This is analyzing and interpreting data from a secondary
source.
4. An article entitled, "The Culture of Poverty," in" On Understanding Poverty:
Perspectives from the Social Sciences"?
Answer: This is analyzing and interpreting data from a secondary
source.
5. A book by Karl Marx entitled, "Capital: A Critique of Political Economy,
1887"?
Answer: This is analyzing and interpreting data from a secondary
source.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: Determine if the source would be a Primary Source (P) or a secondary

source (S). Write your answers in your notebook.

1. A biography about Jose Rizal.

2. A history book describing the life of the Filipinos during the Japanese regime.
3. A TV show explaining what happened in Maguindanao.
4. Ferdinand Marcos’s diary describing what he thought about his political career.
5. A Filipino veteran talking about the war in the Philippines.

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Activity 2: Evaluate and label each image as primary or secondary source. Explain
your answers.

1. A copy of DepEd Order 001, s. 2021

2. COVID-19 Cases Monitoring Report posted on Facebook by PASIG PIO

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3. A news report on a survey on COVID-19 vaccine conducted by pollster Pulse Asia.

4. “We Can Be Heroes” movie review

5. Documentary of Howie Severino as a COVID-19 patient

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Activity 3: Fill the chart below of titles as examples of Primary and secondary
sources.

Primary Sources Secondary sources

WRAP-UP

Write down 3 things you have remembered, 2 examples of what you have
learned, and 1 question you have about the lesson in your notebook.

VALUING

In your notebook, write down the importance of using primary and secondary
sources in your life as a student.

POSTTEST

Choose the correct answer to the following questions. Write the letter of the
correct answer in your notebook.

1. What is a primary source?

A. A source used often.
B. A source created after an event has happened.
C. A source created at the time of an event by an individual who was there.

2. What is a secondary source?

A. A source which is someone's first choice to use for research.
B. A source which is someone's second choice to use for research.
C. A source created after an event has happened by someone not present at
the event.

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3. Which of the following is a secondary source?
A. Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech.
B. A textbook chapter on World War II and its famous battles.
C. A photograph of an immigrant family arriving at Ellis Island.

4. When researching, you do not have to say where you got your information from.
A. True
B. False
C. Maybe

5. Joaquin Bernas was one of the commissioners who wrote the Philippine
Constitution. The Constitution is a ______
A. Primary Source.
B. Secondary Source.
C. Statistical Data.

KEY TO CORRECTION
5. A Answers vary 5. P B 5.
4. B 4. P B 4.
3. B Activity 4 3. S C 3.
2. C 2. S A 2.
1. C Answers vary 1. S A 1.
Posttest Activity 2 Activity 1 Pre-test

References
https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/56c53d8372239aa103437f46/primary-v-
secondary-sources#

https://www.scribbr.com/citing-sources/primary-and-secondary-sources/
https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/DO_s2021_001.pdf
https://www.esc.edu/online-writing-
center/resources/exercises/activities/primary-secondary-sources/
https://www.facebook.com/PasigPIO
https://ph.yahoo.com/news/nearly-half-in-philippines-dont-want-covid-vaccine-
survey-says-062455398.html
https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/we-can-be-heroes-movie-review-2020
Severino, H. 2020. I-Witness: 'Ako si Patient 2828,' dokumentaryo ni Howie
Severino | Full Episode. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KdqgzZJbiCw

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