Q. Write about the main event of the Battle of badr.

The Battle of Badr stands as an important event in early Islamic history, occurring in the second
year after the migration of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as 2 AH. This
battle marked a significant turning point for the Muslim community.

The backdrop of the battle was set when a caravan led by Abu Sufyan, a prominent figure from
the Quraysh tribe in Mecca, was intercepted by a group of around 300 Muslims led by Prophet
Muhammad. The Muslims, though ill-equipped in terms of traditional warfare resources, were
driven by their conviction and belief in the righteousness of their cause. Abu Sufyan, upon
learning of the Muslim interception, sent word to the Quraysh leaders, urging them to send
reinforcements. Despite Abu Sufyan's warning, Abu Jahl, a staunch opponent of Islam, insisted
on continuing towards Badr with an army of approximately 1000 soldiers. Some among the
Quraysh, however, decided to withdraw, leaving the army with 1300 men. Meanwhile, Prophet
Muhammad consulted with his companions, and they decided to confront the Quraysh at Badr.

As the Muslims camped near a water well, heavy rain fell, which further added to the challenges
they faced. However, their resolve remained unshaken. When the battle commenced, individuals
like 'Ali, Hamza, and 'Ubaidah distinguished themselves in combat, with 'Ubaidah becoming the
first martyr after losing his leg in the battle. Despite being outnumbered, the Muslims drew
strength from their faith and perceived the Quraysh army as fewer in number, which bolstered
their morale. The pivotal role of divine intervention is evident in Islamic accounts of the battle.
Prophet Muhammad is said to have prayed for the success of the believers, He said “O Allah! If
this small band of men perish, there will be non one alive to worship you……” The overconfidence
of the Quraysh, fueled by the size of their army, proved to be their downfall. Despite their
advantage, they were unable to withstand the determined assault of the Muslims. Prominent
Quraysh leaders, including Abu Jahl, met their demise in the battle. The defeat of the Quraysh
was a significant blow, strategically and it solidified the position of the Muslims in the region.

Following their victory, the Muslims treated the prisoners of war with dignity and compassion,
reflecting the teachings of Islam regarding the treatment of captives. Some prisoners were
released upon payment of a ransom, while others secured their freedom by teaching ten people
how to read and write, emphasizing the importance of knowledge in Islam. It not only secured a
crucial victory for the early Muslim community but also served as a testament.