7

Science
Quarter 4 – Module 2:
Ways of Using Earth’s Resources
Science – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 2: Ways of Using Earth’s Resources
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Judy Caroline P. Catacutan
Editor: Rachelle M. Bataller
Reviewer: Melanie O. Roldan
Illustrator: Dicena S. Esposo
Layout Artist: Alma M. Arquerro
Management Team: May B. Eclar, CESO III
Librada M. Rubio,PhD
Ma. Editha R. Caparas, EdD
Nestor R. Nuesca, EdD
Larry B. Espiritu, PhD
Rodolfo A. Dizon, PhD
Mary Queen P. Orpilla,PhD

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region III

Office Address: Matalino St., Diosdado Macapagal Center

Maimpis, City of San Fernando (P)
Telefax: (045) 598-8580 to 89
E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov.ph
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Science
Quarter 4 – Module 2:
Ways of Using Earth’s Resources
Introductory Message
The Self- Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learner, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as
you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for a
better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer
the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity
and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in
this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It helps you explain
the ways of using Earth’s resources sustainably. Earth has natural resources:
renewable and non-renewable which should be used wisely. This lesson allows us
to know why people destroy natural resources and to plan and implement a
solution to conserve these resources.

In this module, we shall learn:

Lesson 1: The Earth’s Resources

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. cite and explain ways of using Earth’s resources sustainably;
2. identify the resources of Earth;
3. differentiate renewable resources from non-renewable resources; and
4. give the importance of natural resources to humans.

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 What I Know

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer in your
notebook /on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following resources cannot be replaced once it is used?

a. new resource c. renewable resource
b. non- renewable resource d. reusable resource

2. Which of the following gases is made up mostly of methane?

a. coal c. natural gas
b. fossil fuel d. unnatural gas

3. What do you call a fuel such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas that formed
in the Earth from decayed organisms?
a. fossil fuel c. sedimentary rock
b. natural gas d. unnatural gas

4. Why should we conserve fossil fuels?

a. They are renewable. c. We can make more of them.
b. We can run out of them. d. They can only be found in the ocean.

5. Which of the following helps to make sure that there will be enough moving
water to generate electricity?
a. build a dam c. add fish to the river
b. build a water wheel d. pick up the trash in the river

6. How does solar energy be collected?

a. in a bank c. by a windmill
b. in a bucket d. using cells on large panels

7. Which is a non-renewable resource?

a. coal c. water
b. Sun d. wind

8. What can you burn to produce heat and electricity?

a. fossil fuels c. water
b. the sun d. wind

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9. Where do fossil fuels come from?
a. a house
b. the sun in summer
c. the wind when it blows strong
d. remains of dead plants and animals after many years

10. Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel?

a. coal c. oil
b. gas d. wood

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Lesson

1 Earth’s Resources

All resources used by humans come from the Earth. Many of these resources
are not in endless supply. It has taken millions of years to develop and accumulate
these resources.

The tropical climate and the geological conditions in the Philippines provide
several possibilities to get clean and cheap energy. Do you know which energy
resources are due to these factors? Solar energy, heat from the ground
(geothermal), hydropower (energy from falling water, wind energy, and natural gas).

What’s In

Directions: Find any plastic, bottle, or any material that has a label on its back.
Then, accomplish the table below by answering the given questions. Write your
answers in your notebook / on a separate sheet of paper.

Materials What resources were Where do these resources

used to package them? come from?

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 What’s New
Directions: Make a concept map using the following words in the box. Write your
answers in your notebook /on a separate sheet of paper.

Natural resources minerals rocks/soil water plants

animals energy people conservation

include

are needed
by

have to
practice
measures
toward

Figure 1 Concept Map

What is It

Are We Lucky in the Philippines?

Planet Earth is made up of different things- air, water, plants, animals, soil,
rocks, minerals, crude oil, and other fossil fuels. These things are called natural
resources because they are not made by people; rather they are gathered from
nature. Humans need food as a source of energy. We need water to maintain body
temperature, air to breathe in, firewood for cooking and a source of light. Wind and
water are also harnessed for electricity generation.

https://helpsavenature.com/different-types-of-natural-resources

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 Why do we have rich natural resources? Which of our practices in using
natural resources are sustainable? Which are not sustainable? How can we help
conserve natural resources so that future generations can also enjoy them?

Kinds of Resources
You often hear that the Philippines is rich in terms of resources. We can look
at it into two types- renewable and non-renewable. Let us know the difference
between these two kinds of resources. Both kinds of resources have to be used
wisely.

Kinds of Resources Description Examples

1. Renewable  Resources that can Solar energy
resources be used repeatedly Geothermal energy
and do not run out Water
because they are Wind energy
naturally replaced.
 No harm is done to
the environment
because of their
uses

2. Non- renewable  Natural substances Coal, oil, natural gas

resources that are not
replenished with Metallic mineral resources
the speed at which such as iron, copper, and
they are consumed. aluminum
 They are finite
resources. Their Non-metallic mineral
supply replenishes resources such as clay
naturally. and sand
 Huge harm is done
to the environment
because of the
harmful emissions

The food that people eat comes from plants and animals. Plants are replaced
after each harvest. People also eat animals. Animals have the capacity to reproduce
young animals. Water may dry up but can be replaced when the rain comes. So
these are renewable resources.

Most plants grow in topsoil. Rain and floods wash away topsoil. It takes
thousands of years for soil to form. Metals like copper, iron, and aluminum are
abundant on Earth. But people are using them up fast. They have to dig deeper
into the ground to get what they need. It takes millions of years for dead plants and
animals to turn into fossil fuels. These are non- renewable resources.

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A. Water Resources
The Philippines is surrounded by bodies of water that are the sources of
seasonal rain that fall on land. The two bodies of water: the Pacific Ocean in the
East and the South China Sea in the West are the origins of typhoons. Typhoons
bring lots of rain to the Philippines.

What will happen when there is too much rainfall? It results in flooding,
landslides, and health-related problems. These are the reasons why some have
negative ideas about typhoons and rainfall but they should realize that water is
important for sustaining life.

Where does the water in your community come from? You collect them when
the rain falls or get them from the river, deep well, or spring. But rain does not
come everyday, so water must be stored in nature somewhere else. These waters
come from a watershed. It comes in all shapes and sizes. They cross towns and
provinces. This is the reason why a watershed is sometimes called a catchment
area.

Do you know that Mt. Apo in Davao, Mt. Makiling in Laguna, La Mesa Dam
in Metro Manila, Pantabangan Dam in Pampanga and Angat Dam in Bulacan are
watersheds? These watersheds are sources of water of many communities in the
area. Remember that the main function of a watershed is the production of a
continuous water supply that would maintain the life forms within it.

https://www.vigattintourism.com/tourism https://www.google.com/url?
Figure 1. Some of the water resources found in the Philippines (A). Mt Apo in
Davao ( B). La Mesa Dam in Metro Manila

B. Energy Resources

Why do we need energy? What are our energy sources? Where do we get
energy for electricity? For running buses, jeeps, and cars?
The Philippines is still dependent on imported oil for our domestic and
industrial needs. But the presence of geologic structures or the presence of
volcanoes and trenches and our tropical climate provides several possibilities to get
clean and cheap energy. The images showed the different types of alternative
energy resources that our country has.

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Solar Energy

We have lots of sunshine all year round.

It is free, but the cost of production is

expensive and requires a large area to collect
them.

http://irishsolarenergy.org/11-solar-projects-to-the-
first-round-of-governments-renewable-electricity-support-scheme

Geothermal Energy
We have large deposits because of the
presence of many volcanoes.

Geothermal energy or heat from the ground

is less polluting than crude oil. But when they
are taken from deep under the ground, areas that
have high biodiversity are destroyed.

https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/preparing-for-wgc-
2020-icelands-geothermal-resources-potential/

Geothermal reservoirs are pools of water heated by magma deep below the
surface. Water or steam can escape from cracks in the earth in the form of geysers
(or sometimes as magma from a volcano). The ability to harness the steam is what
powers a geothermal power plant. If before, your association with volcanoes and
trenches was dangerous and risked lives and properties, now you know that the
presence of volcanoes, trenches, and other geological structures is the reason for
the rich mineral deposits in the country. The existence of volcanoes also explains
why the Philippines is rich in geothermal energy (heat from the Earth).

Hydropower / Hydroelectric

How is water used to generate electricity?

We have abundant rain that can be

stored in dams and rivers and other bodies
of water. Hydroelectric power plants use
water to generate electricity.
Hydropower (hydro meaning water) is
https://www.manufacturing.net/chemical-processing/article/13245967/examining-
the-pros-and-cons-of-hydropower
energy that comes from the force moving water. Flowing water creates energy that
can be captured and turned into electricity. The most common type of hydroelectric
power plant uses a dam on a river to store water in a reservoir.

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Natural Gas

Natural gas is a form of fossil fuel, so are coal

and crude oil (sometimes called petroleum). In the
Philippines, we have coal and natural gas deposits.
Coal is a black or brownish-black, solid rock that
can be burned.
Fossil fuels were formed from plants and
animals that lived on Earth millions of years ago.
They are buried deep in the Earth. Natural gas and
oil are taken from the deep through oil rigs. Fossil
fuels are used to produce electricity, run vehicles,
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia and factory machines.
/natural-gas/
Crude oil or petroleum is used as fuel to run engines in factories and
vehicles. However, the use of petroleum or crude oil causes many environmental
problems. Natural gas is the cleanest of all fossil fuels because when burned, it
produces the least carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is naturally present in the air in
small amounts. However, studies show that an increase in carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere results in an increase in atmospheric temperature globally.
Wind Energy

Did you know that in Ilocos Province, giant

windmills are used to generate electricity? Wind
power involves converting wind energy into
electricity by using wind turbines. The reason
why the tower is so tall is that the winds are
stronger higher from the ground.

Wind power is a clean energy source that

https://www.azocleantech.com/news.aspx?newsID=2552
2https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia /na
we can rely on for a long-term future. A wind
turbine creates reliable, cost-effective, pollution-
free energy. It is affordable, clean, and
sustainable.

tural-gas/
One wind turbine can be sufficient to generate energy for a household.
Because wind is a source of energy that is non-polluting and renewable, the
turbines create power without using fossil fuels. That is, without producing
greenhouse gases or toxic waste. This proves that we don’t have to be dependent on
fossil fuel in our country.

C. Mineral Resources
What mineral deposits do we have in the country? The Philippines has
metallic mineral deposits. They are found near volcanoes and trenches. The
important metallic minerals found in various parts of the Philippines include gold,
copper, iron, nickel, cobalt, and platinum.

What is the importance of metals? The properties of metals make them

useful for specific purposes. Iron is the main material for steel bars used in
buildings and road construction. Copper is used in making electrical wires. Tin is
the material for milk cans. Gold is important in making jewelry.

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 The Philippines has also varied non-metallic resources including sand and
gravel, limestone, clay, and other quarry materials. The richness of the Philippines
in terms of mineral resources is being attributed to its location in the so-called
Pacific Ring of Fire.

.
https://www.indiamart com/proddetail/limesto
ne-mineral-10511039891.html
https://www.shellyco.com/2014/01/10
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i& /sand-gravel-used/
https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/limeston
e-

Figure 2. Metallic Resources (a)Gold, (b)copper, Non-Metallic Resources (c) sand &
gravel (d) limestone

Geologists (scientists who study the Earth and the processes that occur in
and on it) explain that there is a continuous source of heat deep under the Earth;
this melts rocks and other materials. Because magma is hotter and lighter, it rises.
If the magma finds a way to the surface it will erupt as lava.

Under favorable temperature and pressure conditions, the metal-containing

rocks continuously melt and redeposit, eventually forming rich-mineral vein.
Though originally scattered in very small amounts in magma, the metals are
concentrated when magma moves and circulates ore-bearing liquids and gases.
This is the reason why metallic mineral deposits such as copper, gold, silver, lead,
and zinc are associated with magmas found deep in the volcanoes.

Do you still see the presence of volcanoes as a disadvantage? The presence

of volcanoes and trenches is the reason for the rich mineral deposits in the
country. We should follow the precautionary measures in volcanic eruptions
especially if there is an active volcano in or near your area. If we are all prepared
and follow PHILVOCS , negative effects are minimized or even avoided.

Conserving and Protecting Natural Resources

The Earth’s natural resources include air, water, soil, minerals, plants, and
animals. Conservation is the practice of caring for these resources so all living
things can benefit from them now and in the future.

Energy is not UNLIMITED! The main reason that energy runs out is because
of the large number of people living on earth. The world’s population is growing
very quickly and most of the energy use today is still based on burning fossil fuels.
People are wasteful with their energy use because it seems like there’s so much of
it.

What is the solution? It’s in our hands to protect and look after the
environment.

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 Use renewable resources like
wind and solar energy instead
of non-renewable resources like
fossil fuels.

Practice the Use those

3 R’s resources which
cause less harm to
(Reduce, Re-use,
Recycle) the environment.

https://nomoreplanet.com/planet-
earth/
RESOURCES

To use natural resources sustainably, we need to rethink which resources to

use and how to use them. We should also ask ourselves if we really need to use
them in the first place. Sustainable resource use occurs when our rate of
consumption can continue forever without damaging the environment.

Humans will always need natural resources to live, so when we consume

resources we should keep in mind the needs of future generations.

Remember: The lives of future generations depend on how we use natural

resources today.

What’s More

Directions: Identify if the picture shows Renewable or Non- renewable energy

resources. Write R for Renewable and NR for Non-renewable. Write your answers in
your notebook/on a separate sheet of paper.

1. 2.

https://now.tufts.edu/articles/how-do-windmills-create-electricity https://www.minexforum.com/en/coronavirus-slams-poland-s-already-troubled-coal-industry/

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3. 4.

https://www.istockphoto.com/photos/gas-cylinder?phrase=gas%20cylinder&sort=mostpopular http://www.annonces-ndl.org/what-are-dams-and-what-they-do/

5.

https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/crude-oil-12171756130.

B. Directions: Write TRUE if the sentence is correct and write FALSE if not. Do
this in your notebook.
1. Water from rivers is the only source for irrigation in the fields.

2. The bodies of water support the survival of diverse organisms for food.

3. Gold, Copper, Iron, and Nickel are examples of non-metallic minerals.

4. Limestone, sand, and clay are some metallic minerals we have in our country.

5. Mineral deposits can be found where volcanoes or trenches are present.

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 What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the paragraph by supplying the appropriate word. Choose

the answers from the word pool. Write your answers in your notebook /on a
separate sheet of paper.

Coal Renewable Electricity Sustainably

Wind energy Water Non-renewable Fossil Fuel

Geothermal Conservation

Solar energy, geothermal energy, water and wind energy are

1.__________________ resources. Coal, oil, natural gas are examples of
2.__________________resources.

3._______________or heat from the ground is less polluting than crude oil.
But when they are taken from deep under the ground, areas that have high
biodiversity are destroyed. Hydropower (hydro meaning water) is energy that comes
from the force moving 4._______________. Flowing water creates energy that can be
captured and turned into 5. ______________. The most common type of hydroelectric
power plant uses a dam on a river to store water in a reservoir.
Natural gas is a form of 6. _____________, so are coal and crude oil
(sometimes called petroleum). In the Philippines, we have coal and natural gas
deposits. 7. ______________is a black or brownish black, solid rock that can be
burned.

8. ____________ is a clean energy source that we can rely on for a long-term

future. A wind turbine creates reliable, cost-effective, pollution-free energy. It is
affordable, clean, and sustainable.

9._____________ is the practice of caring for these resources so all living

things can benefit from them now and in the future. To use natural resources
10_________________, we need to rethink which resources we use and how we use
them. We should also ask ourselves if we really need to use them in the first place.
Sustainable resource use occurs when our rate of consumption can continue
forever without damaging the environment.

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 What I Can Do

Directions: Identify the effects of some human activities on natural resources and the
ways of using the natural resources wisely. Write your answers in your notebook /on a
separate sheet of paper
Human Activities Effects on Natural Ways of Using the
Resources Natural Resources
Wisely
1.

https://www.good.is/articles/burning-plastic

Plastics and other garbage are burned

2.

https://rxmechanic.com/black-smoke-from-exhaust/

Cars, trucks, that emit dark smoke

3.

vectorstock.com/royalty-free-vectors/cartoon-cutting-down-trees-

People cut too many trees for lumber

or building houses
vectors

4.

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-43823883

Plastics and other wastes are thrown

into canals

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 Assessment

Directions: Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your
answers in your notebook / on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the main difference between renewable and non-renewable
resources?
a. how long they can be stored
b. where they are found on Earth
c. how quickly they can regenerate
d. how they are used in our everyday lives

2. Which is NOT an example of renewable resources?

a. geothermal c. solar panels
b. natural gas d. wind turbines

3. Our Earth continually produces heat from beneath its crust. The heat
captured can be used to heat our homes and buildings. What is this energy
called?
a. geothermal energy c. solar energy
b. hydropower d. wind energy

4. In order to achieve sustainability, what are the two things that need protection
for the future?
a. people and resource c. environment and resources
b. environment and people d. none of the above

5. Which of the following BEST describes sustainability?

a. understanding how to meet the needs of the future generations
b. understanding how to meet the needs of the present generation
c. understanding how to meet the needs of the present without
compromising the needs of future generations to meet their own
needs
d. both A and C

6. Which of these is an example of sustainability?

a. private car use c. a power station burning fossil fuel
b. a wind farm out at sea d. none of the above

7. What does a “finite resource” mean?

a. The supply is renewable. c. The resource will continue forever.
b. There is a limited supply. d. none of the above

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8. Where does most of the Earth’s energy come from?
a. environment c. sun
b. people d. water

9. Which of these sentences do not help conserve natural resources?

a. Drink water from a plastic bottle
b. Drive cars less, take a bicycle or walk
c. Turn out lights when they are not needed
d. Plant new trees to replace those that are cut down

10. Why is it important to save energy in our daily lives?

a. We need to burn more fossils.
b. So that other people can waste energy
c. We need to protect our environment for the future.
d. We save electricity because it’s easier to see in the dark.

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 Additional Activities

Be Green Day!
Directions: Make a poster on how you can protect the world and conserve natural
resources.

CATEGORY 4 3 2 1

Graphics- All graphics are All graphics Most Most

Relevance related to the topic are related to graphics are graphics are
and easy to the topic and related to not related
understand. some are easy the topic. to the topic.
to understand.

Attractiveness The poster is The poster is The poster The poster

exceptionally attractive in is is
attractive in terms terms of acceptably distractingly
of design, layout design, layout attractive messy or
and neatness. and neatness. though it very poorly
may be a bit designed.
messy.

Persuasiveness The poster The poster The poster No message

of the message conveys a clear clearly conveys hints a is conveyed.
and important a message. message.
message in a
powerful and
persuasive
manner.

https://www.bmc.org/sites/default/files/Research/Maximizing_OpiOid_Safety_with_Naloxone__MOON__Stu
dy/MOON_Study_Opioid_Safety_and_Naloxone_Public_Awareness_Poster_Contest/2017-Poster-Contest-
Rubric.p

19
 20
What I Know What’s New What I Have Learned
1. b 1. renewable
2. c 2. non-renewable
3. a 3. geothermal
4. b 4. water
5. a 5. electricity
6. d 6. fossil fuels
7. a 7. coal
8. a 8. wind energy
9. d 9. conservation
10. d What’s More 10. sustainably
What’s In A B
(possible answers)
1. LIGO tin nature 1. R 1. False
2. necklace gold nature 2. NR 2. True
3.ABSOLUTE plastic nature 3. NR 3. False
4. Oil plastic nature 4. R 4. False
5. NR 5. True
What I Can Do Assessment
Possible answers: 1. c
2. b
1. Air pollution Practice 3R’s 3. a
(re-use, reduce, recycle) 4. c
2. Air pollution Use bicycle, car pool 5. c
3. Biodiversity is Recycle papers 6. b
reduced Plant new trees 7. b
Soils become 8. c
easily eroded 9. a
4. Water pollution Practice 3R’s 10. c
It takes million (re-use, reduce, recycle)
years to decay
It clog waterways
Serve as breeding
place of disease-
carrying organism
Answer Key
References

Books

Asuncion, Alvie J., et al. 2017. K to 12 Science Grade 7 Learners Material (Second

Part). First Edition. Pasig City: Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR).

Mallinson, George G., Mallinson, Jacqueline B., Smallwood, William L., Valentino,
Catherine. Science Centennial Edition, Silver Burdett Company.

Pavico, Ma. Josefina F. , Faraon, Genevieve D. 2007. Exploring Life Through Science:
Integrated Science: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Website

https://www.good.is/articles/burning-plastic

https://now.tufts.edu/articles/how-do-windmills-create-electricity

https://youtube.com/watch?v=wMOpMka6PJI

21
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph