nwabuisi (upn64) – Post-Lab 5 Acid/Base Titration – lyon – (50555) 1

This print-out should have 25 questions. Explanation:

Multiple-choice questions may continue on FWKHP = 204.2 g/mol VNaOH = 20.0 mL
the next column or page – find all choices mKHP = 0.450 g
before answering. Molarity is moles solute per liter of solution.
We know the volume of the NaOH solution.
001 10.0 points If we could find the moles of NaOH in the
An aqueous solution is known to have a pH solution we could calculate the molarity.
of 5.30 at 25◦ C. What is the concentration of From the balanced equation we know that
OH− in the solution? 1 mole of NaOH is needed to react with each
mole of KHP. We use the molar mass of KHP
1. 5.01 × 108 M to convert from grams KHP to moles KHP
and then use this mole-to-mole ratio to con-
2. 1.89 M vert from moles KHP to moles of NaOH:

3. 8.70 M ? mol NaOH = 0.450 g KHP

1 mol KHP
4. 2.00 × 10−9 M correct ×
204.2 g KHP
1 mol NaOH
5. 5.01 × 10−6 M ×
1 mol KHP
= 0.0022 mol NaOH
6. 1.00 × 10−2 M
Explanation: This is the number of moles of NaOH needed
pH = 5.30 to react with the KHP and therefore the
number of moles present in the 20.0 mL of
pOH = 14 − pH = 8.7
NaOH solution. We calculate the molarity of
the NaOH solution by dividing the moles of
[OH− ] = 10−pOH = 10−8.7 M NaOH by the volume of the NaOH solution:
= 1.99526 × 10−9 M
0.0022 mol NaOH
? M NaOH =
0.020 L soln
002 10.0 points = 0.110 M NaOH
The molarity of an NaOH solution was de-
termined by using the primary standard
potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP, formula 003 10.0 points
weight = 204.2 g/mol). What is the pH of a solution labeled 6 ×
10−5 M HBr?
NaOH + KHP → NaKP + H2 O
1. 8.25
It took 20.0 mL of the NaOH to completely
react with 0.450 g of KHP. What was the 2. 4.50
molarity of the NaOH?
3. 5.82
1. 4.59 M
4. 9.78
2. 0.044 M
5. 4.22 correct
3. 0.110 M correct
Explanation:
4. 0.088 M [HBr] = 6 × 10−5 M
 nwabuisi (upn64) – Post-Lab 5 Acid/Base Titration – lyon – (50555) 2
HBr is a strong acid which completely ion- What is the equation for the neutralization of
izes in aqueous solution. KOH with HNO3 ?

HBr −→ H+ + Br− 1. KOH + HNO3 → HNO3 + OH− + H2

[H3 O+ ] = [HBr] = 6 × 10−5 M
2. KOH + HNO3 → KNO3 + H2 O correct
pH = − log[H3 O+ ] = 4.22185
3 + H2
3. KOH + HNO3 → KOH + NO−
004 10.0 points
4. KOH + HNO3 → KNOH + HO3
What was the secondary standard in the Explanation:
strong acid-strong base titration experiment? HNO3 is a strong acid and KOH is a strong
1. Phenolphthalein base. The result of reactions between strong
2. NaOH CORRECT acids and strong bases is H2 O and a salt, in
3. KHP this case KNO3 :
4. HCl KOH + HNO3 → KNO3 + H2 O
Explanation:
007 10.0 points
Sodium hydroxide salt pellets readily ab-
For the neutralization reaction involving HCl
sorb moisture from the air, and as a result,
and NaOH, what is the molarity of an HCl
are contaminated before weighing on the an-
solution if 5.5 mL is needed to react with 75 g
alytical balance. To determine the actual
of a 0.020 M NaOH solution? (density = 1.3
molarity of the aqueous NaOH made is the
g/mL)
lab, it was is necessary to titrate a highly pure
aqueous salt, KHP, of known mass with the
1. 0.00015 M
NaOH solution. In the acid/base titration
experiment, KHP was the primary standard
2. 0.34 M
that was used to determine the true molarity
of NaOH solution, the secondary standard.
3. 1.5 M

005 10.0 points 4. 0.0062 M

What are the products of the following reac-
tion? 5. 0.21 M correct

Sr(OH)2 + 2 HNO3 → 6. 2.5 M

Explanation:
1. Sr(NO3 )2 + 2 H2O correct VHCl = 5.5 mL densityNaOH = 1.3 g/mL
[NaOH] = 0.020 M mNaOH = 75 g
2. SrH2 + HNO5 Remember that for neutralization, we need
one mole of H+ for every mole of OH− .
3. SrNO3 + H2 O
75 g NaOH soln
4. Sr(NO2 )2 + 2 H2O2 ? mol HCl =
1.3 g/mL NaOH soln
Explanation: 1L 0.020 mol NaOH
· ·
Sr(OH)2 is a base and HNO3 an acid; they 1000 mL 1 L NaOH soln
create a salt and water. 1 mol HCl
·
1 mol NaOH
006 10.0 points = 0.00115385 mol HCl
 nwabuisi (upn64) – Post-Lab 5 Acid/Base Titration – lyon – (50555) 3
0.00115385 mol HCl soln 25.0 mL. If we could find moles Ca(OH)2 , we
? M HCl =
5.5 mL HCl soln could calculate molarity.
1000 mL Ca(OH)2 contains two OH− per formula
·
1L unit. Each KHP molecule contains one ion-
= 0.20979 M izable H+ . Two mol KHP are needed to
neutralize 1 mol Ca(OH)2 . We use the molar
008 10.0 points mass of KHP to convert from grams to moles
What acid and what base would you choose KHP and then use this mole ratio to convert
to prepare the salt potassium perchlorate from moles KHP to moles of Ca(OH)2 :
(KClO4 )?
nCa(OH)2 = 0.650 g KHP
1. K(OH)2 and HClO4 1 mol KHP
×
204.2 g KHP
2. HK and ClO4 OH 1 mol Ca(OH)2
×
2 mol KHP
3. HClO4 and KOH correct
= 0.001592 mol Ca(OH)2
4. KOH and H2 ClO4
This is the moles of Ca(OH)2 needed to
Explanation: react the KHP and therefore the number of
To form KClO4 in an aqueous reaction we moles present in the 25.0 mL of Ca(OH)2
need two reactants that are soluble to provide solution. We calculate M Ca(OH)2 :
the K+ and ClO1− 4 . Potassium hydroxide
(KOH) is a strong soluble base and perchloric 0.001592 mol Ca(OH)2
? M Ca(OH)2 =
acid (HClO4 ) is a strong acid. The neutral- 0.0250 L soln
ization equation is = 0.0637 M Ca(OH)2
KOH(aq) + HClO4 (aq) →
KClO4 (s) + H2 O(ℓ) 010 10.0 points
Calculate the pH of a solution with [H3 O+ ] =
009 10.0 points 5.5 × 10−4 M.
Calculate the molarity of a Ca(OH)2 solution
if it takes 25.0 mL to titrate 0.650 g of KHP 1. 2.43
in a standardization titration. (KHP has one
H+ and a formula weight of 204.2 g/mol.) 2. 5.5

1. 5.31 M 3. 4.39

2. 0.255 M 4. 11.35

3. 0.0796 M 5. 3.26 correct

Explanation:
4. 0.127 M

5. 0.0637 M correct

pH = − log 5.5 × 10−4 = 3.25964
Explanation:
VCa(OH)2 = 25.0 mL mKHP = 0.650 g
FWKHP = 204.2 g/mol 011 10.0 points
Molarity is moles solute per liter of solu- Answer the question to at least six significant
tion. The volume of the Ca(OH)2 solution is figures.
 nwabuisi (upn64) – Post-Lab 5 Acid/Base Titration – lyon – (50555)
A solution of sodium hydroxide is standard-
ized against potassium hydrogen phthalate
(KHP, formula weight 204.2 g/mol). From
the following data, calculate the molarity of
the NaOH solution: mass of KHP 2.314 g;
buret reading before titration 0.23 mL; buret
reading after titration 33.17 mL.
Correct answer: 0.34402 M.
Explanation:
FWKHP = 204.2 g/mol mKHP = 2.314 g
V initial buret reading = 0.23 mL
Vfinal buret reading = 33.17 mL
Molarity is moles solute per liter of solution.
We find the volume of NaOH solution:
VNaOH soln = Vfinal buret reading
− Vinitial buret reading
= 33.17 mL − 0.23 mL
= 32.94 mL soln
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) contains one
OH− per formula unit. Each KHP molecule
contains one ionizable proton. Therefore one
mol KHP will neutralize one mol NaOH. We
use the molar mass of KHP to convert from
grams KHP to moles KHP and then use this
mole ratio to convert from moles KHP to
moles of NaOH:
? mol NaOH = 2.314 g KHP
1 mol KHP
× the purity of the NaOH solution. We can
204.2 g KHP
1 mol NaOH
×
1 mol KHP
= 0.011332 mol NaOH
This is the number of moles of NaOH
needed to react the KHP and therefore the
number of moles present in the 32.94 mL of
NaOH solution. We calculate the molarity of
the NaOH solution by dividing moles NaOH
by the volume of NaOH solution:
0.011332 mol NaOH
? M NaOH =
32.94 mL soln
1000 mL
× to standard laboratory safety practices be-
1L
= 0.34402 M NaOH
4
012 10.0 points
What is the main objective of Part 1 of the
experimental procedure? What is the purpose
of using KHP in this part of the experiment?
1. The main objective of Part 1 is to verify
the color change of the phenolphthalein at
the endpoint of the titration, since we will be
relying on phenolphthalein in Part 2 and don’t
want to use it without verification. KHP is
used because it is colorless when dissolved in
water, and therefore does not interfere with
the color change of the phenolphthalein.
2. The main purpose of Part 1 is to gain
practice doing titrations before we titrate our
unknown acid in Part 2. KHP is used in
Part 1 because we don’t want to use up our
unknown acid during the practice titrations,
and KHP is an inexpensive alternative to a
real acid.
3. The main objective of Part 1 is to deter-
mine the concentration of the NaOH solution
as accurately and precisely as possible. KHP
is used as a titration standard because it is
very pure, and can therefore yield highly ac-
curate results for the NaOH concentration.
correct
4. The main objective Part 1 is to determine
determine the percent purity of the NaOH
solution by taking a mole ratio of NaOH to
KHP.
5. The main objective of Part 1 is to con-
dition the phenolphthalein before using it in
Part 2. KHP is used in Part 1 because the
phthalate in potassium hydrogen phthalate
reacts with the phthalein in phenolphthalein
to create the pink color that we will need for
the unknown acid titration in Part 2.
6. The main objective of Part 1 is to make
sure all the students are paying attention
fore they receive a vial of acid to work with.
 nwabuisi (upn64) – Post-Lab 5 Acid/Base Titration – lyon – (50555)
KHP is used in Part 1 because it poses no
health hazard to students who don’t know
what they’re doing.
Explanation:
013 10.0 points
Write the balanced molecular equation for the
reaction of hydrochloric acid with calcium hy-
droxide. What is the sum of the coefficients?
1. four
2. seven
3. three
4. five
5. six correct
Explanation:
014 10.0 points
The net ionic equation for ALL aqueous reac-
tion of strong acids and strong soluble bases
that form soluble salts is
1. the formation of water from the ele-
ments.
2. the formation of H2 O from H+ and OH− .
correct
3. the formation of water and the corre-
sponding salt.
4. the formation of the soluble salt.
Explanation:
The formula unit equation would show the
formation of water and the corresponding salt,
but the net ionic equation would show only
the formation of water from H+ and OH− .
Since the acid, the base, and the salt are
all soluble, all ions other than H+ and OH−
would be spectator ions and would be elim-
inated from the net ionic equation. An ex-
ample: the reaction of sodium hydroxide and
hydrochloric acid. The formula unit equation
is
5
NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) →
NaCl(aq) + H2 O(ℓ)
In the total ionic equation soluble compounds
are written as their ions:
Na+ (aq) + OH1− (aq) + H+ (aq) + Cl− (aq)
→ Na+ (aq) + Cl− (aq) + H2 O(ℓ)
To obtain the net ionic equation we cancel the
spectator ions, leaving only the species that
react:
H+ (aq) + OH− (aq) → H2 O(ℓ)
015 10.0 points
What are the products of the reaction be-
tween perchloric acid and sodium hydroxide?
1. NaClO4 + H3 O+
2. NaCl + H2 O
3. NaClO3 + OH−
4. NaClO4 + H2 O correct
5. Na2 ClO3 + H2 O
Explanation:
016 10.0 points
During a strong acid-strong base titration,
where phenolphthalein is the indicator, the
solution turns pink. Which of the following is
true under this condition?
1. [H+ ] < [OH− ] correct
2. [H+ ] > [OH− ]
3. [H+ ] = [OH− ]
Explanation:
Phenolphthalein changes color at roughly
pH 8, which means the solution must be
slightly basic to be pink.
017 10.0 points
The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid is
2.80. What is the molarity of the acid?
 nwabuisi (upn64) – Post-Lab 5 Acid/Base Titration – lyon – (50555) 6
therefore named using by adding the prefix
1. 6.3 × 10 −3
M “per-”. This molecule is perchloric acid.

2. 4.2 × 10−3 M 020 10.0 points

Determine the total ionic equation for the
3. 4.2 × 10−2 M reaction between HBr(aq) and Ba(OH)2(aq).

4. 1.6 × 10−3 M correct 1. 2 H+ + 2 OH− → 2 H2 O

5. 6.3 × 10−2 M 2. 2 Br− + Ba2+ → BaBr2

Explanation:
pH = 2.80
[H+ ] = 10−pH = 10−2.80 = 1.6 × 10−3 M
Since HCl is a strong acid, it is completely
dissociated, so its concentration here is also
1.6 × 10−3 M.
018 10.0 points
What is the hydronium ion concentration in a
solution having a pOH of 3.62?
3. 2 HBr + Ba(OH)2 → BaBr2 + 2 H2 O
4. 2 H+ + 2 Br− + Ba2+ + 2 OH− →
Ba2+ + 2 Br− + 2 H2O correct
Explanation:
An acid and base react to produce a salt
and water. In this case the salt, formed from
the available cations and anions other than
H+ and OH− , is barium bromide (BaBr2),
which is soluble. The formula unit equation is
Ba(OH)2(aq) + 2 HBr(aq) →
BaBr2(aq) + 2 H2 O(ℓ).

1. 2.6 × 10−11 M In the total ionic equation soluble compounds

are
h written as theiri ions:h i
2. 3.8 × 10−4 M Ba2+
(aq)
+ 2 OH−
(aq)
+ 2 H+ (aq)
+ Br− →
h i (aq)
Ba2+ + 2 Br1− + 2 H2 O(ℓ)
3. 5.1 × 10−10 M (aq) (aq)

4. 4.2 × 10−11 M correct 021 10.0 points

Answer the following question to at least 6 sig
5. 3.8 × 10−5 M figs.
Calculate the amount of KHP in grams that
Explanation: is required to completely neutralize 18.95 ml
of 0.840 M potassium hydroxide.
019 10.0 points
The name of the acid HClO4 is Correct answer: 3.25082.
Explanation:
1. perchloric acid. correct
moles KHP = moles KOH
2. hydrochlorate acid. gramsKHP
= MKOH × VKOH
MWKHP
3. chloric acid.
gramsKHP = MKOH × VKOH × MWKHP
4. hypochlorous acid. gramsKHP = 3.25082 grams
Explanation: Your answer is limited to three significant
Chloric acid is HClO3 . HClO4 has one digits (3.25 grams) by the concentration of
more oxygen atom than the “-ic” acid and is KOH.
 nwabuisi (upn64) – Post-Lab 5 Acid/Base Titration – lyon – (50555) 7

022 10.0 points moles H+ = moles OH−

Answer the following question to at least 6 sig
moles H+ = 2 × moles H2 SO4
figs.
The pH of a solution is determined to be moles OH− = moles NaOH
4.07. What is the hydronium ion concentra-
MH2 SO4 × VH2 SO4 × 2 = MNaOH × VNaOH
tion of this solution?

Correct answer: 8.51138 × 10−5 M. MNaOH × VNaOH

Explanation:
pH = 4.07
pH = − log[H3 O+ ]
log[H3 O+ ] = −pH
[H3 O+ ] = antilog (−pH)
= 1 × 10−pH
= 1 × 10−4.07
= 8.51138 × 10−5 M
023 10.0 points
Which of
I) HCl II) HF III) LiOH
IV) HClO2 V) HNO3
are strong acids or strong bases in water?
1. I, III, IV, and V only
2. I, II, IV, and V only
3. I, III, and V only correct
4. I, II, III, and V only
5. All of the compounds
Explanation:
VH2SO4 =
MH2 SO4 × 2
[H3 O+ ] = ? VH2 SO4 = 11.4394 mL.
Your final answer is limited to three signifi-
cant digits (11.4 mL) by the concentrations of
H2 SO4 and NaOH.
025 10.0 points
Which acid or base is INCORRECTLY iden-
tified as to type of compound?
1. CsOH; strong base
2. HF; weak acid
3. Ca(OH)2 ; weak base correct
4. HClO3 ; strong acid
5. H3 PO2 ; weak acid
Explanation:
The seven strong acids are HCl, HBr, HI,
H2 SO4 , HNO3 , HClO3 and HClO4 . The eight
strong bases are LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH,
CsOH, Ca(OH)2 , Sr(OH)2 , and Ba(OH)2.
Therefore, calcium hydroxide is a strong base,
not a weak base.

024 10.0 points

Answer the following question to at least 6 sig
figs.
Calculate the volume of 1.65 M sulfuric
acid in milliliters that is required to com-
pletely neutralize 50.00 ml of 0.755 M sodium
hydroxide.

Correct answer: 11.4394 mL.

Explanation: