Dominant vs.

Recessive Genes
Dominant Genes

 is expressed only when two copies of the gene are present.

 is always expressed when present.
Recessive Genes

 Opposed to dominant genes, is phenotypically expressed in the

homozygous state but has its expression masked in the presence of a
dominant gene.
 is only expressed when no dominant genes are present.
How do we know of a trait is
dominant or recessive?
 Traits are determined by the genes on the chromosomes. A gene is a
segment of DNA that determines a trait.
How do we know of a trait is
dominant or recessive?
 Chromosomes come in homologous pairs, thus genes come in pairs.
 Homologous pairs – matching genes – one from female parent and one
from male parent
 How do we know if our traits are
recessive or dominant?
 Based on parent’s genotype/phenotype
 Could be:
 Sex – linked Traits
Genes for these traits are located only on the X chromosome (NOT on the Y
chromosome). X linked alleles always show up in males whether dominant or
recessive because males have only one X chromosome
 Incomplete dominance and Codominance
 When one allele is NOT completely dominant over another (they blend) –
incomplete dominance
 When both alleles are expressed – Codominance