ENGLISH 8

Learning Recovery Lesson 3

VERBS
Lesson III. VERBS
A verb is a group of words that expresses time while showing an action, occurrence, or state of being that
something exists. It is perhaps the most important part of speech for a sentence is impossible without it.

KINDS OF VERBS
ACCORDING TO STRUCTURE

1. A transitive verb expresses an action and is followed by an object that receives the action of
the verb.
* My parents’ agencies approve the project proposals.
S TV DO
* The judge criticizes the performer.
S TV DO
* Irene makes a new dress
S TV DO
*His father has chosen a good book.
S TV DO

2. An intransitive verb expresses an action but is not followed by an object. Applying what or
whom test to an intransitive verb shows immediately that an object does not follow.

* Summer vacation in the Philippines starts from last week of March.

S IV
*Stella’s performance in class improves with the help of the tutor.
S IV
*The carpenters work quietly but quickly.
S IV
*The deer runs around the lake, through the trees, and over the fallen logs.
S IV

3. A linking or copulative verb is a word that links or establishes a relationship between the
subject and its predicate. They never show action, but they merely connect or complement with
the subject. The complement of the linking verb 'be' is a noun, adjective, or adverb/adverb
phrase of place.

am is are was were

 has been have been had been will be shall be

will have been shall have been appear grow remain

seem become look smell sound feel
prove act fall taste come

*Bobbie is pretty. (Is links Bobbie to an adjective describing her)

*Renz was at the auditorium. (Was links Renz to a phrase telling us where he is)
*Ivan feels sick. (feels links Ivan to an adjective describing him.)
*Mrs. Simpson is our new treasurer. (Is links Mrs. Simpson to a noun renaming him.)
*That woman is stunning.(adjective)
*The students are in the classroom. (adverb phrase)
4. Auxiliary or helping verbs are those that are combined with action verbs to express ideas exactly.
They help express the meaning of the main verbs:
Four groups of helping verb:

1. The be group: am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being
*My sister is also a teacher.
*We are proud of her achievement.
*I am a very patient person.

2. The have group: has, have, had

*He has a sharp knife.
*The horse has four hoofs.
*They have many books.
*I have a 50-megapixel camera.
*Our garden had a hedge around it.
*The king had a crown on his head

3. The do group: does, do, did

* The girl does her chores every morning.
* They do the laundry every Saturday.
* Trina did her assignment last night.
* The athletes did their best last Integrated Meet.

4. Modal auxiliaries: may, might, must, can, could, shall, should, will,
* She may borrow your notebook on Monday.
* Please bring an umbrella, it might rain this afternoon.
* You must attend the PTA meeting of your son.
* I can hold my breath for thirty seconds while under the water.
 Example sentences with Auxilliary or Helping Verbs

* Merrie is strumming her guitar.

* They are trying to win the competition.
* She has painted her room red.
* I have invited her to attend my debut party.
* I think my sister had stolen my wallet.
* Shella does clean her room after she made a promise.
* It might rain this afternoon so please bring your umbrella.
* I must work hard.

SIMPLE TENSES OF THE VERB

-Tense denotes time of action

A. Simple Present Tense denotes present time, expresses habitual action, general truth
and permanent condition. It is formed by adding- s or -es to the simple form, or it is
formed without - s or -es.

Singular Plural
Subject Verb Subject Verb
She brings They bring
He watches We watch
It dances Cousins dance
Lina writes Girls write
Mother washes Mothers wash
Student studies Students study
Child eats Children eat

* Typhoon Basyang enters the Philippine area of responsibility or PAR.

* Trinity always wears a scarf wherever she goes.
* They come all the way here to eat Lapaz Batchoy.
* Stars shine brightly in the sky.
* She has a pink bag.
* Lina is an industrious student.
* Irene does her assignment every day.
EXERCISE 1. In each of the following sentences, fill in the blank with the given verbs in the
simple present tense.
1. No one ________ (ask) him to stop working because his family __________ (depend) on him.
2. If Sunday _________ (come) and he ________ (be) free, Marco always ________ (treat) us.
3. We usually ______________ (go) to school earlier every Monday.
4. My firstborn son, together with my in-laws, __________ (travel) to Roxas city.
5. Every December, my whole family ___________ (gather) at my Tita’s house.
6. Susan _______________ (wash) her hair at the moment.
7. My loving mother__________ (put) food in my lunchbox before she _________ (go) to work.
8. His officemates_________ (ask) him to drink with them, but he always ___________ (refuse).
9. The TV series “Vampire Diaries” ________________ (fascinate) me.
10. Students, as well as teachers, __________ (attend) the Brigada Orientation.

B. Simple Past Tense denotes past time. It is formed by adding -d or -ed or

the irregular form of the verb.

A. Regular Verbs
A regular verb is a verb that forms its past and past participle form by adding –d or –ed to the
present form

Present Past Past Participle

water watered (have) watered
love loved (have) loved
remember remembered (have) remembered
listen listened (have) listened
carry carried (have) carried
start started (have) started
cry cried (have) cried
work worked (have) worked
illustrate illustrated (have) illustrated
suggest suggested (have) suggested
dance danced (have) danced
follow followed (have) followed
create created (have) created

Examples:
* The photographer captured the best scenes at Iloilo Golf Club.
* Employees rushed home when the day's work was over.
* Baby Love watered the plants.
* Joane always remembered her lessons.

B. Irregular Verbs
 An irregular verb is one whose past and past participle is formed in ways other than adding –d
or –ed to the present form.

 verbs with the same past and past participle

Present Past Past Participle

bind bound have bound
bring brought have brought
build built have built
catch caught have caught
creep crept have crept
stand stood have stood
spend spent have spent
sting stung have stung
send sent have sent
teach taught have taught
win won have won
sell sold have sold
leave left have left

 verbs with the same present, past and past participle

Present Past Past Participle
bet bet have bet
burst burst have burst
hurt hurt have hurt
set set have set
shed shed have shed
let let have let
bid bid have bid
put put have put

 verbs that change in other ways

Present Past Past Participle
arise arose have arisen
bear bore have borne
become became have become
bite bit have bitten
break broke have broken
drink drank have drunk
forget forgot have forgotten
freeze froze have frozen
grow grew have grown
 know knew have known
lie lay have lain
ride rode have ridden
shake shook have shaken
speak spoke have spoken
steal stole have stolen
swear swore have sworn

Examples:
* We swam all day at Liz Complex yesterday.
* I made a lot of changes in my Facebook's profile picture.
* I drank a lot of tea yesterday.
* She made sure that all ingredients for cooking pizza were all prepared.
* Trina stole the necklace from Palawan Pawnshop.
EXERCISE 2. Change the verbs inside the parentheses into simple past.
1. Last year I (enrol) at ISCOF, a school in Northern part of Iloilo._______________
2. It (be) my idea to throw a party for you. ______________
3. I (visit) lots of interesting places. I (be) with two friends of mine. _________ __________
4. Every weekend, my mother and I (spend) our time cleaning. ______________
5. My mother (be) happy when my sister (tell) her of her achievements.________ _________
6. When she (think) her savings were enough, she (plan) to go to US. _________ __________
7. Everyday, they (eat) spicy foods and lots of noodles._______________
8. But we (see) some beautiful rainbows.______________
9. Even when she (be) tired, she (not want) to rest. ____________ _____________
10. She (tidy) her room. ______________________

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