EEE1016 Electronics I 2022/2023

TUTORIAL 3

Q1. (a) Figure 1(a) shows a single-phase half-wave rectifier circuit connected to a
120V/60Hz power supply via a step-down transformer with a turns ratio n = 10:1.
Assume that the diode has a cut-in voltage, V = 0.7 V and the forward diode
resistance Rf is negligible. The output resistance RL is 1kΩ.

(i) Determine the peak output voltage, Vo(m)

(ii) Calculate the average output voltage, Vo(av) and the average Load current, Io(av)

(iii) Calculate the RMS output voltage, Vo(RMS) and the RMS Load current, Io(RMS)

(iv) Calculate the Ripple Factor γ of the output voltage

(v) Calculate the ac power absorbed by the load, Po(RMS)

(vi) Calculate the average output power, Po(av)

(vii) Draw the output waveform Vo with respect to VS.

Figure 1(a)

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(b) Figure 1(b) shows the half-wave rectifier, which is similar to Figure 1(a) above, but
with a capacitor of 470 F connected in parallel with the load RL.

(i) Determine the peak-to-peak ripple voltage, Vr(pp)

(ii) Calculate the Ripple Factor γ of the output voltage.
(iii) Draw the output waveform and state the assumptions made to this circuit.

Figure 1(b)

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Q2. Figure 2 shows a multi-point transformer containing three different types of the
rectifier circuit. Given that Vs = 240V, 50Hz, C = 47uF, RL=1kΩ and all diodes have a forward
bias voltage Vγ of 0.6V. V0, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 and V6 are voltages at various points of the
transformer circuit.

B
C

Figure Q2
(a) For the Half-Wave rectifier circuit connected to the secondary windings A of the multi-
point transformer, determine
(i) the rms and peak values of the secondary voltage V1.
(ii) The peak, the rms and the dc values of the output voltage of the rectifier, V2.
(iii) The ripple factor γ of the rectifier circuit.

(b) For the Full-Wave Centre-tapped rectifier circuit connected to the Secondary Windings
B and C of the multi-point transformer, determine
(i) the peak and average values of the secondary output voltage V5.
(ii) The ripple voltage Vr of the rectifier circuit.

(c) For the Full-Wave Bridge rectifier circuit connected to the secondary windings D of the
multi-point transformer, determine
(i) the ripple voltage Vr of the rectifier circuit.
(ii) the ripple factor γ of the rectifier circuit.
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Q3. (a) Figure Q3(a) shows a parallel clipping circuit with an input signal Vi = 12 sin ωt.
Assume the cut-in voltage of the diodes, V = 0.7 V.
(i) Analyse the circuit during each alternation (positive and negative cycle) and
determine the maximum and minimum output voltages.
(ii) Draw the input and output waveforms over at least TWO full cycles.

Figure Q3(a)

(b)Design a clipper circuit using silicon diodes with cut-in voltage Vγ = 0.7 V to produce
the output voltage waveform, Vo, as shown in Figure Q3(b). The dashed line
represents the input voltage waveform, Vi = Vmsin(ωt). Draw the clipper circuit and
explain your circuit diagram.

Figure Q3(b)

(c) Design a limiter circuit using Silicon and Germanium diodes and 100Ω resistors
only to provide an output signal clipped as per the following. Assume that all
Silicon diodes have a cut-in voltage of 0.7V and that of Germanium diodes is 0.3V.
(i) Clip at +1.4V and above.
(ii) Clip at -1.0V and below.
(iii) Clip at both +1.3V.

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Q4. (a) For the clamping circuit shown in Figure 4(a), draw the waveforms of the output
voltage Vo corresponding to the supply voltage VS for 0 < ωt < 4π. Assume the diode
is ideal.

Figure 4(a)

(b) For the diode clamping circuit shown in Figure 4(b) below, the input signal VS is
connected to the load RL via an on-off switch linked in series with capacitor C.
Assume that the cut-in voltage of the diode Vγ is 0.7V and the capacitor voltage is
0V at time t<0 just before the switch is closed. Draw the corresponding waveform
of the output voltage Vo against the source voltage waveform, Vs for 0 < ωt < 4π.

Figure 4(b)

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