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SEMESTER 2 AY 2010/2011
Number of stories: =4
Breadth of building: (a = 4.25 m) = 5a
Length of the building: (b = 4.75 m) = 6b
Height of first story: =4m
Height of each story above the first story: =3m
Size of corner columns: = 0.5 m x 0.5 m
Size of side columns: = 0.5 m x 0.4 m
Size of beams: = 0.5 m x 0.4 m
Thickness of the shear wall: = 0.3 m
Depth of coupling beam =0.8m
Wind load intensity: = 2.5 kN/m2
Young’s modulus of concrete, E: = 20 x 106 kN/m2
Poisson’s ratio, : = 0.2
Density of concrete, = 23 kN/m3
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, = 10 x 10-6 oC-1
Shear modulus of concrete, G: = 8.3 x 106 kN/m2
Column
18 17 16 15 14 13 12
19 9.8 11
Beam Y 0.3
a
20 10
Bent 1 4.55
X Wall
CB Bent 2
21 9
1.4 2.0 3.0 2.0 1.4
22 b North 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Wind
STEPS
(a) At the right corner of the current window, roll down and select
“kN,m”.
1.3 Click the File menu > New Model command or the New Model button . Press
Default.elb button.
1.4 In Building Plan Grid System and Story Data Definition dialog box,
(a) Input data definition as follows and then press OK button.
(b) The screen will refresh and display a 2-D (Plane View – Story 1 – Elevation 3)
view and a 3-D View of the model in vertically tiled adjoining windows.
(b) Select CONC for Materials. Click on Modify/Show Material… button. Modify
material properties as follows. Click OK.
2.2 Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file.
(b) This will display the Define Frame Properties dialog box. In Properties box, use
Shift button to select all default sections and press Delete Property button.
(c) At Click to box, click the drop-down list and select Add Rectangular. This will
display Rectangular Section dialog box.
(d) In Rectangular Section dialog box, input Section Name, Dimensions. Select
CONC (material defined before) for Material.
C50X50: Depth = 0.5m, Width = 0.5m.
(b) At Click to box, click the drop-down list and select Add New Wall. This will
display Wall/Slab Section dialog box.
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(c) At Wall/Slab Section dialog box, type COREWALL at the Section Name box.
At Material box, select CONC (concrete material defined before). Type the value
of thickness of the core wall at Thickness box.
(d) Then click OK to exit Wall/Slab Section dialog box. Click on OK again to
complete Wall/Slab/Deck Sections define.
(e) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file.
(a) Click on the left window toolbar to activate it. Note when the window is active, its
title bar will be highlighted. Make sure that it is Plan View (if not, use Set Plan
View button on the toolbar).
(b) Use the up-down button on the toolbar to change the right window to Plan
View – STORY 1 – Elevation 3.
(c) Click on Create Columns in Region or at Click (Plan) button on the left
toolbar. This will display Properties of Object box. Scroll down the list of
sections and select C50x50
(d) When click on , the pointer changes to . Move the pointer to the corner node.
Then click on it to create a column (see figure below). Move to the other corners
and draw three remaining columns.
Click
(e) After finishing drawing all corner columns, at Properties of Object box, scroll
down the list of sections and select C50x40.
(f) Make a cross window to select edge columns. When release mouse button,
columns will be created at nodes in the window.
Click
Drag
Release
(g) Continue to draw other edge columns. When finish drawing all columns, press Esc
button to exit the drawing command.
4.2 Drawing beams
(a) Click on Create Lines in Region or at Clicks (Plan, Elev, 3D) button on the
left toolbar. This will display Properties of Object box. Scroll down the list of
sections and select B40x50.
(b) When click on , the pointer changes to . Make a cross window as in figure
below. When release mouse button, beams will be created in the window.
Click
Drag
Release
(e) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file.
Note: To clear unwanted selections, click on Clear Selection button on the left
toolbar.
9.8
Y 0.3
2.125
4.55
CB X
2.125
4.75 4.75
First storey
Coupling 0.8
beam
3.2 for ground storey
2.2 for others
Ground storey
Right click
(b) Press Modify/Show System… button. This will display the dialog box below.
(c) The Define Grid Data dialog box shows coordinates of the grid lines in X-, and Y-
directions in the global coordinate. To draw the core wall segments, we add some
grid lines that determine the core wall location.
(d) In X Grid Data, add 4 grid lines:
x1 = 10.75
x2 = 12.75
x3 = 15.75
x4 = 17.75
(e) Type the Grid ID and Ordinate of the above grid lines in Define Grid Data
dialog box then press OK button.
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Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory
(h) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file
(a) In the left window, make sure that it is Plan View – STORY 1 – Elevation 3 (if not,
use Set Plan View button on the toolbar).
(b) Click on the Zoom in button on the toolbar. Make a window (left corner to
right corner) to zoom in the core wall zone.
Click
Drag
Release
(c) Click on Draw Wall (Plan) button on the left toolbar to draw wall elements.
This will display Properties of Object box. Scroll down the list of sections and
select COREWALL.
(d) When click on , the pointer changes to . Move the pointer to the beginning
node X=9.5, Y=8.5, Z=3 (see figure below). Then click on it. Continue to click on
the next nodes until finish the corewall.
Click
(g) From Edit menu, select Mesh Areas…This display Mesh Selected Areas dialog
box.
(h) In Mesh Selected Areas dialog box, check on Mesh Quads/Triangles at then
check on Intersections with Visible Grids. Then press OK button.
(a) Click on Set Elevation View…button on the toolbar. This displays Set
Elevation View dialog box. In this box, select elevation 3 as follows then click OK.
(b) Click on the segments at the lift doors to select. Then press Delete button.
Click to select
Note: To view a fill area (figure above), click on Set Building View Options button on
the toolbar . In Set Building View Options dialog box, check on Object Fill then
click OK. To turn on the Grid Lines, check on Grid Lines box. To turn of , check again.
5.3 Assigning Pier Label to the corewall (for moment and shear output)
(a) Click on Set Elevation View…button on the toolbar. This displays Set
Elevation View dialog box. In this box, select elevation C as follows then click
OK.
(b) Make a cross window to select the wall on Elevation View C as follows.
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Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory
(c) From Assign menu, select Shell/Area > Pier Label…This displays Pier Names
dialog box.
(d) In Pier Names dialog box, select P1 then click OK. The wall will be assigned to
Pier P1.
(e) Use the up-down button on the toolbar to change the left window to
Elevation View E. Use a cross window to select the wall on Elevation View E as
follows.
(f) From Assign menu, select Shell/Area > Pier Label…In Pier Names dialog box,
type P2 in Wall Piers box then click Add New Name. Click OK. The wall will be
assigned to Pier P2.
(g) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file.
(b) Insert New Story dialog box, input 3 for Story Height, 3 for Number of Stories.
Then click OK button. Upper stories will be copied from story 1.
(c) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file
(b) In Story Data dialog box, change the height of STORY1 to 4. Then press OK
button.
Note: To get 3D view as figure below, click on Set Building View Options button on the
toolbar . In Set Building View Options dialog box, check on Extrusion. To turn off the
Grid Lines, uncheck Grid Lines box. Then click OK.
(c) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file.
(b) Click on Set Plan View…button on the toolbar. This displays Set Plan View
dialog box. In this box, select elevation BASE as follow then click OK.
(d) From Assign menu, choose Joint /Point > Restraints (Supports)…. This will
display Assign Restraints dialog box.
(g) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file.
(b) Use the up-down button on the toolbar to change the left window to Plan
View – STORY1. Use a cross window to select nodes on STORY1 as follows.
(c) From Assign menu, select Joint/Point > Diaphragms… This displays Assign
Diaphragm dialog box.
(e) Use the up-down button on the toolbar to change the left window to next
story Plan View – STORY1-1 (second story). Select nodes on STORY1-1 by
using a cross window. Then from Assign menu, select Joint/Point >
Diaphragms… In Assign Diaphragm dialog box, click on Add New Diaphragm
button. This displays Diaphragm Data dialog box. Type in D2 for Diaphragm,
check Rigid box then click OK.
Diaphragm
(g) Follow steps (e) to (f) : D3 for third story and D4 for roof story.
(h) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file.
Hence, self weight dead load is defined through DEAD load. The wind load will be
defined by changing LIVE to WINDLOAD.
(b) In Define Static Load Case Names dialog box, select LIVE load by clicking on it
then click on Load box and type WINDLOAD in it. Scroll down the list of load
types and select WIND. Input 0 for Self Weight Multiplier. Press Modify Load
button.
(d) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file
Wall
Wall
Area load 2.5kN/m2
(a) Define new material for the wall: From the Define menu choose Materials. This
displays the Define Materials dialog box. Click on Add New Material… button.
In Material Property Data dialog box, edit the material name and material
properties as in the following figure. Then click the OK button.
(d) In Wall/Slab Section dialog box, type WALL in Section Name. Scroll down and
select material WALL (defined before). Then click OK button.
(f) From left window, click on Set Elevation View…button on the toolbar. This
displays Set Elevation View dialog box. In this box, select elevation 1 as follows
then click OK.
(g) Click on Draw Rectangular Areas (Plan, Elev) button on the left toolbar to
draw area elements. This will display Properties of Object box. Scroll down and
select WALL section.
(h) When click on , the pointer changes to . Move the pointer to the node at the
left lower corner. Click on it and hold. Then drag the pointer to the node at the right
upper corner and release to complete a rectangular element.
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Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory
Move to
this point
and release
Drag
Click
at this
point
(k) From Edit menu, select Mesh Areas … This displays Mesh Selected Areas dialog
box.
(l) In this dialog box, check on Mesh Quads/Triangles at and Intersection with
Selected Line Objects. Then press OK button.
(m) Assign area load to the wall: Make a cross window to select the wall elements.
(n) From Assign menu, select Shell/Area Loads > Uniform… This display Uniform
Surface Loads dialog box.
(o) In Uniform Surface Loads dialog box, select WINDLOAD for Load Case Name,
Global-Y for Direction. Type 2.5 (kN/m2) at Load box. Check on Replace
Existing Loads. Press OK button.
(p) Click the Save Model button on the main toolbar, or select Save from the File
menu to save the file.
Note: To increase the graphic font size, from Option menu, select Preference…>
Dimensions/Tolerances….This displays Dimensions/Tolerances Preferences dialog box. Type a
number (e.g 6) at Minimum Graphic Font Size. Press OK button. Changes are shown in the figure
below.
To return default set up, click on Reset to Defaults button in Dimensions/Tolerances Preferences
dialog box .
It is not typically necessary to change the graphic font size. It is done here to illustrate the process.
Also can use Zoom in button to see the graphic display if it is small.
(b) Click the Set Building View Options button on the main toolbar (or select
Set Building…from the View menu). This displays the Set Building View
Options dialog box.
Note: We are turning on the element labels so that we can see the effect of the element
relabeling. It is not necessary to turn on element labels in order to relabel them.
(d) Press Ctrl + A. All elements in the model (joints, frame elements and shell
elements) are selected.
(e) From the Edit menu, select Auto Relabel All.
(f) Click OK button. Use Zoom in button to see the effect of element relabeling.
Use to restore full view.
(g) Click on Clear Selection button on the left toolbar to clear all selections.
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Semester II-2010/2011 CE 3155 Laboratory
Note: Relabeling elements is only useful for viewing the result table in text format. This
does not affect the model analysis.
(b) In Select Sections dialog box, select COREWALL then click OK.
(c) From Assign menu, select Shell/Area > Area Object Mesh Options…
(d) In the Area Object Auto Mesh Options dialog box, check Subdivide Object
into… box. Input 6 and 6 in the boxes. Then click OK.
Note: Finer mesh causes long analysis time.
(f) To run the model, from Analyze menu, select Run Analysis.
Now you will be in the results output module of ETABS and you will see the following toolbar.
(g) From Display menu, select Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram >
Frame/Pier/Spandrel Forces…
(h) Select WINDLOAD. Check Moment 2-2 , Show Values on Diagram, Frames
boxes, then press OK. To see the values, use zoom in button and zoom where
to see.
Note: Frame forces are based on the local coordinate system of frame elements.
Shear 2-2 and shear 3-3 are in 2 and 3 directions. Moment 2-2 is about axis 2.
Moment 3-3 is about axis 3. To see the local axes, click on Set Building View
Options button on the toolbar. At Object View Options area, check Line Local
Axes box. Then click OK.
Red color is the axis 1, white color is the axis 2 and blue color is the axis 3. In this
model, as can be seen in the figure below:
+ For column elements: axis 1 and axis 3 are in plane (vertical plane), axis 2 is
normal to vertical plane. Hence, moment 2-2 and shear 3-3 are in vertical plane.
+ For beam elements: axis 1 and axis 2 are in plane (vertical plane), axis 3 is
normal to vertical plane. Hence, moment 3-3 and shear 2-2 are in vertical plane.
+ For Pier element: axis 1 and axis 2 are in plane (vertical plane), axis 3 is normal
to vertical plane. Hence, moment 3-3 and shear 2-2 are in vertical plane.
Pier element
(i) From Display menu, select Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram >
Frame/Pier/Spandrel Forces…
(j) Select WINDLOAD, check Shear 3-3, Show Values on Diagram, Frames boxes,
then press OK. To see the values, use zoom in button and zoom where to see.
(k) From Display menu, select Show Member Forces/Stress Diagram >
Frame/Pier/Spandrel Forces…
(l) Select WINDLOAD, check Moment 3-3 , Show Values on Diagram, Piers boxes,
then press OK. This is the moment diagram of the corewall (one side). To see the
values, use zoom in button and zoom where to see.
(p) Make sure that the window is the deformed shape display. Move pointer to nodes
and right click to see displacement. Click on Lateral Drifts… to see displacement
in X, Y, Z direction. In this problem, wind load is in Y direction.
+ Displacement:
Nodal displacements:
+ Frame forces:
Element Forces – Frames: The forces of frames are shown at three sections of elements (at two ends
and middle). P is axial force. V2, V3 are shear forces. T is torsional moment. M2, M3 are bending
moment.
Moment and shear force of frames can be obtained from graphic diagrams or from result table.
+ Corewall forces:
Moment and shear force are obtained from result table. M3, V2 are moment and shear force in
plane of wall. P1 (defined before) is side 1, P2 is side 2 (see figure below)
1 X 2
Appendix: Defining load combination. This step must be completed after defining load cases and
before running analysis.
From Define menu, select Load Combinations…This displays Define Load Combinations dialog
box.
In the Response Combination Data dialog box, type in the combination name. Select Linear Add
for Combination Type. Scroll down case name list and select DEAD. Input Scale Factor. Then
click on Add button. Scroll down again and select WINDLOAD. Input Scale Factor. Click on
Add button. Click OK to complete a combination (DEAD + WINDLOAD).