PRESENT PERFECT

Presented by : Carlos Oruna

 Meet the Tenses

PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT

SIMPLE CONTINOUS
 PRESENT PERFECT
SIMPLE
Is used to express actions or situations that occurred at an
indefinite time in the past or have relevance to the present
moment.
I HAVE WRITTEN A BOOK.
vs
I WROTE A BOOK.
 Structure
Affirmative Negative Interrogative

Subject + have/has + Subject + have/has + Have/Has + Subject +

past participle not + past participle past participle?
Examples: Examples: Examples:
She has finished her They haven't visited the Has she completed the
work. museum yet. project?
 WHEN TO USE IT?
PAST ACTIONS
Actions Started in the Past
Continuing to the Present:
Indicates actions that began in
the past and continue up to the
present.
Example: I have worked at
ICPNA since 2016. (I still work
here)
PRESENT RELEVANCE
Completed Actions with Present
Relevance:
Describes actions or experiences
that occurred at an unspecified time
in the past and have relevance to the
present moment.
Example: She has lived here for ten
years. (She still lives here now)
 WHEN TO USE IT?
Efect in the Present
Recent Events:
Used for events that have just
happened or have immediate
relevance to the present.
Example:
They have just finished dinner.
(I invited them to dinner with me.)
Unspecified Time
Actions with Unspecified Time:
Used when the time of the action
is not specified or not important.
Example:
He has lost his keys again.
(We don’t know when.)
WHEN TO USE IT?
Life Experience

Experiences in Life:
Used to talk about life experiences,
with a focus on the result rather
than the specific time.
Example:
Have you ever tried sushi?
 PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
Also known as the present perfect continuous tense, is
used to describe actions or situations that started in the
past and continue up to the present moment,
emphasizing their ongoing nature.
 Structure
Affirmative Negative Interrogative

Subject + have/has + Subject + have/has + Have/Has + Subject +

been + present not + been + present been + present
participle. participle. participle?
Examples: Examples: Examples:
I have been studying for He hasn't been practicing Has she been taking
two hours. the guitar lately. Spanish lessons?
 WHEN TO USE IT?
ONGOING ACTIONS PRESENT EFFECT
Actions Started in the Past
Actions with Resulting Effects:
Continuing to the Present:
Used to emphasize the result of
Describes actions or situations that
ongoing actions or situations that
began in the past and are still
started in the past.
ongoing or have just been
Example:
completed, with a focus on their
The road is wet because it has been
duration.
raining.
Example: I have been working at this
company for five years.
 WHEN TO USE IT?
TEMPORAL SITUATIONS ANGER
Temporary Situations:
Annoyance or Irritation:
Used to talk about temporary
Can express annoyance or irritation
actions or situations that started in
about a repeated or continuous
the past and are still happening or
action.
have just ended.
Example:
Example:
I am tired of waiting. They have been
She has been staying with us while
talking for hours.
her house is being renovated.
WHEN TO USE IT?
REPEATED ACTIONS
Repeated Actions:
Describes actions that have been
repeated over a period of time
leading up to the present moment.
Example:
"hey have been traveling around
Europe for the past few months.
 DIFFERENCES
MAY OR
PERMANENT TEMPORARY FINISHED MAY NOT
RESULT DURATION
SITUATIONS SITUATIONS ACTIONS BE
FINISHED

She has lived in She has lived in

this city for ten
Karla has
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE this city all her years, so she written her
knows every
life. single alley. report.

She has been Karla has

staying with us I have been been
PRESENT PERFECT
while her house studying for writing her
CONTINOUS
is being two hours. report all
renovated. day.
 DIFFERENCES
CONNECTION TO NO CONNECTION
ONGOING
THE PRESENT TO THE PRESENT FINISHED
PAST
(TIME IS NOT (TIME IS ACTIONS.
ACTIONS
MENTIONED) MENTIONED)

They lived here,

He lost his keys
PAST SIMPLE but now they live
yesterday.
in Japan.

They have
He has lost his keys lived here
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
again. for five
years.
 In Summary
Present Perfect Simple: It emphasizes the connection
between past actions or experiences and the present
moment.

Present Perfect Continuous: It emphasizes the ongoing

nature of actions or situations that started in the past and
continue to the present.