ANSWERS Level-I SECTION-A Very Short Answer Type Questions : & 3.01 10%molecules 10. 42g 11. 3.011 x 10% atoms 12. 2.007 x 10? molecules 13. 0.0199 moles 14,38 ‘Short Answer Type Questions 4, 1809 i 40. () 3.76 * 1023 molecules (ii) 3.31 * 10% molecules: 11. 1.547 * 10? atoms Long Answer Type Questions : 4. (i) 144, (i) 108 u, (i) 1260 g 4. () 149, (i) 108 a, (tl ‘SECTION-B 1 2 @ 6 7 @ a 4) 2 @) 38) 4% @) 16. (4) 16. (4) 20. @) 21. (1) 2 (2) 23. (1) 27. QB. (1) 29. (a) 30. 2) Level-Il SECTION-A 1. 224dm* 4. 0.418 mol SECTION-B 1 @ 2 @ 2 4 (1) 5 2 6 0) 7 @ & a) 2 3 10. (1) 1. (1) 12. (2) 3) 4 @) 15. Q) 16 (4) 17. (1) 18. (1) 19. (1) 20. @)a SECTION-C 1 @ 2 @ 3. (4) 4 (1) 5. @) 6 @) 7 SECTION-D 1) 2 2) 3. 4) 4 @) 5. (4) 6 @Atoms and Molecules CHAPTER Answers & Solutions (Level-l) SECTION-A : Very Short Answer'Type Questions : 4. Dalton 2. Maharshi Kanad 3. Law of conservation of mass or law of constant proportion. 4. Cations 5. It states that atoms are not divisible, But they are subdivisible into subatomic particles called electrons, protons and neutrons. 6. (i) HCl, (v) H,, (vil) CO 7. During a chemical reaction, the total:mass of the products is equal to the total mass of the reactants taking part in that reaction. 8. Molar mass of quicklime (Ca0) = 40 + 16 = 56.g mol 28 Number of moles of quickime’ 05 mot Number of molecules of quicklime = 0,05 x 6.022 « 10 ='3.011 « 10% molecules 9, Formula mass represents the mass Of 6.022 x 10° formula units of ionic compounds but molar mass represents the mass of 6.022 x 10% molecules of a compound. 10. The atomic mass of ritrogen is 14 u. Mass of 1 mole of ‘N'atoms = 14 g Mass of 3 moles of ‘N’ atoms = 14 x 3 = 42 9 ‘11. Mass of 1 mole of iron = Gram atomic mass of iron = 58 g 1 mole of iron contains 6.022 x 102% atoms of iron. 56 giron contains 6.022 x 10 atoms of iron 6.02210 ——*« 56 = 3.011 * 10 atoms of iron 2.8 g of iron will contain 28 ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Offce : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi10005 Ph.011-47623456,[DG and ote Fswore & Sohtons of Choma Gas Xi (LaveKD 12. Molar mass of wator = 2+ 16= 18g 18 g of water contains = 6.022 x 10% molecules 0.06 g of water contains = 8.2210" 0.08 = 2.007 = 10# molecules 13, 1 mole of O, has 6.022 « 10 molecuies. So, number of moles of O, in 1.20 * 1022 oxygen molecules _ 1.2x10% © 6.02210 14, 1 mole of H,0 = 18 g .0199 moles Now, mass of 1 mole of water= 18 g So, mass of 0.2 moles of H,0 = 18 x02 g=36g Short Answer Type Questions : 1, Main points of Dalton’s atomic'theory of matter are (a) All the matter is made up of very small particles called ‘atoms! (b) Atoms cannot be divided into simpler parts (c) Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed. 2. Two laws of chemical combination are (a) Law of conservation of mass : This law was proposed by Lavoisier and states that in a chemical reaction, total mass of products is equal to ‘otal mass of reactants taking part in the reaction. In other words, matter can neither be created nor be destroyed. (0) Law of definite or constant proportions : This law was proposed by Proust which states that when ‘a combination take place between elements, it is in definite proportions by weight, so that the ‘composition of a pure chemical, compound is independent of the method by which it is prepared. 3. No, this is because an atom is divisible into smaller particles called electrons, protons and neutrons. 4. Gram molecular mass of glucose (C.H,,0,) = (6% 12) + (12 1) + (6 « 16) = 180g 5. (i) Anatomis the smallest particle of an element that can take part in a chemical reaction. (ii) A molecule is the smallest patticle of a substance (element or compound) which can exist in the free state. 6. This law was proposed by Proust and states that when a combination take place between elements, it is in definite proportions by weight, so that the composition of a pure chemical compound is independent of the method by which it is prepared. Thus, CO, prepared either by burning carbon in oxygen or by treating CaCO, with dilute HCl, invariably contains 12 parts by weight of carbon and 32 parts by weight of oxygen. hence the ratio of carbon and oxygen is 3 : 8. 7. (a) Formula represents the composition of a molecule of the substance. (0) Itrepresents 1 molecule of the substance. (©) It gives the symbols of all the elements present in a molecule. ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456“Answers & Solitons of Chemisty - Clase (Lave) ‘Aims and Wolecules] | )) 8 10. tt. 12. Molecular mass of a substance is equal to the sum of atomic masses of all the atoms present in one molecule of the substance. So, to calculate the molecular mass it is essential to know the molecular formula, ‘The amount of a substance whose mass in grams is numerically equal to its atomic mass is called gram atomic mass of that substance. In other words, the atomic mass of a substance expressed in grams is its gram atomic mass. For example - Atomic mass of oxygen, O = 16 u So, gram atomic mass of oxygen, O = 16 grams or 16 9 (Gram atomic mass of H-atom is 1 9. (i) Gram atomic mass of O-atom is 16 g (i) The molar mass of CH, = 16 g mol ( C=12,H=1%4) Number of moles of CH, in 10 g $2. =0.626 mol Number of molecules 6f CH, = 0.625 6.022 x 10% 3.76 x 1023 molecules (i), The molar mass of CyH,,0, = 180 9 mol! Number of moles of C.Hj:O, = = 0.055 mol Number of molecules = 0.055 6.022 * 10% = 9.512 « 10% molecules 1 mole of hydrogen (H,) = 29 6 Number of moles of hydrogen prosent in 2.67 x 40° g’ot hiycrogen ~ 257% 10 2 1 molecule = 2 atoms of H _ 28x10 ‘Number of atoms present in 2.57 x 10° g of hydrogen 6.02210 x2 = 1.547 « 10° atoms ‘1 mole of sodium thiosulphate (Na,S-O;) contains 2 mole atoms of sodium, 2 mole atoms of sulphur and 3 mole atoms of oxygen. Molar mass of Na,S,0, = 23» 2+ 32% 2+ 16 * 3= 158g mo" Thus, 158 g of Na,S,0, contain 2 mole atom ie., 23 x 2.9 of Na 2 mde atom ie., 32 * 2 g sulphur and 3 mole atom ie., 16 * 3g oxygen. 6 Na = 23%? 100 =20.1% 32x2 100 = 40.5% %8= ax 3x16 = 100 =30.4% % O= “53 * a ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47673456,a (Atoms and Moleciles “Answers & Solutions of Chemistry - Class IX (Levelt) Long Answer Type Questions : 1 () Mass of 1 atom of nitrogen atom = 14 u Gi). 4 atoms of aluminium ‘Atomic mass of aluminium = 27 u Mass of 4 atoms of aluminium = 4 « 27 = 108 u (ii) 1 gram molecule of Na,SO, = (2. mass of Na) + (1 x mass of S) + (3 x mass of oxygen) = (2% 23) + (1 x 32) + (3 * 18) = 46 +32 +48 = 126g 10 gram molecules = 10 * 126 g = 1260 g (A formula unit represents the simplest combination of ions that produces an electrically neutral unit. Formula mass of Na,CO, = Mass of two atoms of Na + mass of one atom of C + mass of three atoms of O e234 181273516 6 +12 +48 = 106.u Copper sulphate + Sodium carbonate = Sodium sulphate + Copper carbonate ‘Total mass of copper sulphate and sodium carbonate (reactants) =15.0g+ 106 9=2659 ‘Total mass of sodium sulphate and copper carbonate (products) =1429+1239= 2659 Here, total mass of reactants is equal '6 total mass of products. ‘So, we can say that this reaction is in agreement with law of conservation of mass. (1 mole of nitrogen atom’ Atomic mass = 14 u ‘So, mass of 1 mole of nitrogen atom = 14g + mole of aluminium Atomic mass = 27 u, Gram atomic mass = Molar mass = 27 g So mass of 4 moles of aluminium = 4 * 27 = 108 g (iil) 1 mole of Na,SO, = 2 * mass of Na + 1 * mass of S + 3 * mass of oxygen =242341%9243"16 = 46 +32 +48 = 126g 40 moles = 10 x 126 g = 1260 gae Sn ny aa Ka) Ta a eee 5. Mass of an alom of the element X is 2.65 x 102 g Mass of 6.022 x 102 atoms of element X is 2.65 «10-2 « 6,022 x 10% g = 15.9584 = 16.09 The element is oxygen. 6. (@) Cacl, tons present : Ca, Cl- Valency of Ca = 2 w tons present : Na’, Cr Valency of Na = 1 Valency of Cl = (i) AIC, tons present = Al, Cr Valency of Al = Valency of Cl (w) Na,CO, {ons present : Na‘, CO, Valency of Na = 4 Valency of CO2-= 2 Cuso, lons present = Cu2*, SO,2- Valency of Cu = 2 Valency of S02 =2 SECTION-B : Objective Type Questions : 1. Answer (4) 2 Answer (2) 3. Anawor (4) 4. Answer (2) 5 Answer (2) 6 Answer (4) 7. Answer (2) & Answer (4) 9. Answer (3) 410. Answer (4) 11. Answer (3) 12. Answer (4) 13, Answer (3) 14. Answer (3) ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Offce : Aakash Tower 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456[Di eae ceases 15. 16. 11, 18, 19, 20, 21 22. 23, 24. 21 28. 29, 31 ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd, Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-1/0005 Ph011-47623456 Answer (4) Answer (4) Answer (4) Answer (3) Answer (2) Answer (3) Answer (1) Answer (2) ‘Answer (1) Molar mass of sucrose = (12 x 12 + 22+ 11 x 16) = 144 +22 + 176 = 342 Mass Number of moles (n) = icjar mass (MM) Mass = n x MM = 05 «342 =1iN1g Answer (1) ‘Answer (4) w_20_1 M804 (Number of atoms) N =n x Na = 1 x e022 + 40% 4 = 1.50 x 10 iolecules = 1.50 = 10 «4 atoms = 6 « 10 atoms Answor (3) ‘Answer (2) ‘Answer (1) ‘Answer (4) ‘Answer (2) Molar mass of C,H, = 128.9 128 Mass of 10 molecules of Cx.Hy= 5554937 Answer (2) 32x10 6.0210 ‘Answer (1) 107.81 6.02x10™ x10 = 2.12 « 101g =5.32x10% g 108 = 1.7910" g Qgoaa ‘Answers & Solutions of Chemistry - Class IX (Level)Atoms and Molecules CHAPTER Answers & Solutions (Level-It) SECTION-A : Subjective Type Questions : 1. ALSTP the volume of 1 mole of H,S'= 22.4 dm? (1.dm? = 4 L) ‘Volume occupied by 6.022 x 10? molecules of HS at STP = 22.4 dm? 2A i = * 8102210 dm? Volume occupied by 6.022x TO moletues at SIPS Epo, agp = 224% 10 = 2.24 dm? 2. Difference in molarity and molality Cora) Molality (m) 3. (D) Molarity (M) Number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of soluton is termed as molarity (M). olay iy = <..MBeSof sotto larity (M) = Volume of solution (in litres) Wate aes OD) unit : mol/L w= weight of solute (i) Motality (mn) Number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 kg of solvent is termed as molality (m) Mette Moan * Wopna (HKG) wnt: molg ‘w= weight of solute(1D) [Roms and toiocuee “Answers & Solitons of Chomitry «Clas IX (Love (ii) Mole fraction (x) Itis the ratio of number of moles of one component to the total number of moles of all components present in the solution. qi no unit 4. Molar mass of sulphur (Sq) = x 32 = 256 g mot Number of moles of S, in 107.1 g = 122-1 - 9.418 mol 5. 49% (wiw) means 100 g of solution contain 49 g of H,SO, 49 Number of moles of H,SO, = gg = 0.5 mole 100 Volume of solution ce pr 100m a Molarity = YGiq mt) “1° £5 4000 -0,5 M i000 oR 10 xx% xd Molarity = Motariy = 10%49%0.1 Molarity = 6 AtSTP, 6 L of gas weights 7.14 g 5M So, 224 L of gas weights S14.20.4 ‘So, molar mass of gas = 7 €+0,3C0, 22.4 Lof O, produces 22.4 L of CO; 22.4 56 L of O, will produce <= 5.8 2 =56L of CO, 8. N, (g) + 3H, (g) > 2NH,, Given weight 10g 109 Molecular weight 28g 6 Number of moles 0.36 1.66 NN, is the limiting reagent 28 g Of N, gives 44.8 L of NH, 448 10g of N, will give 5-*10 = 16L of NH, ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Ofce : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Dahi-110005 Ph.011-47620456Tar Boos of Sami - ise Bah Tas wae 16 g of methane burns to give 36 g of HO. 36 8 g of methane bums to give +5 *8 = 19g of H,0 10. Mg + 2 HCI —> MgCl, + H, 24 g of magnesium gives 22.4 L of hydrogen gas 2.4L. 18 g of magnesium will gve “> q *189 = 16.8 L of hydrogen gas SECTION-B : Objective Type Questions : 4. Answer (3) 2, Answer (3) 3. Answer (4) No. of moles of solute Molariy (M) = ‘ojume of solution in tre) Mass of solute fms ae No of moles = rar mase'ef aol ‘Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g 20 No. of moles = <-2 = 0.5 mol 409 95: capi M= 300 1000 = 2.5 M 4, Anewar (1) MV, = MV, M,=5M V, = 250 mL; 5. Answer (2) 6. Answer (1) Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g Given mass of NaOH = 40'g 49, 1000. 95m 40 2000 mL 7. Answer (4) 8. Answer (1) Molariy (M) = 71000 MxV 1000 0.50260 1000, 0.125 mol ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Dehi-110005 Ph.011-47623456FD as Fw i Coy Sas ah 2. omer No. of moles of solu! Volume of solution in Molarity (M) = No. of mole (n) > 025= oo x 1000 0.25 = 500 > Togo 70-125 mol 40. Answer (1) Molar mass of ghicose (CjH,,O,) = (6 = 12+ 12 + 6 « 16) = 180 9 We % 1000 (MM = Vin = * 480 11. Answer (1) Molarity (M) = Mol aon of coset) = 5S 2.0277 0.0123 2.249 2, = vyz@L+2u=0L = mye MEM 2 8X2 9G 6 = M-2M 13. Answer (1) wy * 1000 Motaity (m= 2 * 1000 (Ml)y Wa (a) Molar mass of KOH = (39 + 16 + 1) = 56 g mol* 21000 _ 100 ‘56 x 20 56 = 178m ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456ane ES I a Tara wae 14, Answer (4) Caco, + +Ca0+c0, Given weight No. of moles of CaCO, = ‘ygecuiar weight = 0 * 400 = 05 mole 1 mole of CaCO, produces 224 L of CO, 0.5 mole of CaCO, produces 22.4 x 05 45. Answer (3) 2Mg + O, > 2MgO Given weight No. of moles of Mg = Molecuiar weight = 2 osméle 4 2 mole of Mg require 1 mole O, 0.5 mole of Na require 4x05 =0.25 mole of O, and 1 mole of O, = 32.9 of O, 0.25 mole of O, = 32 * 0.25 = 8 g of O, 16. Answer (4) 2H, (g) + Op (g) > 2H,0 Given volume No. of moles of hydrogen gas = “Tor ar aTp 56 224 0.25 moles 2 mole of H, react with 1 mole of O, y 0.25 mole of H, react with = * 0.25 = 0.125 mole of O, and 1 mole of O, = 22.4 Liof 0; (at STP) 0.125 mole of O, = 22.4 * 0.125 = 2.8L of O, 17. Answer (1) 80, + H,0 —» H,S0, Given weight 489 99 Molecular weight 84g 189 No. of moles 075 05 H,0 is the limiting reagent 1 mole of H,O gives 1 mole of H,SO,, 0.5 mole of H,O gives 0.5 mole of H,SO, 1 mole of H,SO, = 82 g of H,SO, ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Offce : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi110005 Ph.011-47623456[LE [atoms end Motecutes “Answers & Solutions of Chemistry - Class IX (Level) 0.5 mole of H,SO, = 82 « 0.5= 41 g of H,SO, 2A+B+3C + A,BC, Givenno.ofmoles 6 4 8 48. Answer (1) 49. Answer (1) "C’is the limiting reagent 3 mole of C gives 1 mole of A,BC, Hy (g) + Cl, (g) — 2HCI (9) 20. Answer (3) H(9) + Cla(g) > 2HCKg) 7300 Given weight No.of moles of HCI ()= Faetecular weight «if 365 =02 2 mole HC! is produced by 1, mole H, 0.2 mole HC! is produced by 0.1. mole H, and 0.1 mole H, = 0.1 x 22.4 = 2.241 Similarly, 2 mole HCl is produced by 1 mole Cl, 0.2 mole HCI is produced by 0:4 mole Cl, and 0.1 mole Cl, = 0.1 ¥ 22.4 = 2.24L SECTION-C : Assertion & Reason Type Questions : Answer (2) Answer (2) Answer (4) ‘Answer (1) Answer (3) Answer (3) 7. Answer (1) SECTION-D : Match the Columns Type Questions : Answer (1) Answer (2) ‘Answer (4) Answer (3) Answer (4) ‘Answer (2) goad ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Ofice : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi10005 Ph.011-47623456,