topic 2

IB English powered by The IB English Guys is here!
IB BIOLOGY SL - 2024 - QUESTIONBANK

Topic 2 All - Molecular Biology
All Questions for Topic 2 (Molecular Biology). Molecules to Metabolism, Water, Carbohydrates & Lipids , Proteins, Enzymes, Structure of DNA & RNA,
DNA Replication, Transcription, & Translation, Cell Respiration, Photosynthesis
Filters Jump to
Question 1
EASY
Three double-stranded nucleotide sequences are shown below. Which of these sequences of base pairs is possible in a DNA molecule?
I. 5’- GGA CAG AGC -3’

3’- CCT GTC TCG -5’
II. 5’- GGA CAG AGC -3’

3’- TTC ACT CTA -5’
III. 5’- AGG GAC CGA -3’

3’- TCC CTG GCT -5’
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton
Question 2
EASY
Which of the following macromolecules describe a typical enzyme?
Macromolecule Type
A. Protein Fibrous
B. Lipid Hydrophobic
C. Protein Globular
D. Lipid Hydrophilic
Question 3
EASY
Which of the following are correct percentages of bases in a sample of DNA?
Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine

A. 10% 25% 30% 35%
B. 10% 15% 15% 10%
C. 20% 30% 30% 20%
D. 20% 20% 30% 30%

Question 4
EASY
Which nucleic acid carries genetic material coding for proteins?
A. Ribosomal RNA
B. mRNA
C. ATP
D. tRNA
EASY
Question 5
A disaccharide is formed by a condensation reaction between a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule. Which molecule fits this description?
A. Maltose
B. Lactose
C. Sucrose
D. Galactose
Mark Scheme Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton
Question 6
EASY
What is the name of the organelle on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum that is needed to synthesise polypeptide chains?
A. Nucleus
B. Vesicle
C. Ribosome
D. Mitochondrion
Question 7
EASY
Which component of blood is mainly composed of water and transports water-soluble substances to different parts of the body?
A. Red blood cells
B. White blood cells
C. Platelets
D. Blood plasma
Question 8
EASY
Which pair of characteristics are correct descriptions of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration?
Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration
A. Requires oxygen Requires oxygen
B. Produces a large yield of ATP Produces a small yield of ATP
C. Substrate is glucose only Substrate is glucose or lipid
D. Releases lactic acid Releases carbon dioxide and water
EASY
Question 9
Which reaction converts monosaccharides into disaccharides?
A. Condensation
B. Hydrolysis
C. Catabolism
D. Oxidation
Question 10
EASY
Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?
A. Photolysis
B. Chemiosmosis
C. The Calvin cycle
D. The electron transport chain
Question 12
EASY
What intermolecular bond is responsible for water's cohesive, adhesive and thermal properties?
A. Covalent bond
B. Hydrogen bond
C. Ionic bond
D. Metallic bond
Question 13
EASY
Which fluid acts as a coolant in the human body?
A. Tears
B. Sweat
C. Urine
D. Saliva
EASY
Question 14
The diagram below shows the genetic code table.
[Source: Greenwood, S. (2018, August). File: Genetic Code.png. Wikimedia commons. Retrieved May 14, 2022, from https:// commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:
Genetic_Code.png. Copyright under CC-BY-SA 4.0]
Which of the following shows an mRNA sequence that can be converted into a polypeptide?
A. 5’ - AUG GCC AAA AGG CCC AGU UAG - 3’
B. 5’ - UAG CCG AAA AGG CCC AGU AUG - 3’
C. 5’ - AAA CGG ATG ACC CTC AGT TAC - 3’
D. 5’ - TAC AGT CTC ACC ATG CGG AAA - 3’
Question 15
EASY
What is the substrate for the enzyme lactase?
A. Glucose
B. Galactose
C. Lactose
D. Fructose
Question 16
EASY
What property of water helps living organisms maintain their internal body temperature?
A. Thermal properties
B. Cohesive properties
C. Adhesive properties
D. Solvent properties
EASY
Question 17
Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?
A. Rhodopsin
B. Rubisco
C. Collagen
D. Insulin
Question 18
EASY
The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a
constant value throughout this particular experiment?
[© Revision Village 2022. Created with Chemix (https://chemix.org)]
A. Placing the tube containing Elodea in a water bath.
B. Using the same volume of sodium hydrogen carbonate solution for each trial.
C. Placing the Elodea at a constant distance from the same light source for each trial.
D. Using the same concentration of sodium hydrogen carbonate solution for each trial.
EASY
Question 19
Which of the following is not soluble in water?
A. Glucose
B. Amino Acids
C. Cholesterol
D. Sodium Chloride
EASY
Question 20
What substances are attracted to water and form intermolecular bonds with water molecules?
A. Insoluble substances
B. Hydrophobic substances
C. Hydrophilic substances
D. Non-polar substances
Question 21
EASY
Which of the following proteins is a hormone?
A. Insulin
B. Rhodopsin
C. Collagen
D. Rubisco
Question 22
EASY
Which is the correctly annotated diagram of a molecule of water?
Question 23
EASY
The most abundant catalytic protein in a vascular plant is found in the leaves. What is the name of this protein?
A. Insulin
B. Rubisco
C. Rhodopsin
D. Collagen
EASY
Question 24
What are the products of the hydrolysis of ATP?
A. Pyruvate and energy
B. ADP, inorganic phosphate and energy
C. ATP and water
D. Oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus, carbon and nitrogen
Question 25
EASY
The micrograph below shows the longitudinal cross-section of a stem from a plant in the Pinus genus. Xylem vessels are clearly visible.
Magnification 100×
[Source: From Berkshire Community College Bioscience Image Library. (2014). Radial section: Pinus stem magnification: 100× iron-alum hematoxylin and safranin stain.
Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved April 29, 2022, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gymnosperm_Stem_Soft_Wood_in_Pinus_(36087426450).jpg. Copyright by
CC BY CC0 1.0]
The xylem is composed of hollow, tube-like tissues that transport water through capillary action. What property of water explains capillary action?
A. Melting point
B. Adhesive properties
C. Specific heat capacity
D. High boiling point

Question 26
EASY
Which diagram represents a cis fatty acid?
A. B.
C. D.
[ © Revision Village 2022]
Question 27
EASY
Which of the following statements is false regarding translation?
A. Translation needs mRNA, which carries genetic information in the form of codons.
B. The process of translation starts with the start codon AUG.
C. Translation takes place in the nucleus.
D. tRNAs contain anticodons which are complementary to the mRNA’s codons.
EASY
Question 28
Which of the following statements about lipids is true?
A. It is advisable to add saturated fats to one’s diet.
B. There is a carbon-carbon triple bond in monounsaturated fats.
C. Polyunsaturated fats are made up of carbon-carbon single bonds to keep them in a liquid state.
D. Saturated fats are made up of carbon-carbon single bonds.
Question 29
EASY
What type of reaction is photosynthesis?
A. Catabolic
B. Fermentation
C. Anabolic
D. Hydrolysis

Question 30
EASY
A strand of nucleotides reads CCUAGAGCUUACCG. Which type of pentose sugar could be found in the nucleotides in this strand?
A. Deoxyribose only
B. Ribose only
C. Both deoxyribose and ribose
D. Neither deoxyribose nor ribose
EASY
Question 32
Which type of reaction is involved in the formation of polysaccharides?
A. Hydrolysis
B. Condensation
C. Decarboxylation
D. Phosphorylation
Question 33
EASY
What is a common limiting factor for plant growth in arid (dry) environments?
A. High humidity
B. Excessive rainfall
C. Soil compaction
D. Low light intensity
Question 34
EASY
Which statement is correct concerning the structure of DNA?
A. A phosphate within a nucleotide is covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base
B. DNA molecules are made up of two parallel strands running in the same 3'-5' direction, linked by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases
C. Bonding between adjacent phosphates and deoxyribose sugars forms the backbone of DNA
D. Adenine is complementary to uracil, and cytosine is complementary to guanine
Question 35
EASY
What does X represent?

A. The ratio of the distance moved by the pigment and solvent
B. The distance moved by the solvent
C. The distance moved by the pigment
D. The baseline
EASY
Question 36
Which of the following processes is most directly involved in the formation of nucleic acids such as DNA?
A. Hydrolysis
B. Condensation
C. Catabolism
D. Translation
Question 37
EASY
Which of the following processes may be described as catabolism?
A. Reactions between many amino acids leading to the formation of a polypeptide.
B. Synthesis of a starch molecule from many glucose molecules.
C. Digestion of a single starch molecule resulting in many molecules of maltose.
D. Formation of DNA molecules from nucleotides.
Question 38
EASY
What distinguishes uracil from thymine?

Uracil Thymine
A. Joined to a pentose sugar Joined to a hexose sugar
B. Found in RNA Found in DNA
C. Two-ring structure Single-ring structure
D. Complementary to cytosine Complementary to adenine
Question 39
EASY
The diagram shows a respirometer that is being used to measure the oxygen consumption rate in germinating seeds. In 2 minutes, the ink in the syringe moved by 3 ml, what is the rate of
respiration of the germinating seeds?
A. 1.5 ml s-1
B. 0.025 ml s-1
C. 6 ml s-1
D. 360 ml s-1
Question 40
EASY
Which of the following statements is best depicted by the figure below?
[©Revision Village 2022.]
A. Reaction X is a representation of anabolic reactions.
B. Reaction X is a representation of catabolic reactions.
C. Reaction X is a representation of all metabolic reactions.
D. Reaction Y is a representation of anabolic reactions.
Question 41
EASY
Biomolecules have diverse forms and structures. Which of the following statements is false?
A. Deoxyribose can be differentiated from ribose because of the absence of the hydroxyl (-OH) group on the 2’ carbon.
B. Amino acids consist of an amino group, an acidic carboxyl group and an organic R group.
C. Phospholipids are lipid molecules with a hydrophobic “head” and two hydrophilic “tails.”
D. Glucose is an example of a monosaccharide.
Question 42
EASY
Which of the following monomers can combine to form polypeptides?
A. Fatty acids
B. Amino acids
C. Proteins
D. Nucleotides
Question 43
EASY
Which of the following requires ATP as an immediate source of energy?
I. Transmission of a nerve impulse

II. Osmosis
III. Condensation of a polypeptide
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 44
EASY
Which statement about enzymes is not true?
A. Enzymes are made of one or more polypeptides curled into very specific shapes.
B. The active site of an enzyme can accommodate many different substrates.
C. When the substrate fits into the active site, the shape of the whole enzyme changes slightly.
D. Enzymes are responsible for catalyzing most metabolic reactions that occur in living cells.
EASY
Question 45
Which of the following best defines the term “Proteome”?
A. The total number of proteins present within a population
B. The total number of proteins present within an individual

C. The complete set of proteins a population can express
D. The complete set of proteins an individual can express
Question 46
EASY
Which of the following graphs best illustrates the relationship between temperature and the activity of enzymes such as lipase?
A. B.
C. D.
EASY
Question 47
Unlike the majority of other DNA polymerases, Taq polymerase, which is used in PCR reactions can withstand high temperatures without denaturing. Which of the following is a likely source
for Taq polymerase?
A. Bacteria living in the Arctic
B. Bacteria from the hot springs in Yellowstone National Park
C. Microorganisms in Siberia's deep permafrost
D. Bacteria found in the undergrowth of rainforests

Question 48
EASY
A respirometer is a device that can be used to measure the respiration rate of germinating seeds.
In the experimental set-up shown above, how is the rate of oxygen uptake measured?
A. The volume of soda-lime is measured.
B. The displacement of gas in the syringe is measured.
C. A reading is taken from an oxygen sensor.
D. The temperature of the system is measured.
Question 49
EASY
Which of the following contain peptide bonds?
I. Amino Acids
II. Dipeptides
III. Proteins
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 50
EASY
Which substance is present in the brewing of beer but not found in bread?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Lactic acid
C. Ethanol
D. Water
Question 51
EASY
The diagram below shows transcription.

[© Revision Village 2022. Created with BioRender.com]
What do structures X and Y have in common?
A. Both are made up of phosphate groups, ribose sugar and nitrogenous bases.
B. Both contain hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine.
C. Both contain phosphodiester bonds between phosphate groups and monosaccharides.
D. Both have six-carbon monosaccharides in their structure.
Question 52
EASY
What bond is formed between two glucose molecules to form maltose?
A. Hydrogen
B. Peptide
C. α 1-4 glycosidic linkage
D. Phosphodiester
Question 53
EASY
What is the role of Taq polymerase in the PCR process?
A. Copies DNA segments at a high temperature
B. Used to separate the DNA double helix
C. Used to cut DNA into fragments for use in electrophoresis
D. Attaches DNA primers to target sequences
Question 54
EASY
Which of the following statements describes α-Linolenate, as depicted in the diagram below?
[©Revision Village 2022. Created using MolView (https://molview.org)]
A. A saturated fatty acid
B. A mono-unsaturated fatty acid
C. A polyunsaturated fatty acid
D. A triglyceride
EASY
Question 55
Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can perform photosynthesis. Which structural feature is common to both cyanobacteria and plant cells?
A. Chloroplast
B. Cell wall
C. Pili
D. Mitochondria
Question 56
EASY
Which statements are characteristics of a DNA molecule?
I. The two strands are identical.

II. The two strands are antiparallel to one another.
III. The sugar-phosphate backbone is held together by covalent bonds.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 57
EASY
Which of the following is not an ethical implication of biofuel production?

A. Biofuel is a renewable energy source
B. Amount of land required for biofuel farming
C. Food prices
D. Demand for fertilisers required for biofuel farming
Question 58
EASY
This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures.
[© Revision Village 2022]
What conclusion can be made?
A. There is more carbon dioxide produced at x than w.
B. The rate of photosynthesis increases with temperature.
C. The maximum amount of oxygen is produced at x.
D. The concentration of carbon dioxide is a limiting factor at y.
Question 59
EASY
What bond is formed between two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide?
A. Ester
B. Peptide
C. Glycosidic
D. Phosphodiester
Question 60
EASY
Which of the following is a steroid?
[©Revision Village 2023. Created with BioRender.com]
Question 61
EASY
The graph shows the results from an enclosed greenhouse experiment studying the effect of increasing carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis. What conclusion can be
drawn from the graph?
A. As carbon dioxide concentration increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases.
B. Light intensity is a limiting factor.
C. As carbon dioxide concentration increases, the concentration of oxygen decreases.
D. When the rate of photosynthesis plateaus, carbon dioxide is no longer a limiting factor.
Question 62
EASY
What is the product of this reaction?

A. Fatty acid
B. Starch
C. Glycogen
D. Triglyceride
EASY
Question 64
Which statement(s) are correct in explaining why lipids are used as a long-term energy store instead of carbohydrates?
I. Lipids contain more energy per gramme than carbohydrates

II. Lipids are insoluble, whereas carbohydrates are not
III. Lipids contain less oxygen than carbohydrates
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 65
EASY
The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.
What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?
A. Light intensity is a limiting factor if all other conditions are kept the same.
B. The maximum rate of photosynthesis is reached at 40% light intensity if all other conditions are kept the same.
C. Rubisco enzymes are saturated with the substrate at 40% light intensity.
D. Enzymes are denatured at 65% light intensity.
Question 66
EASY
The table gives the genetic code.
[Source: CNX OpenStax. (2016, November 11). File: OSC Microbio 11 04 GenCode.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved January 4, 2023, from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: OSC_Microbio_11_04_GenCode.jpg. Copyright under CC-BY 4.0]
Which polypeptide is produced by the mRNA sequence AUG GCU AAA UAG CGA?
A. Met-Ala-Lys
B. Met-Ala-Lys-Tyr-Arg
C. Met-Arg-Asn
D. Met-Arg-Asn-Cys-Arg
EASY
Question 67
The diagram shows a respirometer. This device is used to measure the rate of respiration of germinating seeds.
Which manometer shows the position of the coloured liquid after ten minutes?
A. B.
C. D.
Question 68
EASY
The following image shows the structure of the lysozyme enzyme. The darkened structure in black is the substrate and is bound at the active site.
[Adapted from Shafee, T. (2015, December 22). File: enzyme structure.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved May 13, 2022, from https: //commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:
Enzyme_structure.svg. Copyright under CC-BY 4.0]
Which of the following characterizes the active site of an enzyme?
A. It is rigid and cannot change its shape.
B. It has a binding site for a substrate(s) and catalyzes reactions.
C. It is always found in the middle of globular enzymes.
D. It is changed irreversibly in shape after binding with the substrate.
Question 69
EASY
The table shows the fat compositions of different oils (in units of mass g per 100 g).
Oil Type Saturated fat Trans fats Monounsaturated fats Polyunsaturated fats
Coconut oil 87 0 6 6
Palm oil 49 0 9 37
Partially hydrogenated vegetable oil 0 25 0 0
Olive oil 14 0 73 73
[Source: Adapted from USDA. (2022). USDA Nutrition. Nutrition.gov | USDA. Retrieved October 23, 2022, from https://www.nutrition.gov/. Copyright free.]
Which oil would be recommended to avoid in a human diet?
A. Coconut oil
B. Palm oil
C. Partially hydrogenated vegetable oil
D. Olive oil
Question 70
EASY
What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?
A. Urea is produced by kidneys, indicating that living things can make organic compounds.
B. Urea can be produced in laboratories, indicating that living things cannot synthesize organic compounds.
C. Urea can be produced in laboratories, indicating that not only living things can synthesize organic compounds.
D. Urea is produced by the kidneys, indicating that not only laboratories can make organic compounds.
Question 71
EASY
Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?
Reaction Products Anabolic or Catabolic Endothermic or Exothermic

A. Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide, water Catabolic Exothermic
B. Respiration Oxygen, glucose Catabolic Exothermic
C. Photosynthesis Oxygen, glucose Anabolic Endothermic
D. Respiration Carbon dioxide, water Anabolic Endothermic
EASY
Question 72
Which of the following statements about the dipolarity of the water molecule are true?
I. Oxygen attracts the shared electrons stronger than hydrogen.

II. Hydrogen atoms are partially negative.
III. The shared electrons spend more time closer to oxygen.
A. I and II
B. II and III
C. I and III
D. I, II, and III

Question 73
EASY
Which of the following statements is true regarding peptide bonds?
I. Ribosomes facilitate their formation.

II. They form between an alcohol and a carboxyl group.
III. They require the addition of water.
A. I only
B. II and III only
C. I and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 78
EASY
What would make one DNA molecule more stable than another DNA molecule?
I. More G-C base pairs than A-T base pairs

II. More hydrogen bonds between base pairs
III. Greater distance between A-T base pairs than G-C base pairs
A. I only
B. III only
C. I and II only
D. I, II and III
Question 80
EASY
The diagram shows the structure of a DNA fragment.
Which letter points to the bonds that easily break and reform?
[Source: Adapted from User: Madprime. (2010, March). File: DNA chemical structure jp.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved May 15, 2022, from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: DNA_chemical_structure_jp.svg. Copyright under CC-SA 3.0]
Question 81
EASY
The diagram below shows the genetic code.

[Source: Greenwood, S. (2018, August). File: Genetic Code.png. Wikimedia commons. Retrieved May 14, 2022, from https ://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:
Genetic_Code.png. Copyright under CC-BY-SA 4.0]
Which of the following features can be deduced from the genetic code?
I. Codons consisting of different bases can code for the same amino acid
II. Codon AUG does not code for an amino acid
III. mRNA strands coding for a protein will always contain codons that do not code for amino acids
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 82
EASY
Biomolecules can be broken down or synthesized through metabolic reactions. Which type(s) of metabolic reactions are condensation reactions?
I. Hydrolysis
II. Catabolic
III. Anabolic
A. II only
B. III only
C. I and II only
D. II and III only
Question 83
EASY
Which statement(s) about starch and glycogen is/are correct?
I. Starch and glycogen are branched molecules.

II. Starch is made up β− glucose molecules but glycogen is made up of α− glucose molecules.
III. Starch and glycogen are energy storing polysaccharides.
A. I only
B. I, II, and III
C. I and III only
D. II only
Question 84
EASY
Which of the following processes occur in prokaryotic cells but not eukaryotic cells?
A. Transcription takes place in the cytoplasm
B. mRNA splicing
C. Regulation of transcription
D. Translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain
Question 85
EASY
Which of the following are consequences of the first organisms on earth beginning to perform photosynthesis?
I. Oxidation of dissolved iron in the water

II. Decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
III. Banded iron formations
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 86
EASY
What is an advantage of anaerobic cell respiration in the manufacturing of biofuel?
A. Low yields of ATP in the absence of oxygen.
B. Carbon dioxide is produced.
C. Purification of biofuel by distillation.
D. Yeast converts plant matter such as corn into ethanol.
Question 87
EASY
In an experiment, the effect of increasing temperature on the efficiency of lactase activity is tested. Which is an appropriate dependent variable for this experiment?
A. Change in temperature
B. Variation in pH
C. Change in lactase concentration
D. Rate of glucose production
EASY
Question 88
The diagram below shows the DNA band pattern from the first two generations of a bacterial culture. Generation numbers are indicated at the bottom of the diagram. Bacteria were grown
before the experiment in a medium containing a heavy isotope of nitrogen, 15 N, and then transferred to the medium with the light isotope, 14 N which marked the beginning of the experiment
(generation 0).
What evidence in generation 2 supports the theory that DNA replication is semi-conservative?
A. There are two bands; a band for the heavy 15 N and a band for the light 14 N
B. There are two bands; both bands contain half 14 N and half 15 N
C. There are two bands; a band for a hybrid of 15 N - 14 N DNA and a band for the light 14 N molecule
D. There are two bands; both bands only contain 14 N
Question 89
EASY
How does denaturation change the properties of an enzyme?
A. The enzyme structure is changed but it can still bind the substrate.
B. The structure of the enzyme is changed so that it can no longer function as a catalyst.
C. There can be a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein and its tertiary structure is altered.
D. It makes the enzyme more active at high temperatures.
Question 90
EASY
What does the phrase ‘the genetic code is universal’ mean?
A. Adenine always pairs with thymine, and guanine always pairs with cytosine
B. Almost all living organisms use the same genetic code

C. Different codons cannot code for the same amino acid
D. Proteomes are always larger than the genomes
Question 91
EASY
Which of the following reactions results in the formation of a dipeptide from two amino acids?
A. Condensation
B. Denaturation
C. Hydrolysis
D. Catabolism
Question 92
EASY
The graph shows the results from a study on the effect of temperature on the respiration rate of germinating seeds, using a respirometer, which measures the volume of carbon dioxide
produced over time. What can be concluded from the results?
A. The rate of respiration decreases as the concentration of glucose decreases
B. The rate of respiration is fastest between 0 and 10 °C
C. As temperature increases, the rate of respiration also increases
D. Once the temperature is above 40 °C, the rate of respiration decreases
Question 94
EASY
Using the BMI chart, what is the minimum height a person of 80 kg should be, to be considered a normal weight?
[Source: Adapted from amfucla. (2017, September 21). File: BMI chart.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 10, 2022, from https ://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:
BMI_chart.svg. CC-BY-SA-4.0]
A. 1.71 m
B. 1.78 m
C. 1.80 m
D. 1.75 m
Question 95
MEDIUM
The diagram shows how RNA is transcribed from DNA. What structures are indicated by the labels X, Y, and Z?
[Source: Adapted from National Human Genome Research Institute. (n.d.). Transcription. Retrieved March 18, 2022, from https://www.genome.gov/genetics-
glossary/Transcription. Copyright under Public Domain]
X Y Z
A. 5’ end of DNA 3’ end of RNA RNA polymerase
B. 5’ end of DNA 3’ end of RNA DNA ligase
C. 3’ end of DNA 5’ end of RNA RNA polymerase
D. 3’ end of RNA 5’ end of DNA DNA polymerase
Question 97
MEDIUM
Which of the following thermal properties of water is incorrectly matched?

Property Water Methane
A. Melting Point 0°C -182°C
B. Specific Heat Capacity 2.2 J per g per °C 4.2 J per g per °C
C. Latent Heat of Vaporization 2,260 J g −1 760 J g −1
D. Boiling Point 100°C -160°C
Question 99
MEDIUM
Which of the labelled structures shows the correct directionality of the DNA molecule?
Question 103
MEDIUM
Which molecule diagram is correctly matched to the name?

Name of molecule Structure of molecule
A. α - Glucose
Name of molecule Structure of molecule
B. Galactose
C. β - Glucose
D. Fructose
[Source: Adapted from OpenStax College. (2013). Five Important Monosaccharides-01 [Diagram]. Retrieved August 8, 2022, from https://
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:217_Five_Important_Monosaccharides-01.jpg Copyright under CC BY 3.0]
Question 106
MEDIUM
What distinguishes DNA polymerase from RNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase RNA polymerase

A. Synthesizes a new DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction Synthesizes an RNA strand in the 3' to 5' direction
B. Binds thymine containing nucleotides to adenine containing nucleotides Binds uracil containing nucleotides to adenine containing nucleotides
C. Binds uracil containing nucleotides to adenine containing nucleotides Synthesizes an RNA strand in the 3' to 5' direction
D. Used in transcription Used in RNA replication
Question 107
MEDIUM
What would happen to the rate of an enzyme catalysed reaction at high substrate concentrations, as seen in the diagram below?
[Source: Adapted from YassineMrabet (2007, August 13). File: KinEnzymo(en).svg - wikimedia commons. Wikimedia commons. Retrieved September 20, 2023, from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: KinEnzymo(en).svg Copyright under CC BY 3.0]
A. The reaction rate slows because the enzymes begin to denature.
B. The reaction rate speeds up because there is more substrate available.
C. The reaction rate reaches a plateau because the enzymes become saturated.
D. The reaction stops because the enzymes are used up.

Question 109
MEDIUM
The graph shows the effect of increasing pH on the rate of an enzymatic reaction. What is occurring during the phase labelled section X in the graph?
A. The substrate has all been converted to product.
B. The enzyme is saturated with substrate.
C. The active site of the enzyme has become denatured.
D. The optimum pH has been reached.
Question 110
MEDIUM
An experiment tests the effect of changing substrate concentration on an enzymatic reaction. What could be the independent and dependent variables in this experiment?
Independent variable Dependent variable

A. temperature substrate concentration
B. substrate concentration rate of product formation
C. enzyme concentration temperature
D. rate of product formation substrate concentration
Question 111
MEDIUM
The graph shows the changes in blood pH levels of an individual before exercise, during exercise and after exercise.
Which statement may explain the changes in blood pH shown in the graph?
A. The blood pH decreases due to the build-up of lactate.
B. The blood pH decreases due to muscle cells undergoing anaerobic respiration in the presence of oxygen.
C. The blood pH decreases due to the continued anaerobic respiration caused by oxygen debt.
D. The blood pH decreases due to the large yield of ATP produced during strenuous exercise.
Question 113
MEDIUM
Which of the following statements describes the advantages of using immobilized enzymes instead of free enzymes in the food, pharmaceutical and detergent industries?
I. Immobilization increases the stability of enzymes at a wider range of pH and temperatures.

II. Immobilization makes reusing and recovering enzymes a simpler process.
III. Immobilization makes the process more expensive.
A. I and II only
B. I only
C. II only
D. I, II and III
MEDIUM
Question 114
What is the correct classification of the molecule in the diagram?

[Source: Adapted from PubChem. (n.d.). Linoleic acid. NIH National library of medicine. Retrieved April 4, 2022, from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Linoleic-
acid. Copyright under Public Domain]
A. Cis monounsaturated fatty acid
B. Cis polyunsaturated fatty acid
C. Trans monounsaturated fatty acid
D. Trans polyunsaturated fatty acid
Question 116
MEDIUM
Which substance would need the greatest amount of energy to raise its temperature?
A. Air
B. Methanol
C. Water
D. Coconut oil
Question 117
MEDIUM
Which molecules form a triglyceride?
A. A phosphate head and two fatty acid tails
B. One fatty acid and three glycerol molecules
C. One glycerol molecule and three fatty acids
D. One glycerol molecule and three monosaccharides

Question 118
MEDIUM
Enzyme A (Enz A) was immobilised on a matrix and its activity was compared with that of a free enzyme in solution. The graph shows the relative enzyme activity (y-axis) with varying pH
(x-axis).
Which of the following statements is true?
I. Both soluble Enz A and immobilized Enz A are inactive at pH values higher than 8.
II. The immobilized Enz A idemonstrates greater activity than soluble Enz A at most pH values.
III. Immobilizing Enz A did not decrease its catalytic activity.
A. I and II only
B. I only
C. I, II and III
D. I and III only
Question 119
MEDIUM
Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what
pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?
[©Revision Village 2023. Created with Chemix (https://chemix.org)]

A. From the pencil line to the solvent front and from the pencil line to the centre of each pigment spot
B. From the centre of the pigment spot to the solvent front and from the base of the chromatography plate to the centre of the pigment spot
C. From the top of the pigment spot to the solvent front and from the bottom of the pigment spot to the pencil line
D. From the bottom of the chromatography plate to the centre of the pigment spot and from the bottom of the chromatography plate to the solvent front
Question 120
MEDIUM
Purified enzymes are easily denatured. Which of the following is the best way to keep enzymes active for a longer period of time?
A. By adding acid to the solution containing the enzyme
B. By adding alcohol to the solution containing the enzyme slowly under cold conditions
C. Keeping the enzyme in a buffer solution at an appropriate pH in a refrigerator
D. Heating the enzyme to 100o C and then storing it in an appropriate container
MEDIUM
Question 121
Which enzyme involved in DNA replication is matched to its correct function?
Enzyme Function
A. Helicase Unwinds the DNA strand by breaking covalent bonds
B. DNA polymerase Links the phosphate and sugars of adjacent nucleotides on the new strand
C. Ligase Prevents the DNA strand from becoming tangled
D. DNA Primase Sticks newly synthesised DNA fragments together
Question 122
MEDIUM
In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital
force" present in living matter.
What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?
A. Urea is produced by kidneys, indicating that living things can make organic compounds.
B. Urea can be produced in laboratories, indicating that living things cannot synthesize organic compounds.
C. Urea can be produced in laboratories, indicating that not only living things can synthesize organic compounds.
D. Urea is produced by the kidneys, indicating that not only laboratories can make organic compounds.
Question 124
MEDIUM
Which molecule is shown in the diagram below?

[Source: Bedin, T. (2022, February 28). Plast - Karbon og hydrogen I Lange Baner - Naturfag (TP) - NDLA. ndla.no. Retrieved June 9, 2022, from https
://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Figure_03_02_07.jpg. CC-BY-4.0]
A. Cellulose
B. Amylose
C. Starch
D. Glycogen
Question 126
MEDIUM
Which monosaccharides are matched to incorrect disaccharides?
Disaccharide Monosaccharides
A. Fructose Glucose and Sucrose
B. Lactose Glucose and Galactose
C. Maltose Glucose and Glucose
D. Sucrose Glucose and Fructose
Question 127
MEDIUM
What bases are P, Q, and R if S is a pyrimidine?
P Q R
A. Guanine Cytosine Thymine
B. Guanine Adenine Cytosine
C. Cytosine Guanine Adenine
D. Adenine Thymine Cytosine
Question 129
MEDIUM
Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?
A. B.
C. D.
[Source: Adapted from Beckett, M (2014). Colours of the visible light spectrum [Diagram] Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved April 9, 2022, from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Colours_of_the_visible_light_spectrum.png. Copyright-free]
Question 131
MEDIUM
What type of molecule is represented in the diagram below?
[ © Revision Village 2022. Created using MolView (https ://molview.org)]
A. Fatty acid
B. Phospholipid
C. Nucleotide
D. Amino acid
Question 132
MEDIUM
Which of the following is the correct composition of the named polysaccharide?
Polysaccharide Glucose molecule Linkages

A. Starch β− glucose 1,4 and 1,6
B. Glucagon α− glucose 1,4
C. Glycogen α− glucose 1,4 and 1,6
D. Cellulose β− glucose 1,6

Question 133
MEDIUM
Which of the following statements describes alpha-Linolenate, as depicted in the diagram below?
A. A saturated fatty acid
B. A mono-unsaturated fatty acid
C. A polyunsaturated fatty acid with cis bonds
D. A trans-fatty acid that is polyunsaturated
Question 134
MEDIUM
The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesis.
What can be directly inferred from the graph?
A. The highest rate of photosynthesis is in the presence of red light.
B. The highest rate of photosynthesis is in the presence of blue light.
C. The peaks mean that there are two types of chlorophyll pigments.
D. Different amounts of light are absorbed by chlorophyll at different wavelengths.

Question 135
MEDIUM
The diagram below shows a protein composed of three polypeptide chains, each chain contains 20 amino acids.
How many water molecules would be released in the synthesis of one of these chains?
A. 17
B. 18
C. 19
D. 20
Question 136
MEDIUM
A non-coding (antisense) strand of DNA consists of the following nucleotides:
GGCACATTAG
Which of the following represents the RNA transcript produced by this DNA strand?
A. GGCACAUUAG
B. CCGUGUAAUC
C. GGCACATTAG
D. CCGTGTAATC
Question 140
MEDIUM
Before the current model of DNA was accepted, several other models were proposed. What was one of the limitations of the earlier DNA models?
A. It was a triple-helix structure with bases facing outwards.
B. The amount of adenine was the same as the amount of thymine.
C. The sugar-phosphate backbone was oriented outwards.
D. Early models showed the bases oriented inwards.
Question 143
MEDIUM
The graphs below show the nucleotide base distribution for the genome of human mitochondria.
[©Revision Village 2023]
What conclusion can be made based on the data shown above?
A. The genome contains an equal distribution of adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.
B. There is no relationship between the four nucleotide bases.
C. Adenine and guanine are less common than thymine and cytosine.
D. There is complementary base pairing between guanine and cytosine, and between adenine and thymine.
Question 145
MEDIUM
The table below shows the percentage of nitrogenous bases found in the DNA of Escherichia coli bacteria.
Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine

32% 18% 18% 32%
What conclusion can be made based on the data shown in the table above?
A. There is complementary base pairing between adenine and thymine, and between cytosine and guanine
B. The total amount of cytosine and guanine is less because there are fewer hydrogen bonds between cytosine and guanine
C. The bacteria contain a circular chromosome which prevents errors when nitrogenous bases pair up
D. The percentage composition of base pairs found in chromosomes and plasmids is different
Question 147
MEDIUM
The diagram shows a molecule that plays an important role in protein synthesis.
[Source: Adapted from CNX OpenStax (2016, November). File: OSC Microbio 11 04 tRNA.jpg. Wikimedia commons. Retrieved May 13, 2022, from https://
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.jpg. Copyright under CC-BY-4.0]
Which is found at X?
I. Uncoiled DNA
II. Amino acid binding site
III. RNA nucleotides
A. II only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 154
MEDIUM
What is the fate of a ribosome after translation is completed?
A. It twists and folds proteins into a tertiary structure suited to perform a specific function
B. It binds to another amino acid
C. The large subunit and the small subunit of the ribosome separate to be reused again later
D. It is destroyed by a lysosome
Question 156
MEDIUM
Which of the following are involved in denaturation?
I. A change to the three dimensional structure of the protein

II. A change in the amino acid sequence of the protein
III. Changes in the properties of the protein
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 157
MEDIUM
Which of the structures A-D represents the -R group in the molecule below?
A. B.
C. D.
MEDIUM
Question 160
The graph shows the amount of oxygen inside a chamber containing yeast cells and substrates as measured by an oxygen sensor. The experimental investigation compared the rate of oxygen
consumption during aerobic respiration by the yeast cells using three different substrates: sucrose, fructose and glucose.
What can be concluded from the graph?
A. The hydrolysis of sucrose forms glucose and fructose
B. The breakdown of glucose and fructose is much slower than sucrose
C. The rate of cellular respiration decreases the more complex the substrate
D. The cumulative amount of oxygen consumed by the yeast cells increases over time
Question 161
MEDIUM
The black-throated loon (Gavia arctica) is a bird that lives near large bodies of water in cold climates. Which of the following is a correct description of how the properties of water may make
winter temperatures more moderate for the black-throated loon?
A. Water has a relatively high specific heat capacity which buffers the environmental temperature.
B. Ice floats on water so insulates the liquid water beneath the ice.
C. Water has a low specific heat capacity which warms the surrounding air.
D. Water is dense which enables the black-throated loon to float.
Question 163
MEDIUM
Which of the following depicts an amino acid?
A. B.
C. D.
Question 164
MEDIUM
In the digestion of starch in the small intestine, amylase breaks down both amylose and amylopectin into simpler sugars. However, complete digestion to glucose requires additional enzymes
due to certain structural characteristics. What is the primary reason amylase alone cannot fully break down amylopectin into maltose, unlike its action on amylose?
A. It contains β-glucose which amylase cannot interact with.
B. It contains α-glucose which amylase cannot interact with.
C. It has 1,4 glycosidic linkages that amylase cannot break.
D. It has 1,6 glycosidic linkages that amylase cannot break.
Question 165
HARD
A polymer of beta-glucose found in plants has only 1,4-glycosidic linkages. Which molecule is described by this statement?
A. Amylopectin
B. Chitin
C. Cellulose
D. Glycogen
HARD
Question 169
Which of the following is/are characteristic(s) of Taq polymerase?
I. Requires a DNA primer

II. Works well at temperatures above 98°C
III. Used in gel electrophoresis to fluorescent tag DNA molecules
A. I only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
Question 170
HARD
The graph below shows the changes in the levels of lactate on the skin of athletes during pre-training (rest), training, and recovery.
[Source: Adapted from Ohkuwa, T., Tsukamoto, K., Yamai, K., Itoh, H., Yamazaki, Y., & Tsuda, T. (2009). The relationship between exercise intensity and lactate
concentration on the skin surface. International Journal of Biomedical Science: IJBS, 5(1), 23. Retrieved March 27, 2022. From
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3614747/ Copyright © Tetsuo Ohkuwa et al. Licensee Master Publishing Group. Copyright under CC BY]
Based on the graph, which is true?
A. There was no lactate during pre-training because there was no cellular respiration.
B. As exercise intensity increased, anaerobic respiration increased.
C. During periods of exercise, lactate levels remained constant.
D. During the recovery periods, aerobic and anaerobic respiration continuously increased.

Question 171
HARD
Edwin Chargaff conducted experiments by isolating and quantifying nucleic acids in DNA, to demonstrate that base pairing occurs between one purine and one pyrimidine. What would he
have observed about the ratio of nucleic acids in DNA if base pairing occurred between purine and purine, and between pyrimidine and pyrimidine instead?
A. A+G=T+C
B. A-G=T+C
C. A-T=G-C
D. A+T=G+C
Question 172
HARD
Malate is converted to oxaloacetate (OAA) by the enzyme malate dehydrogenase. It is an example of metabolic reaction in the mitochondria.
[Huai, K. (2017, February 18). File: Krebs Cycle 8 L-Malate to oxaloacetate.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved May 15, 2022. From https
://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Krebs_cycle_8_l-malate_to_oxaloacetate.svg Copyright under CC-BY-SA.]
Which of the following is applicable to this reaction?
A. The enzyme is not affected by higher temperatures and extreme pH conditions.
B. The enzyme can catalyze both forward and backward reactions.
C. With increasing enzyme concentration in the presence of sufficient substrate, there is no change in the reaction rate.
D. The active site for the forward reaction is different from the one for the backward reaction.
Thank you Revision Village Members
#1 IB Math Resource
Revision Village is ranked the #1 IB Math Resources by IB Students & Teachers.

topic 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

topic 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

IB English powered by The IB English Guys is here!

IB BIOLOGY SL - 2024 - QUESTIONBANK

I. 5’- GGA CAG AGC -3’

II. 5’- GGA CAG AGC -3’

III. 5’- AGG GAC CGA -3’

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which of the following macromolecules describe a typical enzyme?

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which of the following are correct percentages of bases in a sample of DNA?

Adenine Cytosine Guanine Thymine

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which nucleic acid carries genetic material coding for proteins?

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Mark Scheme Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Mark Scheme Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

A. Red blood cells

B. White blood cells

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which reaction converts monosaccharides into disaccharides?

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

C. The Calvin cycle

D. The electron transport chain

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which fluid acts as a coolant in the human body?

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

The diagram below shows the genetic code table.

A. 5’ - AUG GCC AAA AGG CCC AGU UAG - 3’

B. 5’ - UAG CCG AAA AGG CCC AGU AUG - 3’

C. 5’ - AAA CGG ATG ACC CTC AGT TAC - 3’

D. 5’ - TAC AGT CTC ACC ATG CGG AAA - 3’

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

What is the substrate for the enzyme lactase?

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

[© Revision Village 2022. Created with Chemix (https://chemix.org)]

A. Placing the tube containing Elodea in a water bath.

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which of the following is not soluble in water?

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which of the following proteins is a hormone?

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which is the correctly annotated diagram of a molecule of water?

Mark Scheme Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

What are the products of the hydrolysis of ATP?

A. Pyruvate and energy

B. ADP, inorganic phosphate and energy

C. ATP and water

D. Oxygen, hydrogen, phosphorus, carbon and nitrogen

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

C. Specific heat capacity

D. High boiling point

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which diagram represents a cis fatty acid?

[ © Revision Village 2022]

Mark Scheme Solutions Revisit Mark complete Ask Newton

Which of the following statements is false regarding translation?