The Mighty Multiples - 1

1 The multiples of a number are obtained by multiplying the number with different positive integers.

Example: The multiples of 10 are -

10 × 1 = 10
10 × 2 = 20
10 × 3 = 30
And so on…

2 Smallest multiple of a number is the number itself.

Example: 10 is the smallest multiple of 10 because 10 × 1 = 10.

3 Factors of a number are those integers that completely divide the number, i.e., the division of the number with its factor yields no remainder.

Example: The factors of 10 are -

• 1, since 10÷1 = 10
• 2, since 10÷2 = 5
• 5, since 10÷5 = 2
• 10, since 10÷10 = 1
10 has no other factors.
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The Mighty Multiples - 2

4 Smallest factor or divisor of a number is 1.

1 is the smallest factor of every positive integer.

5 Largest factor or divisor of a number is the number itself.

Every number is the largest factor of itself.

6 If a is a multiple of b, then b is a factor of a.

Following are equivalent statements:

1. 10 is a multiple of 2.
2. 2 is a divisor of 10.
3. 2 is a factor of 10.
4. 10 is divisible by 2.

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The Mighty Multiples - 3

7 Observe the terms to find common factors so that the computation can be simplified.

Example:
19 x 30 x 124 – 38 x 30 x 12
• 19 is a factor of 19 and 38.
• 30 exists in both terms.
• 4 is the factor of both 124 and 12.

19 x 30 x 4 (31 – 2 x 3)
= 19 x 30 x 4 (25)
= 570 x 100
= 57,000

A complex computation has been extensively simplified by drawing these observations.

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