21st Century Literature - Also, Western cultures usually read from left to right,
- Prepared by Cherrie Pearl A. Poking while Japanese manga goes from right to left.
21st Century Literary Genres
A. What is GENRE?
- It is a French word.
- It is Pronounced as: /ˈZHänrə/
- It means Style or type
B. Literary Genres
1. Flash Fiction
- Flash fiction is a short written creative piece usually
consisting of a few hundred words.
- This genre is perfect for those who enjoy concise,
thought-provoking tales that can be read in a single
sitting.
Examples: “The Unlucky Winners” by Nicky Johnston,
“Angels and Blueberries” by Tara Campbell, “As the
North Wind Howled” by Yu Hua
2. Graphic Fiction
- a creative piece written in comic form.
- This can be read in one sitting or not.
- It has 2 common types:
a) Comics Strips
- Comic strips are typically short, serialized strips
containing a few panels, often arranged horizontally.
- They are commonly found in newspapers,
magazines, and online publications.
- rely on simple, straightforward storytelling and are
designed to be easily digestible for readers.
- are often targeted at a general audience, with
content ranging from family-friendly humor to
political satire or social commentary.
- Comic strips are usually created by a single
cartoonist or creative team, who may work on a daily
or weekly basis to produce new strips for
publication.
Examples: Calvin and Hobbes, Peanuts, Dilbert, Garfield
b) Comic Books
- are longer-form publications that can range from a
single issue of around 20-30 pages to collected
editions or graphic novels containing multiple issues
or story arcs.
- are typically sold in comic book shops, bookstores, or
through digital platforms.
- have more room for complex narratives, character
development, and world-building.
- cater to a wide range of readers, including children,
teenagers, and adults.
- involve collaboration between writers, artists,
colorists, letterers, and editors. They are often
published on a monthly or bimonthly schedule, with
each issue representing a new installment in an
ongoing series or story arc.
Examples: X-men, Fantastic Four, Spider-man
3. Manga
- derived from two Japanese words that include
“man”, which means whimsical or entertaining, and
“ga”, which means pictures, images, or cartoons.
- A literature originated from Japan.
- Manga is very closely associated with Japanese
Example: Level 26, Ghost in the Machine
society and culture and includes different genres.
- Japanese manga is always black and white.
HISTORY:
- dates back as far as the 12th and 13th centuries.
- the manga concept only began to properly take
shape during the Edo era (1603 – 1867), when books
of drawings known as Toba Ehon were released.
- 18th century, manga’s popularity increased
- Hokusai, and Aikawa Minwa’s Manga Hyakujo
- Later, in 1876, Rakuten Kitazawa published his
works, and he was considered the first professional
cartoonist, who also first coined the term “manga”.
- censoring artists and closing many of their publishing
houses
Examples: Bleach, One Piece, One Punch Man, Hunter x
Hunter, Fairytale, Slam Dunk, Detective Conan
4. Text-talk Novel
- stories told through dialogues in a social network
- It can be in the form of text messages, e-mails,
instant messages, or blogs.
- Generally, it is the kind of literature written on cell
phones.
- The plots of this kind of literature are usually about
love and passion.
Example: My first but not my last
5. Doodle Fiction
HISTORY:
- Doodling has been around since the oldest cave
paintings 40,000 years ago.
- They use sticks and stones to write in cave.
- Communicate and tell a story (or as some may
argue, perform rituals).
- British military officers created a song entitled
“Yankee Doodle”.
- A song to mock the disorganized American soldiers.
(American fools)
- That’s how the word “doodle” emerged to convey
“simpleton” or “fool”.
DOODLE
- a picture or pattern that someone has drawn while
thinking about something else or when they are
bored.
- Novel-type piece wherein doodles are incorporated
as part of the story and the author uses it to add
some humor.
- The graphics were handwritten in a place of
traditional font.
- Doodle Fiction is more text-heavy than Manga and
Graphic Novels.
Examples: Diary of a Wimpy Kid, Slimy Space Slugs
6. Digi-fiction
- Triple Media Literature
- Combines three media: book, movie/video, and
internet website.
- To get the full story, students must engage in
navigation, reading, and viewing in all three forms.