Notes

SEPARATING TECHNIQUES

Filtration

The Property /Properties utilized : the property utilized by the technique/method are the particle
size or the solubility of

When is it used : Filtration is used to separate a liquid from a suspended or settled solid.

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

The part of the mixture trapped on filter paper is called the Residue.

The part of the mixture that passes through the filter paper is called the Filtrate.

Decanting

The Property /Properties utilized : the property utilized by the technique/method are the weight
particle or the solubility of a solid

When is it used : Decanting is used to separate a liquid from a suspended or settled solid.

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

The part of the mixture left behind in the container is called the – .

The part of the mixture that is poured out called the – .

Separating Funnel

The Property /Properties utilized : is the differences in the densities

When is it used : Separating funnel is used to separate and retain two immiscible liquids .

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

The part of the mixture left behind in the evaporation basin container is called the – .

The part of the mixture that is poured out called the – .

Sublimation

The Property /Properties utilized : is the sublimation point of a solid solute.

 Notes

When is it used : Sublimation is used to separate and retain the solids in a two solid mixture if the
solids do not decompose on heat .

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

The part of the mixture left is called the – .

The part of the mixture that called the – .

Chromatography

The Property /Properties utilized : is the solubility of solutes in a solvent.

When is it used : Chromatography is used to separate and retain several solutes that are dissolved
in a solvent.

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

The part of the mixture is called the – .

The part of the mixture called the – .

Evaporation

The Property /Properties utilized : is the solubility of a solid

When is it used : Evaporating is used to separate and retain the solid solute from a solution if the
solute does not decompose on heat or contain water of crystallization.

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

The part of the mixture left behind in the evaporation basin container is called the – .

The part of the mixture that is poured out called the – .

Crystallization

The Property /Properties utilized : the weight of the particle or the solubility of a solid solute.

When is it used : – Crystallization is used to separate and retain the solid solute from a solution
especially if the solid contains water of crystallization.

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

 Notes

The part of the mixture left in evaporation basin .

The part of the mixture that is called the .

Simple Distillation

The Property /Properties utilized : is the large difference in the temperatures between the
solvent and solute in the solution.

When is it used :

Distillation is used to separate and retain a liquid solvent from a solution.

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

The part of the mixture that condensed and collected is called the distillate.

The part of the mixture is called the .

Fractional Distillation

The Property /Properties utilized : is the small difference in the boiling temperatures – (boiling
points b. p.).

When is it used :

Fractional Distillation is used to separate and retain two miscible liquids.

Separated Parts of the Mixture :

The part of the mixture that is condensed and collected is called the distillate.

The part of the mixture is called the .