8th IEEE International Conference and Workshops on Recent Advances and Innovations in Engineering- ICRAIE 2023
(IEEE Record #59459)
Found It! Object Tracker Mobile Application
2023 IEEE 8th International Conference on Recent Advances and Innovations in Engineering (ICRAIE) | 979-8-3503-1551-6/23/$31.00 ©2023 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICRAIE59459.2023.10468161
Nasrul Arsyad Hamidi Azhar Abdul Aziz
College of Computing, Informatics and College of Computing, Informatics and
Mathematics Mathematics
Universiti Teknologi Mara Universiti Teknologi Mara
Shah Alam, Malaysia Shah Alam, Malaysia
2020615396@student.uitm.edu.my azhar@tmsk.uitm.edu.my
Anitawati Mohd Lokman
College of Computing, Informatics and
Mathematics
Universiti Teknologi Mara
Shah Alam, Malaysia
anita.uitm@gmail.com
Abstract— Losing items is a frequent problem that many people
deal with on a daily basis. It can cause annoyance, wasted time,
and perhaps even financial loss. The stress and difficulty of
trying to find lost items, whether they be phones, keys, or other
valuables, can interfere with our daily routines and cause
needlessly high levels of anxiety. This challenge may be
especially difficult for those who struggle to keep track of their
belongings due to cognitive impairments or disabilities. Thus,
this project is used to help people to find their missing item by
attaching the item with the Found It! Object Tracker Tag. The
mobile application can be used to track the misplaced item by
showing the distance of the tag and mobile phone. The
application can share the tag location to family members and
friends through Telegram. This application also has crowd
finding features where the user can view people lost tag and they
also can share their lost tag location. They will need to share
their number phone and message for people to contact when
they find it. In this research study, the System Usability Scale
(SUS), a methodology that comprises of 10 questions about the
program's usefulness, will be utilized to evaluate the usability of
the Found It! Mobile App for Object Tracking.
Keywords— BLE, IoT, misplaced item, mobile application,
object tracking
I. INTRODUCTION
Valuable objects are items that are considered to have a
significant monetary or sentimental value. Jewellery, watches,
pricey electronics, collectibles, antiques, and family
mementos are a few examples of valuable items. Items like
wallets, keys, phones, and glasses are regarded daily
essentials and are used on a regular basis. People frequently
keep these with them at all times and depend on them heavily
throughout the day. The frequent occurrence of losing those
items can be stressful, time-consuming, and disturbing to
daily life. Keys, wallets, and smartphones are common items
that get lost, which is frustrating and inconvenient. Not
surprisingly, more than 45% of us misplace our TV remote
controllers at least once a week, and 71% of us do so on a
monthly basis, making them by far the most often misplaced
item in the Pixie survey. Next come phones (33%) followed
by home and car keys (28%), glasses (27%), shoes (24%),
wallets and purses (20%). This indicates that at least one in
five Americans lose something significant each week in
America [1]. The current method for finding lost objects is
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Afiza Ismail
College of Computing, Informatics and
Mathematics
Universiti Teknologi Mara
Shah Alam, Malaysia
fiza@tmsk.uitm.edu.my
frequently cumbersome and ineffective. To look for a missing
object, people might have to manually search a number of
places, go back over their steps loads of times, and rely on
recollection.
This problem of misplaced item can have impact on people
that will affect their life. This paper provides the solution for
this problem which is Found It! Mobile Application that can
help them to track misplaced item. The mobile application
provides the main features to track misplaced item by
showing the range of Found It! Tag to the mobile application.
Some other extra features are family sharing tag location that
will share the location to family member through Telegram
and crowd finding missing tag for upload and report people
if they found another user tag. The targeted stakeholder for
this application will be user who are likely to lost item.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
The unintentional loss or misplacement of things or items
is referred to as item misplacement. It can happen in a variety
of settings, including homes, workplaces, public transit,
airports, and shopping centres. The difficulty or expense of
replacing valuable items or essential documents makes this
problem all the more problematic. There are many factors that
can affect misplaced item such as aging that will affect
memory recall, stress and estrogen hormones, medical
conditions and sleep quality of the person [2]-[6]. The most
frequently misplaced things, on average nine each week, are
mobile phones, car keys, and sunglasses [7]. The misplaced
item can have impact to the person such as loss of
productivity, emotion and financial loss.
Technology used to monitor and locate people or objects
is referred to as tracking technology. Nowadays, the tracking
technology have been innovated to the next level compared
to before. There are many types of tracking technology such
as GPS, RFID, Bluetooth, QR codes and others. Every
technology has their limitation such as GPS signal cannot
penetrated wall that are thick, electromagnetic and the
interference of electromagnetic can cause the malfunctioning
of RFID tags and NFC signal or frequency can only work in
short range compare to Bluetooth [8]-[9]. BLE or Bluetooth
4.0 are basically an advancement of Bluetooth previous
versions that give more higher data rates, longer ranges and
lower power consumption. The Bluetooth tracker will pair
with a device and the communication on both of them create
a connection for tracking an object.
Mobile application is a software application that a run-on
mobile device such as smartphones and tablets. A mobile
application can be preinstalled on device, download from app
store or even download trough internet browser. Java, Swift,
C#, and HTML5 are some of the programming and markup
languages employed in this form of software development.
The combination of media, information technology, the
Internet, and cutting-edge technologies has given rise to
mobile applications [10]. There are three types of mobile
application which is native application, web application and
hybrid application. Native applications are referring to an
application that are built and installed on a particular platform
such as iOS or Android [11]. Web applications are more
likely a website that offer the appearance and functionality of
real responsive website [12]. The hybrid application can
operate on devices with many OSs and are created using web
technologies such as HTML, Javascript, and CSS. In this
project it will use the native mobile application.
III. METHOD
The methodology for creating the Found It! Object Tracker
Mobile Application is the Mobile Software Development
Lifecycle (MSDLC). This approach is chosen by developers
for effective planning and delivering high-quality software
solutions. MSDLC comprises five phases: inception, design,
development, stabilization, and deployment (excluding for
this project). It mirrors the Software Development Lifecycle
(SDLC) used for online or desktop applications.
Fig. 1 Mobile Software Development Lifecycle (MSDLC) phase
1) Inception
The inception phase of the Mobile Software
Development Lifecycle (MSDLC) involves defining and
refining the idea for a mobile application. This phase aims to
identify the system requirements for the Found It! Object
Tracker Mobile Application. Problems are identified through
literature reviews from sources like Google Scholar, ACM,
and EBSCO, and solutions are formulated based on these
problems. The project's objectives, scope, and significance
are established, followed by the compilation of software and
hardware lists, achieved through techniques like literature
review, observation, and system reviews. Tools such as
Google Scholar, Google, ACM, EBSCO, and Google Play
Store are utilized. Specific hardware and software tools like
BLE module Seeed Studio XIAO nRF52840, Arduino IDE,
Android Studio, Google Firebase, and Google Cloud Console
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are selected. The inception phase also involves creating a
project plan schedule, often using tools like Microsoft Excel
to develop a Gantt Chart for effective planning.
2) Design
The design phase involves shaping the User Experience
(UX) and creating an effective User Interface (UI) design for
the app. This begins with storyboarding on platforms like
storyboardthat.com, followed by wireframing using
Goodnotes on an iPad. System features are outlined,
including both functional and non-functional requirements
through requirement analysis. Interaction flow is established
via flowcharts, use case diagrams, and sequence diagrams
using Draw.io. The database is designed using Draw.io,
employing a entity relationship diagram (ERD). For
hardware aspects, circuit diagrams and object tracker
prototypes are developed, utilizing tools like Circuit.io for
circuit design.
3) Development
The development phase involves creating working
prototypes to validate functionality and project scope.
Starting with UI development in Android Studio using
wireframes as a reference, the phase also includes creating a
mySQL database and utilizing Google Firebase for data
storage and authentication. Integration of the application is a
critical step, involving coding for interaction. Android Studio
and Arduino IDE are used for programming.
4) Stabilization
The stabilization phase marks the application's stable state
with ongoing QA testing and bug fixes. A limited beta phase
involves user input for improvements. Found It! Object
Tracker Mobile app is demonstrated and enhanced. System
testing and mobile app debugging are initial activities.
Usability testing, using the System Usability Scale (SUS),
gathers user feedback. Design and development iterations
occur based on this feedback, enhancing the app's design and
resolving errors.
IV. RESULT
The Found It! Object Tracker mobile application will
implement both functional and non-functional system
requirements, which are commonly referred to as system
requirement. Table I and Table II shown the function
requirement and non-functional requirement for Found It!
object tracker mobile application respectively.
TABLE I
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOUND IT! APPS
Functional Description
Requirement
Authentication Before using the Found It! mobile
application, user need to register or login
first.
View Profile User can view their profile details such as
email, full name and password
 Track misplaced User can find misplaced item by track tag BLE device will turn on and start advertising to make a
item using the application via Bluetooth connection between the Found It! Mobile Application. After
connection the connection are made, the mobile application will read the
Share tag location Location coordinate of tag can be share to Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI).
to family family or friends via Telegram
Crowd finding Add new marker location of missing tag
missing tag to other user so if the found it, they can
contract through number phone. The user
also can delete the marker location if they
want to.

TABLE II
NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOUND IT! APPS
Non-Functional Description
Requirement
Platform The Found It! Object Tracker mobile
compatibility application will only be available on Fig. 4 Circuit Sketch for Found It! System
Android platform
Fig. 4 show the circuit sketch of IoT components that are
Performance and The application responds to how the user
responsiveness interacts with it and displays the used in Found It! system. Seeed Studio Xiao Nrf52840 are
appropriate output. used as the BLE device to send and receive data transmission
Security User must log in first before using the from mobile application. The battery 4000mAh 3.7V used as
application power supply. In this circuit also have LED light to indicate
Consistency The design of the user interface of Found the BLE device are turn on.
It ! Object Tracker mobile application are
consistent.

Found It! Object Tracker Mobile Application will have all

the features here which is authentication, track misplaced
item, light, geolocation, family sharing location and crowd
finding that will differ this application compared to existing
application as shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 Comparison of Features between Existing Application

Fig. 5 Flowchart 1: Found It! Mobile Application

Fig. 3 IoT Devices Architecture Diagram

Fig. 3 shows Found It! IoT devices which is Seeed Studio

Xiao nRF52840, LED red and battery lithium 4000mAh. The

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Fig. 6 Flowchart 2: Found It! Mobile Application
Fig. 7 Flowchart Found It! System
Fig. 5 and 6 are flowcharts of Found It! Mobile
Application while Fig. 7 is the flowchart for Found It! System.
This is important because flowchart is used to show how the
mobile application and system will works.
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Fig. 8 Low Fidelity User Interface Found It! Mobile Application
Fig. 8 show the Found It! Object Tracker Mobile
Application low fidelity user interface that draw by
Goodnotes.The sketches are used to show the simple design
before it will be the high fidelity prototype.
Fig. 9 Share Tag to Family Location Page
In this Fig. 9, user can share their tag location family and
friend through Telegram. When the user clicks on “Share
Location” button, it will open Telegram and provide the Tag
location to be send to family and friends. They can use the
Google Maps to know the location given.
Fig. 10 View Available Tag Page and Track Tag Page
In this page, user can see the available tag that are near with
the mobile phone. After the user click on the tag, it will direct
to the new activity to track the tag. User can click on “track”
button to track tag by provide the distance of the tag base on
the RSSI of the Found It! tag. They also can click on “stop
track” to stop the activity that show the distance of the tag.
 Fig. 13 shown above is a page where user can view their
personal information that are stored in the database. The
profile page shows the full name of user, their email, and their
password. In this page, user can logout using logout button
provided in this page with confirmation of logout action.

Fig. 11 Missing Tag Page

Fig. 11 shown above is a lost page where users can see

markers on the map indicating missing items uploaded by
other users. Each marker includes a description and contact
phone number for contact. Users can upload new missing
item details and delete their uploaded markers, with a
confirmation popup for deletion. Fig. 14 Found It! IoT System

Fig. 14 illustrates the setup of the Found It! tag, comprising

Seeed Studio Xiao nRF52840, LED, and battery. The battery
powers both the Xiao nRF52840 and the LED, with the LED
blinking to signal system activation. The Xiao nRF52840 acts
as a BLE device, advertising data for mobile app visibility.

The System Usability Scale (SUS), a technique that

consists of 10 questions about the utility of the programme,
will be used in this research study to assess the usability of
the Found It! Object Tracker Mobile Application. The eight
adults who participated in the application testing will
participate in SUS after the testing is complete. Table I shows
below the usability testing score.

TABLE III
Fig. 12 Add New Missing Tag Page USABILITY TESTING SCORE

The "Add Missing Tag" page allows users to upload new

Respondent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
missing item locations in the Found It! app's database. Users Task
can select the lost location, provide a contact phone number,
and add a message. Once submitted, the app displays the new 1 5 5 5 3 4 5 3 5
marker on the "Missing Tag" map. 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 4
3 5 5 5 5 4 4 3 5
4 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 2
5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5
6 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 1
7 5 4 5 5 5 5 4 5
8 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2
9 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 5
10 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 1
X = (Sum of 20 19 20 18 16 19 14 20
odd) - 5
Y = 25 – 17 18 17 15 16 18 14 15
(Sum-
Even)
SUS 92.5 92.5 92.5 82.5 80 92.5 70 87.5
SCORE

TABLE IV
GENERAL GUIDELINE SUS INTERPRETATION
Fig. 13 Profile page

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 SUS Score Grade Adjective Rating S Evina (2023, January 30). Indoor GPS | Alternatives to GPS inside building.
>80.3 A Excellent https://navigine.com/blog/why-is-gps-ineffective-inside-buildings/
Ullah, A. (2018). IoT: Applications of RFID and Issues. International
68 – 80.3 B Good Journal of Internet of Things and Web Services, 3, 1–5.
68 C Ok Phongtraychack, A., & Dolgaya, D. (2018). Evolution of Mobile
51 - 68 D Poor Applications. MATEC Web of Conferences, 155, 1–7.
<51 E Awful https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815501027
C. G., T., & Devi, A. J. (2021). A Study and Overview of the Mobile App
Development Industry. International Journal of Applied Engineering
From Table III, we can calculate the average of the SUS and Management Letters, 5(1), 115–130.
score and the calculation that I got is 86.25. In conclusion, https://doi.org/10.47992/ijaeml.2581.7000.0097
from the SUS score show that the project is Excellent project R Dinakar. (2021, July 9). Types of Mobile Apps: Native, Hybrid, and Web
since it higher than 80.3. Apps - pCloudy. https://www.pcloudy.com/blogs/types-of-mobile-
apps-native-hybrid-web-and-progressive-web-apps/
V. CONCLUSIONS
Found It! Object Tracker Mobile Application is an
application to help people that are likely to lose their item to
be found easily. This mobile application will save them and
reduce their stress to find misplaced items, increase
productivity and reduce the cost of missing items to be
replaced. By using the BLE technology, it will reduce the
power consumption and make it last longer compared to
traditional Bluetooth technology and another tracking
method technology.

However, this application still has many things that can be

improved. Some of the recommended and future works of this
application will be expand the application to multi-platform
since this application only support on Android. This
application also can add directions for people to easily direct
to the tag location. The size of the battery also can be
minimized to be smaller. Found It! Object Mobile
Application can go beyond if this feature work can be done.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work is supported by Research Management Centre
of Universiti Teknologi MARA and Ministry of Higher
Education Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant
Scheme (Project code: 600-RMC/GPM ST 5/3 (028/2021)).

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