FSCS and FAP Introduction

The Firefighter’s Smoke Control Station (FSCS) is a custom-designed control and display panel tailored for each specific project. The
FSCS panel provides the ability to observe the current state of all of the equipment in the smoke control system. The panel allows
authorized users to override the On/Off or Open/Closed state of the system equipment. The FSCS design is unique to each project with
its objective being to present a graphic presentation of the location and function of the various system elements. LED indicators are
positioned on or next to equipment images and illuminate to show the current equipment state. A fault LED illuminates if the equipment
fails to achieve the state directed by the automated smoke response or the override from the FSCS panel. Switches positioned on the
panel next to the applicable equipment images are used to override the current state (such as open or close a damper, or direct a fan to
run or stop).

Sample FSCS Panel

The FSCS panel provides full monitoring and manual control of all smoke control equipment at a facility. In the event of an emergency,
the fire department uses the FSCS panel to override the smoke control system.

The FSCS should present a building and equipment diagram that clearly indicates the type and location of all smoke control equipment
and the areas served by the equipment, known as smoke control zones. Since the FSCS uses a graphical depiction of the building,
each one is unique and is custom-manufactured for the target building project. The FSCS should show major ducts, the direction of air
flow and how the ducts are connected together with the equipment used in the smoke control system. If the graphic is too large to fit on
a single panel, you may use multiple panels.

The panel should provide a positive status indication (ON and OFF) individually or by zone for all dedicated smoke system fans. It
should also provide a status indication for all nondedicated fans used for smoke control that have a capacity in excess of 2000 CFM.

The FSCS panels approved for use with the EcoStruxure BMS smoke control system are manufactured by Automation Displays, Inc.
For more information, see FSCS Basics .

Fire Alarm Panel

During normal smoke control system operation, the FSCS controls are inactive and the non-dedicated equipment follows the HVAC
system direction for comfort control. The dedicated equipment is also held in the idle/off condition. One of the primary, smoke control
system functions is to provide an automated response to a fire. The facility's Fire Alarm Panel (FAP) provides the smoke control system
with a signal when an alarm is activated.

The smoke control system should be configured to provide an automated control response to the initial alarm from the FAP. The FAP
used with the smoke control system must be UL 864 listed. There are two authorized methods for connecting the FAP to the smoke
control system.

 Hardwire FAP Alarm contact outputs to the EcoStruxure BMS for Building Operation inputs
 Communicate with the FAP via the BACnet/IP protocol interface

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 Smoke Control Operational Overview
The HVAC system manages the operation of the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) equipment serving the controlled
spaces within a facility.

Normal Operations
Normal HVAC control calls for the management and modulation of the temperature and humidity within the conditioned/occupied
building space and is one of the important aspects of conditioning for human comfort. Heat and moisture must be supplied to (or
removed from) the air of a building to maintain the desired conditions. Normally, this involves providing an air stream at a higher or
lower temperature and humidity than that of the space to the degree needed to balance the heat and moisture loads in the conditioned
space.

The HVAC control system manages the operation of the HVAC equipment serving the controlled spaces within the facility. This
equipment includes a broad assortment of elements ranging from large Chillers, Boilers and Air Handling Units to smaller Roof-Top-
Units and Variable Air Volume Boxes and assorted dampers and fans. While this equipment is normally controlled with the specific
purpose of maintaining desired comfort levels in the various areas of the facility, many of these devices serve a dual purpose when
exposed to emergency conditions.

Smoke Control is considered an emergency condition which can take advantage of the existing HVAC equipment to create barriers to
the undesired migration of smoke when a fire emergency exists in a facility. In addition to performing containment functions, the HVAC
equipment also serves to facilitate movement (exhausting) of smoke from the affected areas with the goal of maintaining a tenable
environment within the defined escape routes such as stairwells and spaces adjacent to the affected fire areas. This maintenance of a
tenable space in proximity to the affected areas also serves to help in fighting the fire in the affected areas and reduces smoke damage
in other areas of the facility.

FAP- Alarm Reception

An HVAC system designed for non-dedicated smoke control will perform normal comfort and time scheduled control until an alarm
situation is detected and/or an FSCS override is activated. The Fire Alarm Panel (FAP) will provide the HVAC/Smoke Control system
with an indication of an alarm condition when it detects fire or smoke in a particular area/zone in the facility.

The smoke control system will receive the alarm indication through one of two avenues:

1) Using discrete contact outputs from the FAP directly wired to the discrete inputs on the Smoke Control, I/O modules or the controllers
in the MS/TP family described here. The SmartStruxure Solution smoke control system can interface with any UL 864 Listed Fire Alarm
Panel providing zoned alarm contact outputs.

2) Using a BACnet/IP protocol interface between the FAP and Smoke Control Servers assigned to provide FAP interface and alarm
management functions. This FAP alarm management may frequently be combined in the same Smoke Control Servers managing the
FSCS panel. In such arrangements, all automated smoke control functions (alarm initiated) and manual override (FSCS initiated) are
originating from a common controller. The SmartStruxure smoke control system can interface with any UL 864 Listed Fire Alarm Panel
that includes a BACnet/IP interface within the scope of the listing.

An example FAP with a UL 864 Listed BACnet interface is the Simplex BACpac Ethernet Portal modules- Models 4100-6069 or 4010-
9915 used with their Listed compatible fire alarm control panels (currently listed as 4100ES, 4100U, 4010ES and legacy 4100/4100+
and 4120 Series). The Smoke Control Server assigned as the FAP controller managing the BACnet/IP interface will continuously
monitor the status information provided by the FAP and the detection of the first active alarm signal will be processed as defined in the
paragraphs that follow.

Both contact and protocol interface methods produce the same basic function of providing the HVAC smoke control application with the
indication of an alarm. The FAP contact inputs, or protocol defined alarm signals are each interpreted and assigned a zone number.
The zone numbers will correlate with the defined smoke/fire zones created by the arrangement of HVAC equipment and applications,
coupled with the design of smoke barrier components and dedicated system equipment.

The FAP controller monitors the incoming alarm information and will initiate the appropriate alarm response based on the zone
indicating an alarm. Typically, this will include activation of exhaust equipment/applications in the alarming smoke zone and the
presssurization of surrounding zones along with activation of the pressurization of escape corridors such as stairwells.

In larger facilities, the serial protocol interface provides a more efficient means of access to signal information from the larger number of
alarm zones. The BACnet/IP interface also provides supervision of the communications to the FAP interface. This supervision takes
place during normal and alarm conditions and provides immediate indication of fault conditions on the FSCS panel when a problem is
detected. For more information, see the FAP protocol interface discussion that follow.

In smaller facilities, it may be more efficient to use one (or more) of the MS/TP controllers or I/O modules to receive the contact closure
alarm indications from the FAP.

IMPORTANT:
The contact interface is not supervised and the FAP contact to controller/module interface must be run in conduit for a length less than
20 feet. For more information, see the section that follows on FAP contact interfaces.

The configuration of the FAP zone alarm contact connections and/or the programming in the Smoke Control Server must be arranged
to exclude or ignore zone alarms originating from a manual pull-box. If the FAP zone alarm signals are received via the BACnet/IP
protocol interface, then the Smoke Control Server program should ignore pull-box initiated alarms. The pull-box alarm signals are

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excluded because of the high probability that the pull-box alarms are being initiated by persons observing fire and/or smoke in other
areas of the building. Such an alarm signal would produce an inappropriate response from the smoke control system.

A control system response to a pull-box alarm from a zone outside the fire/smoke area could aggravate the smoke/fire situation. The
only exception is where the only automated response is the pressurization of stairwells or other escape corridors regardless of where
the smoke/fire is detected. In that case, the activation of the common response from a pull-box would be acceptable.

When the Smoke Control Server managing the FAP receives a fire/smoke zone alarm via contact or protocol, the Smoke Control Server
will activate the initial Automated Response to the smoke control system based on the first received alarm.

Automated Response
The smoke control system will initiate an automatic response to the FIRST alarm originating from the FAP. Typically, the automated
response will attempt to contain and exhaust the fire/smoke zone. For more information, see Fundamentals of Smoke Control .

The smoke control system should be designed to provide an automated response (within a single building) to the first zone alarm.
Subsequent alarms may be produced by the FAP due to smoke migration from the original area/zone, or the spread of fire in the facility.
Typically, the smoke control system will be programmed to ignore alarm signals after the first alarm. The automated smoke response
will be latched into effect based on the first alarm zone and stay active until the alarm has been reset by the FAP system. Depending on
the special building and equipment circumstances, the local AHJ may approve alternate schemes such as a continued automated
response to additional zone alarms.

The system designer will define the response for each possible smoke zone alarm based on the objective of containing the smoke and
limited by the available HVAC equipment, dedicated equipment applicable to the situation and physical space segmentation (zoning) of
the facility. The smoke response algorithms will typically be configured to pressurize adjacent zones (above, below and to the side) to
the zone producing the alarm and will exhaust the air from the alarming zone. The system may also pressurize areas such as stairwells
and other areas of the building.

The smoke control Automated Response takes priority over any and all normal modes of operation associated with the equipment
called upon to affect the pressurize and exhaust functions. Regardless of current comfort levels and associated setpoints which the
HVAC equipment is attempting to achieve or maintain, the controller applications associated with smoke control will accept their alarm
response direction from the Smoke Control Server managing the FAP and hold the equipment in the specified automated response
condition until the following events occur:

 The alarm zone signal is extinguished, typically by the acknowledge and reset actions on the FAP. The first alarm response is
latched by the FAP interface controller, or Smoke Control Server, and will hold the alarm response until the zone alarm signal
deactivates. If the initial/latched alarm signal extinguishes, but other alarm signals are still active, the system will typically be
configured to transition the automated response to an operating condition applicable to the next active zone alarm signal starting
from zone 1 in numeric order.

Or

 The current automated alarm response is overridden by manual override direction (commands) originating from the Firefighters
Smoke Control Station (FSCS). Override control direction from the FSCS panel must be configured to have the highest priority
and will override normal and automated response operation.

FSCS Overrides
A smoke control system compliant with the UL UUKL system listing will include an FSCS. As the name implies, the FSCS panel
provides the firemen arriving at a facility with a means to override the current state of selected, non-dedicated HVAC and dedicated
smoke control equipment. After the initial automated response, this assists the firemen with override control of equipment containing
and exhausting smoke from the facility. For more information, see FSCS Basics .

Typically, the FSCS consists of a wall-mounted panel providing a graphical presentation of the building and the equipment which is
monitored and controlled from that panel. The FSCS provides indicators showing the current state of the equipment used for smoke
control, in addition to providing switches that the fireman can use to override the current state.

Control directions to the equipment from the FSCS panel take top priority over normal environmental control and also over the
automated initial alarm response. Although the automated FAP response may have been the correct response at the time of the alarm,
the situation can vary and the firemen in the facility will use the FSCS to further refine the use of non-dedicated HVAC equipment and
dedicated equipment to manage the smoke situation and facilitate the evacuation of the facility and fighting of the fire.

For the HVAC equipment, the normal position for the FSCS override switches is the automatic position. The HVAC equipment will follow
the automatic comfort controls from the normal HVAC control applications. When a switch is taken out of the normal/automatic position,
it will be moved to the ON or OFF position such as fans, or OPEN and CLOSE for dampers. When the switch is moved from the auto
position, the Automation Server or AS-P managing the FSCS will send an override command to the associated controller(s). The
individual controller(s) managing the overridden equipment will direct the equipment to the requested state regardless of normal
environmental control strategies. If the FSCS switch is changed, the system will again direct the equipment to the requested override
state.

If the equipment override switch on the FSCS is returned to the Normal or Auto position, then the control of the equipment will return to
the normal environmental control applications. An exception to this occurs if the equipment is associated with a currently latched
automated response algorithm that has not yet been cleared (Reset). When the FSCS is used to override equipment currently
controlled by an automated FAP response, the equipment will return the associated, automated response state when the FSCS
override switch is returned to the Auto position.

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Equipment Trouble
In addition to providing override control of the selected HVAC equipment in the facility, the FSCS panel must also provide indications for
the detection of equipment trouble conditions. Equipment trouble represents the failure of the overridden equipment to reach the
override state or condition as sensed by the managing controller using various methods for proofing the state of the equipment.

Master Equipment Trouble Indicator

At a minimum, the FSCS must provide a Master Equipment Trouble (or Equipment Fault) indicator. This master trouble indication will
illuminate (and sound audible) when the proofing status from any of the supervised pieces of equipment indicates a trouble/fault
condition. Providing an individual trouble indicator for each of the equipment items controlled from the FSCS is a preferred option, but it
is not required for UUKL compliance. Omitting individual trouble indications does not relieve the requirement for the FSCS to provide
individual indications of equipment status such as ON, OFF, Open, Closed, etc.

The equipment trouble indications serve to warn the FSCS operator when the equipment responding to smoke control commands (FAP
or FSCS) has failed to respond as directed. This allows the FSCS operator to judge the potential need to make further equipment
overrides or institute alternate responses to compensate for potential equipment failures. Obviously, the indication of individual
equipment faults presents much better visibility into the current operation of the equipment and areas where alternate override control
may be applicable.

NOTE:
Regardless of whether or not individual, trouble indications are provided on the equipment, the NFPA guidelines require that a summary
indication be provided. The summary indicator must be programmed to illuminate when trouble is detected on any individual pieces of
equipment.

Communications Supervision
Communications are required between all controllers participating in the smoke control application. A loss of communications will
prompt a failure of some portion of the smoke control system. The smoke control system must be configured and programmed to
continuously monitor the integrity on all communications paths required for the smoke application. This requires that each of the
communications paths be supervised. The supervision on the MS/TP RS-485 busses should be performed by the Smoke Control
Server managing the bus.

All of the Smoke Control Servers will supervise the communications to all connected MS/TP controllers (b3 or MNB series) that are
participating in smoke control applications. The Smoke Control Server programming must create a variable which indicates when any
supervised MS/TP controllers have failed to deliver their supervision heartbeat for the defined timeout period. Upon detecting a failure
to receive the MS/TP heartbeat, the Smoke Control Server program must indicate the fault in the supervision status information that is
continuously being sent to the Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS (under a BACnet COV subscription).

That FSCS Smoke Control Server application program will at a minimum provide a summary LED and audible indication on the FSCS
when any controller on any bus in the smoke control system is reported with a communications fault.

NOTE:

All communications channels used for the smoke control applications are designated as UL 864 Class C pathways. The operational
capability is continuously verified via end-to-end communication. Loss of communications shall result in annunciation of a trouble signal
on the FSCS.
The individual Smoke Control Servers in the smoke control system may be configured with I/O modules. For any I/O modules
participating in the smoke control system, the Smoke Control Servers must supervise the integrity of the communications to the I/O
modules and report the I/O module communications status to the Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS for reporting as described
previously.

If the system is using a BACnet/IP interface to the Fire Alarm Panel (FAP), the Smoke Control Server managing that interface must
supervise the integrity of the BACnet/IP channel and continuously report the status of the FAP communications to the Smoke Control
Server managing the FSCS

NOTE:

The Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS can be the same FSCS used to provide the BACnet/IP management. That is the
recommended configuration when using BACnet/IP.
The Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS is also responsible for supervising the Ethernet network communications to all other
Smoke Control Servers that are part of the smoke control system. The Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS should be
programmed to monitor heartbeat signals from the supervised Smoke Control Servers. The FSCS Smoke Control Server must be
programmed to activate the communications fault LED and the audible horn if it detects a communications problem to the other Smoke
Control Servers, or it receives signals from the remote Smoke Control Servers indicating a fault on the MS/TP field controllers or I/O
modules.

This communications fault LED is a summary indication and a minimum requirement showing that a fault exists at some place in the
system beyond the Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS. Optionally, other LEDs can be supplied showing more detail on the
location of the fault or the type of controllers producing the fault. Separate communications and equipment trouble indicators facilitate a
better understanding of the necessary corrective action and interpretation of the other indicators provided on the FSCS.

The FSCS panel itself must be programmed (by ADI in the Z-Card) to supervise the communications on the Modbus RS-485 channel to
the Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS. The processor in the FSCS is acting as the Modbus master and is managing the
Modbus communications channel to the Smoke Control Servers. If the Z-Card detects a fault in the RS-485 Modbus communications,

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the Z-Card will activate a fault LED and horn. It is recommended that a separate LED be used to specify an FSCS communications
fault, such as in the example system. For more information, see SmartStruxure Solution .

If this LED is active, it means that the fault is at the top of the reporting tree (at the FSCS) and that all the information on the FSCS
cannot be trusted.

Refer to this topic for further discussion on communications supervision and alert requirements. For more information, see FSCS
Basics .

Refer also to the discussion on using application programs to achieve communications supervision. For more information, see FSCS
Communication Status .

Dedicated and Non-Dedicated Systems

Smoke control systems are composed of dedicated sub-systems, non-dedicated sub-systems, or the more typical combination of both.

Dedicated Systems
A dedicated smoke control system or sub-system is intended only for smoke control. Such a system/subsystem provides separate
equipment for air-moving and/or distribution that do not function during normal building operating conditions. When an alarm or FSCS
override condition occurs, these systems operate specifically to perform a smoke control function.

The operation and control of dedicated systems tends to be simple and the modification of the controls during HVAC system
maintenance is less likely to occur. These dedicated systems are typically not affected by the modification of other building systems.

Dedicated systems tend to be more costly and component failures may go uncorrected since they do not affect normal building
operation such as comfort control. Often, they require more space in the facility.

To address the potential undetected failure of dedicated system components, it is necessary to provide periodic (typically weekly)
testing of the dedicated control system to confirm proper operation. This periodic testing must be part of the engineered smoke control
system.

Non-Dedicated Systems
Non-dedicated systems share equipment components with other facility systems such as the HVAC comfort system. The occurence of
a smoke alarm or FSCS override causes the system to change its normal operating mode to achieve the smoke control objectives.

Failures of equipment in non-dedicated systems are less likely to go unnoticed since the equipment is also used for normal, building
operation. System costs may be lower due to the shared use of the equipment and reduced space requirements.

Controlling a non-dedicated system may be a little more complex (as compared to a dedicated system) due to the combined normal and
smoke control application algorithms. Extra attention must be applied to ensure the smoke control application takes precedence over
normal HVAC applications.

NOTE:

Most buildings use a combination of dedicated (for example, stairwell pressurization) and non-dedicated sub-systems.

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 Fundamentals of Smoke Control
One of the most hazardous situations that can be faced in a building is smoke. While fires themselves are often damaging, it is smoke
that can cause the most injuries.

In order to protect a building’s occupants, as well as furnishings and equipment that may be damaged by smoke, a smoke control
system is needed. A smoke control system controls the flow of smoke in a building in the event of a fire. It keeps smoke from spreading
throughout the building and gives the building’s occupants a clear evacuation route, as well as preventing further damage to the
building’s interior.

Building Pressurization
The primary means of controlling smoke movement is by creating air pressure differences between smoke control zones. The basic
concept of building pressurization is to establish a higher pressure in adjacent spaces than in the smoke zone. In this way, air moves
into the smoke zone from the adjacent areas and smoke is prevented from dispersing throughout the building.

Dedicated and Non-Dedicated Systems

Smoke control systems are either dedicated or non-dedicated. A dedicated smoke control system is installed in a building for the sole
purpose of controlling smoke. It is a separate system of air moving and distribution equipment that does not function under normal
building operating conditions. Dedicated systems are used for special areas, such as elevator shafts and stair towers that require
special smoke control techniques.

Non-dedicated smoke control systems are systems that share components with some other systems such as the building automation
(HVAC) system. When activated, the system changes its mode of operation to achieve the smoke control objectives.

Fire Control Systems

The goal of a fire control system is to contain and extinguish the fire as fast as possible. Fire control systems halt the fire, but not the
smoke, and are often triggered automatically by the heat of the fire. These systems rely on a water supply, such as sprinklers, whereas
smoke control systems usually rely on electricity to run fans and dampers.

The smoke control system is usually separate from the fire control system because they have different goals. However, the smoke
control system should be designed to work with the fire control system and not interfere with its operation. For example, if the building
has a sprinkler system, then the smoke control system does not need to control a large quantity of smoke because the size of any fire
should be smaller.

Moreover, if a smoke control system is working with a gas-based fire extinguisher, certain actions must be taken. If the smoke control
system tried to vent a room with a gas-based fire extinguishing system, it would probably vent the smoke along with the fire suppressing
gas. Removing the gas lets the fire continue burning. Therefore, gas-based fire extinguishers and smoke control systems should not be
active at the same time in the same area.

Smoke control systems receive the location of the fire from the fire panel. The fire panel uses a combination of smoke and heat sensors
to determine where the fire is located. In the event that signals are received from more than one smoke zone, the smoke control system
should continue automatic operation in the mode determined by the first signal received.

Basic System Types

Building smoke control systems can generally be divided into two basic types: shaft protection and floor protection. Shaft protection
consists of stairwell pressurization systems and elevator hoistway systems. Floor protection involves several variations of zoned smoke
control. Use of a particular system or combination of systems is dependent on building and fire code requirements as well as specific
occupancy and life safety requirements of the situation being considered.

NOTE:

Recent trends have indicated areas of refuge are being designed into many buildings as dictated by the Americans for Disabilities Act
(ADA). Specifications may refer to these areas of refuge which are typically located adjacent to stairwells or elevator hoistways. These
refuge zones may require special pressure compensation systems to maintain a tenable environment. The requirements for these
systems must be dictated by the building's smoke control system designer based on the smoke control system design and its
associated sequence of operation. When these types of zones are encountered, additional time and resources may be required to
establish and verify compliance to the specification.
Shaft Protection
There are two types of shaft protection systems:

 Stairwell pressurization systems

 Elevator smoke control

Stairwell Pressurization Systems

Stair towers are stairwells with a ventilation system and are isolated from the main building. Stair towers are the most common type of
dedicated smoke control system. The only connection between the building and the stair tower is the fire-rated doors on each floor.

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Because the building’s occupants should use the stair tower to leave during an evacuation, keeping the stair tower smoke free is vital.
The following image depicts the various parts of a stair tower system.

Stair Tower System Components

The goal of pressurized stairwells is to maintain a tenable environment within exit stairwells for the time necessary to allow occupants to
exit the building. A tenable environment is defined as an environment in which the products of combustion, including toxic gases,
particulates, and heat, are limited or otherwise restricted to maintain the impact on occupants to a level that is not life threatening. A
secondary objective of stairwell pressurization is to provide a staging area for firefighters. This is achieved when stair shafts are
mechanically pressurized, with respect to the fire area, with outdoor air to keep smoke from contaminating them during a fire.

There are two types of stairwell systems:

 Noncompensated– Supply air is provided to the stairwell by starting a fan. This provides two or more positive pressure
differentials: one differential with all of the doors closed, a second differential with one door open, and so on.
 Compensated– Supply air is also provided to the stairwell by starting a fan, but the fan system adjusts the positive differential
based on the various combinations of opened and closed doors. You can perform this adjustment by either modulating supply
airflows or by relieving excess pressure from the stairwell. Typically, over-pressure relief may utilize barometric dampers, motor-
operated dampers, an automatically opening stairwell door to the outside at ground level, or an exhaust fan.

It is important to pressurize a stair tower enough to keep smoke out. However, if the pressure in the stair tower is too great, opening the
door leading into the stair tower can be difficult.

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Elevator Smoke Control
Elevator shafts present a particular problem with regards to smoke control. The elevator shafts form perfect chimneys to draw smoke
into the upper levels of a building. Since elevators usually have openings on each floor, and the seals on elevator doors are often poor,
the elevator shaft can become a mechanism to spread smoke throughout a building.

In order to have a usable elevator during a smoke emergency, the elevator shafts have to be pressurized in the same way a stair tower
is pressurized. However, pressurizing the elevator shaft presents a number of problems. You can fit the elevator doors with improved
seals and rubber sweeps. However, these steps do not completely eliminate air leakage. Moreover, most elevator shafts are not
designed to be pressurized. There are also localized pressure differences that the cars create as they travel up and down the shafts.
Shafts are often constructed of porous material that cannot contain the air pressure. Shafts are not designed for inspection after the
elevators are installed, so finding and repairing cracks that would let smoke infiltrate or pressure escape is difficult.

While several methods for correcting the problems of air pressurization in elevators have been proposed and investigated, there are no
firm recommendations regarding elevator smoke control. Refer to the NFPA 92 and UL864 standards for additional information.
Remember the local AHJ and project specifications may require control beyond that specified in the above standards.

Floor Protection
As discussed previously, pressurized stairwells are intended to control smoke to the extent that they inhibit smoke infiltration into the
stairwell. However, in a building with just a pressurized stairwell, smoke can flow through cracks in floors and partitions and through
other shafts to threaten life or damage property at locations remote from the fire. The concept of zoned smoke control is intended to
limit this type of smoke movement from within a building.

Zoned Smoke Control

With zoned smoke control, smoke movement is inhibited by dividing the building into smoke control zones, with each zone separated
from the others by smoke barriers. These smoke barriers can include partitions, floors, or doors that you can close. When a fire occurs
in one of these smoke control zones, it is called a smoke zone. In the event of a fire, pressure differences and airflows produced by
mechanical fans and operating dampers can be used to limit the smoke to the zone in which the fire originated. When a fire/smoke
condition occurs, all of the nonsmoke zones that are contiguous to the smoke zone are positively pressurized and the smoke zone is
negatively pressurized. Optionally, all of the remaining smoke control zones in the building may also be positively pressurized. With the
smoke contained to the smoke zone, it can then be exhausted. Typically, the fire/smoke signals from a protective signaling system
(UOJZ, a UL 864 Listed Fire Alarm Control Unit; that is, a fire alarm panel) are used to activate the zoned smoke control sequence.

Smoke Control System Activation

The operating controls of the HVAC system shall be designed or modified to provide the smoke control mode with the highest priority
over all other control modes. Normally, the smoke control sequences are activated automatically. In some cases, however, manual
activation may be more appropriate. In either case, the smoke control system shall be capable of being manually overridden and
manually deactivated. The automatic smoke control system shall be automatically activated in response to signals received from a
specific fire detection device or a combination of fire detection devices. Fire detection devices include automatic devices such as smoke
detectors, waterflow switches, and heat detectors. Generally, manual fire alarm pull stations should not be used to activate automatic
smoke control systems, other than stairwell pressurization systems. The reason for this is because of the likelihood that a person may
signal an alarm from a station outside of the smoke zone origin.

Response Time
Smoke control system activation should be started immediately after receiving an activation command. A maximum of 10 seconds
transmission time is allowed, from the initiation of an activation signal (that is, a fire alarm input), to the time it reaches the smoke
control system. The smoke control sequence should activate individual components and starts from the moment the smoke control
command is issued (whether automatic or manual) to the final action. This time is 60 seconds for fan operation at the desired state and
75 seconds for the completion of the damper travel. Should an individual component fail, the time lapse from the moment the
component reaches its final state and the moment its associated trouble signal annunciates should not exceed 10 seconds. This means
that the annunciation of the trouble signal for a fan must occur within 70 seconds of the automatic or manual activation command. The
annunciation of the damper trouble signal must occur within 85 seconds of the automatic or manual activation command.

This table summarizes the control and supervision time constraints applied by the UL 864 listing and NFPA 92. The applications within
the Automation Server, AS-P and BACnet field controllers shall provide compliance with the following.

Function UL 864 Required Timing (Maximum)

Controller Offline/Trouble Detection 200 Seconds

Fan Proof Sensor Time Limit 60 Seconds

Damper Activation Proof Sensor Time Limit 75 Seconds

Audible Trouble/Fault Signal Resound Of Horn 24 Hours

Automatic Response to Multiple Signals
Once an automatic activation has occurred, subsequent alarm signals that would normally result in the automatic actuation of a smoke-
control sequence should be annunciated only. No fans or dampers should be actuated in response to any subsequent automatic alarm
signal in order to avoid the possibility of defeating any smoke control sequence which is in progress.

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 FSCS Basics
Other than responding to the initial fire alarm in an attempt to localize and minimize smoke migration, the other primary function of a
smoke control system is to provide the firefighters with a means of overriding and controlling selected portions of the HVAC system
(dedicated and non-dedicated equipment). The conditions in a facility can change significantly subsequent to the initial alarm signal.
When firefighters arrive at the scene, it is desirable to provide them with the necessary controls to revise the smoke control system
operation. This must be presented to the firefighters in a form that can be easily interpreted and operated to permit them to direct the
smoke control response after that initial alarm. Within a listed smoke control system, the override capability for firefighters is
accommodated with the provision of a Firefighter's Smoke Control Station (FSCS).

An FSCS is required on all smoke control systems according to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 92 standard. The
FSCS is designed to permit the firefighters to monitor and manually override the equipment used for smoke control. The FSCS must
have the highest priority control over all smoke control equipment. Requirements for the FSCS as described in the NFPA-92 guidelines
and required for the UL 864 UUKL listing are described in this SmartStuxure smoke control system guide. Check with local building
codes and fire authorities to determine if there are any additional requirements that the FSCS must implement for the particular
locations or applications.

This figure shows a typical FSCS. Since the FSCS is custom-made for each application, the layout and image will vary from project to
project. While your FSCS will not appear the same as the figure, it will still be capable of performing the same functions. The sections
that follow describe FSCS requirements. For more information on the FSCS requirements, see the NFPA 92 Standard.

Sample FSCS Panel

The FSCS provides the capability to observe the current state of all critical equipment participating in the smoke control system. It also
provides the authorized user with the ability to override the current state of equipment in the system. The FSCS design will be unique to
each project with the objective of the FSCS presenting a graphic of the facility showing the location and function for the various,
equipment elements in the system. LED indicators positioned on or next to equipment images will illuminate to show the current state of
the equipment and also to present a fault LED illumination if the equipment fails to achieve the state directed by the automated smoke
response or override from the FSCS. Switches positioned on the face of the panel next to the applicable equipment images are used to
override the current state (such as open or close a damper, or direct a fan to run or stop).

As described here, the FSCS is a wall-mounted panel providing indicator lamps showing the operational state of selected equipment.
Most FSCS panels are designed with customized graphics depicting an easily interpreted diagram of the facility showing the physical
layout/location of equipment in the facility being controlled. The FSCS often depicts a simple overview of the air distribution/ducting
system in the facility, along with the configuration of major HVAC devices, such as Air Handling Units and major dampers used to block
air/smoke transfer. The objective is for the firefighter to be able to easily view the diagram and gain immediate insight into the location
of the equipment, the status of the equipment and the control options offered by the system. The desired result is for firefighter to have
a quicker and better understanding of how to influence smoke migration in the facility.

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In addition to the equipment status display and override function, the FSCS must enunciate faults in the system. This includes faults in
the operation or communications between the the control system components and the failure of the selected equipment to actually
activate. For example, the FSCS should enunciate when a fan that was overridden to the ON state fails to be sensed as running.

Primary FSCS Functions, Features, and Requirements

The NFPA-92 Standard for Smoke Control Systems, 2012 document describes the requirements for the FSCS as providing the
following functions and attributes:

 The FSCS should be installed in a location within the building acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.

 The FSCS should include a status indication, fault condition indication and manual control for all smoke control equipment.

 The status indicators and controls should be labeled and arranged to convey the intended system/equipment objectives.

 Operator control, status indications and fault indications shall be provided for each smoke control zone, each piece of smoke
control equipment used, or a combination of the two.

 Positive status indications (ON and OFF) shall be provided individually or by zone in accordance with previous requirement for
each of the following:

1) A dedicated smoke control system fan

2) Non-dedicated fans used for smoke control with a capacity larger than 2000CFM

 Fan ON status should be sensed by pressure difference, an airflow switch, or other positive proof of airflow.

 A positive status indication (fully open and fully closed) of the damper position shall be provided if individual, damper controls are
provided on the FSCS.

 The FSCS shall provide a pushbutton momentary (self-restoring) switch for activating a LAMP TEST function. The lamp test
function activates all LED indicators provided on the panel while the button is pressed.

 The FSCS shall present building and system diagrams and graphics showing the type and location of all smoke control
equipment (fans, dampers etc.) The building areas affected by the equipment shall also be clearly indicated.

 FSCS override controls shall have the highest priority control over all smoke control systems and equipment

 Where manual controls for smoke control equipment are also provided at other building locations, the control mode selected from
the FSCS shall prevail.

 FSCS controls shall override or bypass other building controls such as Hand-Off-Auto and start/stop switches located on fan
motor controllers, freeze detection devices, and duct smoke detectors except as provided in the following requirement:

 The FSCS fan control capability shall not be required to bypass Hand-Off-Auto or start/stop switches located on motor controllers
of non-dedicated smoke control system fans where both of these conditions exist:

1) Such fan motor controllers are located in mechanical or electrical equipment rooms or in other areas accessible only to
authorized personnel.

2) Using a motor controller switch to turn a fan on or off will cause an off-normal indication at the building’s main control center
during normal HVAC or building control operations of the non-dedicated fan.

 FSCS control shall not take precedence over fire suppression, electrical protection, or personnel protection devices.

 When stairwell pressurization systems are provided, manual activation and deactivation control of the stairwell pressurization
systems shall be provided at the FSCS.

 The FSCS is permitted to provide an override switch to restart the stairwell pressurization fan(s) after shutdown from the smoke
detector.

NFPA-92 Annex-H
NFPA-92 Annex- H Firefighter's Smoke Control Station (FSCS) Considerations provides additional information which is not part of the
NFPA document requirements, but is included for informational purposes. The information associated with the FSCS includes the
following:

 The FSCS should be located close to other firefighters’ systems within the building.
 The FSCS should provide a means to ensure that only authorized users access the FSCS.
 Where acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction, the FSCS should be provided within a specific location or room, separated
from public areas by a suitably marked and locked door.
 The FSCS location, separate room, room location, size, access means, and other physical design considerations should be
acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.

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  The FSCS design should graphically present the physical building arrangement, smoke control systems and equipment, and
areas of the building served by the equipment.
 Status indicators should be provided for all smoke control equipment by pilot lamp-type indicators as follows:

1) Smoke control fans and other critical operating equipment should have a Green lamp indicating the operating state.

2) Smoke control and other critical equipment that may have two or more states or positions, such as dampers should use: Green
(OPEN) and Yellow (CLOSED)

The position of each piece of equipment should be indicated by lamps and appropriate legends. Intermediate positions (that is,
modulating dampers that may not be fully open or fully closed) may be indicated by not illuminating either of their pilot lamps.

3) Smoke control system or equipment faults should be indicated with an Amber/Orange lamp

 Using the positions of multi-position control switches to indicate the status of a controlled device should not be done in lieu of
pilot-lamp-type status indicators as described previously
 The FSCS should provide control capability over all smoke control system equipment or zones within the building.

Wherever practical, it is recommended that control be provided by zone, rather than by individual equipment. This approach will
aid firefighters in readily understanding system operation and will help to avoid problems caused by manually activating
equipment in the wrong sequence or by neglecting to control a critical component.

 Control by zone should be accomplished as follows:

PRESSURE-AUTO-EXHAUST control over each zone that can be controlled as a single entity relies on system programming to
properly sequence all devices in the zone to produce the desired effect. In systems utilizing common supply or return ducts, or
both, inclusion of an ISOLATE mode is desirable. To enable the use of the system to flush smoke out of a zone after the fire has
been extinguished, a PURGE (equal supply and exhaust) mode can also be desirable.

 If control over individual pieces of equipment is deemed necessary, the following control options should be provided:
 ON-AUTO-OFF control over each individual piece of operating smoke control equipment that can also be controlled from
other sources within the building. Controlled components include the following:
 All stairway pressurization fans
 Smoke exhaust fans
 HVAC supply, return, and exhaust fans in excess of 2000 CFM
 Elevator shaft fans
 Atrium supply and exhaust fans
 Any other operating equipment used or intended for smoke control purpose
 ON-OFF or OPEN-CLOSE control over all smoke control and other critical equipment associated with a fire or smoke
emergency and that can be controlled only from the FSCS.
 OPEN-AUTO-CLOSE control over all individual dampers relating to smoke control that are also controlled from other
sources within the building. HVAC terminal units, such as VAV mixing boxes that are all located within and serve one
designated smoke control zone can be controlled collectively instead of individually. HVAC unit coil face bypass dampers
that are arranged so as not to restrict overall airflow within the system can be exempt. Additional controls might be required
by the authority having jurisdication.

The FSCS control actions and priorities should be as follows:

 ON-OFF, OPEN-CLOSE. These control actions should have the highest priority of any control point within the building. Once
issued from the FSCS, no automatic or manual control from any other control point within the building should contradict the FSCS
control action.
 Where an automatic means is provided to interrupt normal, non-emergency equipment operation or produce a specific
result to safeguard the building or equipment (for example, duct freeze stats, duct smoke detectors, high-temperature
cutouts, temperature-actuated linkage, and similar devices) such means should be capable of being overridden or reset to
levels not exceeding levels of imminent system failure by FSCS control action. The last control action as indicated by each
FSCS switch position should prevail.
 Control actions issued from the FSCS should not override or bypass devices and controls intended to protect against
electrical overloads, provide for personnel safety, and prevent major system damage. These devices include overcurrent
protection devices and electrical disconnect switches, high limit static pressure switches, and combination fire or smoke
dampers beyond their degradation temperature classifications, meeting ANSI/UL 555, Standard for Fire Dampers, or
ANSI/UL 555S, Standard for Smoke Dampers.
 AUTO. Only the AUTO position of each 3-position FSCS control should allow automatic or manual control action from other
control points within the building. The AUTO position should be the normal, non-emergency, building control position. When an
FSCS control is in the AUTO position, the actual status of the device (on, off, open, closed) should continue to be indicated by the
status indicator(s) described previously.
 FSCS Response Time- For smoke control purposes, the FSCS response time should be the same as for automatic or manual
smoke control action initiated from any other building control point. FSCS pilot lamp indication of the actual equipment status
should not exceed 15 seconds after operation of the respective feedback device.
 The location of smoke control systems and equipment within the building should be indicated by symbols within the FSCS
graphics.

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  Where zoned smoke control is used, a sufficient number of smoke control components to convey the intended operation of the
smoke control systems and equipment should be shown. Normally, these components would include major ducts, fans, and
dampers that are part of the smoke control system.
 Where control is provided over individual fans and dampers used for smoke control, these components should be shown on the
FSCS graphic panel and where appropriate, should also be shown connected to their respective ducts with a clear indication of
the direction of airflow.
 With either zoned or individual equipment control, the building areas served by the smoke control systems should be shown on
the FSCS graphics. Status indications for damper positions should be shown where their inclusion would aid in understanding
system operation and can be omitted where their inclusion would hinder understanding of the system, such as on an already
densely populated panel. Damper position can also be omitted where no separate control over damper position is provided.

General FSCS Panel Information

The FSCS panel is constructed with multi-position toggle or rotary switches for control of individual fans and dampers, or consolidated
pressurize and exhaust control over the individual zones. High intensity LEDs indicate the equipment status or the detection of
equipment faults or communication failures. A multi-color graphic depicting the building and equipment is created to provide a clear
picture relating each switch and indicator to the appropriate smoke control zone, and the equipment function in the zone. Critical areas
like stairways, elevator shafts, main fresh air ducts, and main exhaust ducts can be highlighted by using distinct colors.

The FSCS panel surface is typically a multi-colored polyester film which is protected by a non-glare textured coating. The artwork can
include black lines and legends with a multi-colored background or a black background with multi-colored lines and legends. You may
choose from ADI's chart of standard colors. High intensity LEDs providing status indications do not protrude through the polyester-film
front panel, so the front surface is easily cleaned.

The ON-AUTO-OFF control of fans or OPEN-AUTO-CLOSE control of dampers is typically accomplished by three position toggle,
rotary switches or interlocking push-button switches. Two position switches are applied when applicable such as ON-OFF, OPEN-
CLOSE, and Auto-Open, typically associated with dedicated equipment only controlled from the FSCS. Three position switches can
also be applied to the zone mode type of override control with selections such as PRESSURIZE-AUTO-EXHAUST. The switches are
wired to terminals which are sub-plate mounted in the enclosure. Momentary pushbutton switches are utilized for functions such as
LAMP TEST and CLEAR FAULT.

LEDs are available in red, green, amber, yellow and bi-state configurations.The LEDs are T-1 ¾ size, mounted on printed circuit
boards, and provide 170,000 hours of continuous or pulsed operation.

The enclosure can be a flush or surface-mount, back box with standard sizes of 36 inches (914 mm) x 24 inches (610 mm), 48 inches
(1220 mm) x 36 inches (914 mm) and 60 inches (1524 mm) x 48 inches (1220 mm). ADI can also support custom and larger sizes. All
enclosures are constructed in accordance with requirements specified in UL 864 (v9) section 7.

FSCS panels will be constructed with integral power supplies which are powered from standard 120 VAC line voltage.

Some panel mounting options available from ADI include:

 Wall mount back boxes

 Stainless steel frames
 Stainless steel enclosures
 Security door, with or without a viewing window
 Key locks
 Torx pin head security screws
 Southco knuckle hinges
 Stainless steel hinges

Consult with ADI regarding additional features, options and construction alternatives available under ADI’s UL 864 FSCS panel listing.

Switch and LED Reference Designations

When the FSCS panel design is completed, you will receive a drawing showing the final artwork and Switch/LED layout for approval.
You will also receive a version of the panel drawing showing the graphics along with reference identification numbers assigned to all
switch and LED components.

The LEDs and switches are also summarized in two tables typically in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet formats. The LED table will list all of
the sequentially numbered LED positions, their function, Modbus register, bit position, and the ADI connection point in the FSCS. The
switch table presents the same type of information. The FSCS design drawing shows the switch numbers (for example, S###) and LED
numbers (for example, L###) assigned to each switch and LED presented on the panel.

These designations are used to correlate LED and Switch positions with the Modbus protocol data presentation of the switch and LED
information. This information is required by the Smoke Control Server application programming engineer to ensure the application
program is properly interpreting the switches from the FSCS. This is also needed for the application program to generate the correct
Modbus register sequence and data content to present the correct LED status on the FSCS. The S### and L### designations are used
in the programming/mapping tables to associate the switch or LED with the Modbus Register positions. One of the L### designations
controls the audible Sonalert. For more information, see Basic Application Functions .

Common or Mandatory FSCS Elements and Functions

The following sections detail the functionality of the mandatory and common element functions associated with FSCS panel designs.

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Panel Enable Key Lock
The FSCS panel shall provide a key operated Panel Enable switch. The status of this key switch is used by the Automation Server, or
AS-P program to enable or disable most other switches and keep them from affecting the automatic system mode.

When the key is in the DISABLE position, the FSCS panel (and Automation Server, or AS-P program) must be programmed to function
as follows:

 The FSCS panel continues to notify the Smoke Control Server of the state of all switches on the FSCS.
 The Smoke Control Server program will ignore the state of all equipment override switches and will pass through the AUTOmatic
mode selection.
 The Smoke Control Server will disable/ignore the CLEAR FAULT pushbutton switch.
 If the Silence Alarm is provided as a pushbutton switch, the Smoke Control Server will be programmed to disable/ignore the
Silence switch.
 If the Silence Alarm is provided as a key operated switch, the Smoke Control Server will be programmed to permit the Silence
signal to pass and execute.
 The Lamp Test pushbutton switch will still operate.
 The Audible Alert will still operate (internal to the FSCS).
 The Smoke Control Server program will continue to drive FSCS indicator lamps to show the current state of all systems and
equipment.
 The FSCS Enable key can be removed from the lock in this Disable position.

When the key is in the ENABLE position, the FSCS panel (and Automation Server or AS-P program) must be programmed to function
as follows:

 The FSCS panel continues to notify the Smoke Control Server of all current override switch positions including the enable switch.
 The program in the Smoke Control Server will recognize the enable status as being active and will enable the equipment override
directions from the collection of FSCS switches and transport those override commands to the field controllers.
 When ENABLED, the Smoke Control Server program will continue to quickly update the field controllers of any subsequent
changes on the FSCS override switches.
 All overrides currently invoked in the switches but ignored while the panel was disabled, will immediately take effect.
 The Reset Alarm/Fault pushbutton switch will prompt the Smoke Control Server program to execute the reset/clear function.
 If the Silence Alarm is provided as a pushbutton switch, the Smoke Control Server program will now execute the Silence function
when requested by the pushbutton.
 If the Silence Alarm is a key-operated switch, it will always be accepted by the Smoke Control Server program and executed
regardless of the panel enable switch.
 The Audible Alert continues to operate on any fault as when the panel was disabled. However, it can now be silenced.
 The Lamp Test pushbutton switch will still operate (internal to the FSCS).
 The Smoke Control Server program will continue to drive all indicator lamps to display the current state of all systems and
equipment.
 The FSCS Enable key cannot be removed from the lock in this Enable position.

The system designer should check with authorities having jurisdiction to determine which facility personnel should have
possession of a Panel Enable key.

Lamp Test Pushbutton

The FSCS panel shall provide a Lamp Test pushbutton switch to allow the operator to check the operation of all indicator lamps (LEDs).
Pressing this button will cause all indicators (LEDs) to illuminate. The panel should be configured such that the Lamp Test pushbutton
function will operate regardless of whether the panel is enabled or disabled.

The status of the panel Lamp Test switch shall also be available in the Modbus register data from the panel. This allows the Smoke
Control Server application to monitor and report when the Lamp Test function is performed. The Smoke Control Server and its program
are not involved with the FSCS Lamp Test Function. The Lamp Test is performed by the Z-Card internal to the FSCS.

Audible Alert
The FSCS panel must provide an audible SonAlert horn that sounds upon FAULT detection. When the Smoke Control Server program
detects an equipment FAULT, the program must illuminate the applicable LED(s) AND activate the Audible Horn. The program must
continuously sound the horn while the equipment FAULT is active. If the equipment FAULT is corrected (eliminated), the program will
be configured to extinguish the LED and horn. If the FAULT remains active, the horn can be silenced within the Smoke Control Server
by user activation of the SILENCE switch. If the FAULT condition remains active for 24 hours, the Smoke Control Server program
should be configured to reactivate the horn.

The Smoke Control Server program should activate the audible horn again if a different equipment point changes to the FAULT
condition.

The Smoke Control Server program should also activate the audible horn upon the detection of an active smoke alarm signal. As with
the other audible alerts, the key-operated SILENCE switch may be used to turn off the sound while the smoke alarm remains active.

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Silence Audible Switch
The FSCS must be configured with a SILENCE audible switch. This can be either a pushbutton switch or a key operated momentary
switch.

If the FSCS is configured with a simple pushbutton SILENCE switch, the switch must not function when the panel’s key operated enable
switch is in the DISABLE position. When the panel is ENABLED, the SILENCE pushbutton should be processed by the Smoke Control
Server program and executed. If the FSCS is configured with a key operated momentary SILENCE switch, the Silence function should
be executed by the program in the Smoke Control Server at all times with the panel ENABLED or DISABLED. The key operated switch
ensures the person has authority to SILENCE the panel and the panel enable key is not required. The example system FSCS panel is
shown configured with the key operated SILENCE switch.

Clear Fault Pushbutton

The FSCS panel shall provide a Clear Fault pushbutton switch to allow the operator to reset/extinguish faults which have a latching
indicator. This would pertain to faults produced by the weekly Self Test of the dedicated equipment. Faults prompted by the weekly self-
test program should be latched within the Smoke Control Server where the specific test operation is managed.

The status of the Clear Fault pushbutton switch is available in the Modbus register data from the panel. If the panel is enabled, then the
Smoke Control Server program will accept and execute the Clear Fault function. If this function is not exclusive to the Smoke Control
Server managing the FSCS, the Smoke Control Server program must pass the Clear Fault signal to the applicable Smoke Control
Server where the reset/clear is needed.

The FSCS Smoke Control Server will need to ensure a minimum active state to accommodate a potentially short active signal from the
FSCS panel. This may be accomplished with a program one-shot that emits a 10 second pulse signal to the other controllers when a
pushbutton press is detected.

System Communications Fault Indicator

The Smoke Control Server handling the FSCS is responsible for supervising communications to the other Smoke Control Servers and
collecting the communications status from the Smoke Control Servers managing subordinate MS/TP networks and the BACnet I/P fire
panel. The detection of a fault in the communications to the other Smoke Control Servers, or the reporting of a communications fault by
the other Smoke Control Servers should prompt the SYSTEM COMMS FAULT LED to illuminate.

The SYSTEM COMMS FAULT LED functions as a summary indication which is active (LED is steady state ON) when the FSCS
application in the managing Smoke Control Server has detected or been informed of a communications problem to any controller
participating in the smoke control application. When the cause of the SYSTEM COMMS FAULT indication is unknown, the Building
Operation WorkStation can be used to investigate and identify the cause of the fault indication. It is helpful to generate a
Communications Summary screen to show the status of the communications to all controller nodes. This will show the communications
status to all controllers and makes it easy to see the specific controller prompting the FAULT indication.

The SYSTEM COMMS FAULT will cause the activation of the audible alert. The alert will continue to sound until the communication
fault is eliminated, or the key SILENCE switch is activated. If the silence function is used, the visual fault indication remains active and
the Smoke Control Server application program shall be configured to reactivate the audible in 24 hours if the COMMS FAULT remains
active.

FSCS Communications Fault Indicator

The FSCS Z-Card supervises the RS-485 communications to the managing Automation Server or AS-P. If the FSCS detects a fault in
Modbus communications with the Smoke Control Server, the FSCS will illuminate and latch the FSCS COMMS FAULT LED. Clearing
this fault requires that the communication first be restored/repaired to the Smoke Control Server, and then the latched indicator can be
cleared by using the key-operated SILENCE switch to extinguish the FSCS COMMS FAULT.

The audible alert will also sound upon the activation of the FSCS COMMS FAULT. The horn will continue to sound until the key
operated SILENCE switch is activated. If the communication problem to the Smoke Control Server has been resolved, the SILENCE will
also extinguish the FSCS COMMS FAULT LED. If the FAULT remains active, the horn will reactivate in 24 hours. This is handled within
the FSCS Z-Card firmware.

Equipment Fault Display

In addition to the equipment status display and override function, the Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS is responsible for
providing an indication of equipment faults detected in the system. The equipment elements selected for status display and override
control on the FSCS panel will also incorporate proof sensors that will be monitored by the controller directing the equipment control
state. The controller directing the equipment must report an equipment FAULT if the equipment proof point does not indicate the
equipment reached the commanded state. For example, the FSCS should enunciate when a fan that was overridden to the ON state
fails to be sensed as running. The equipment FAULT status is transferred to the Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS for visual
presentation and audible notification.

The equipment fault indications are grouped with the other equipment status indicators and the override switch related to the equipment
on the FSCS panel graphics. The equipment fault indicator will remain illuminated until the fault is corrected.

The FSCS panel design can get complex with hundreds of LEDs and switches. A summary equipment fault indicator should be
provided in the same area as the system communications fault which is also a summary system indication. The summary Equipment
Fault LED should be active any time the Smoke Control Server application has any of the individual equipment fault LEDs illuminated.
An active summary indicator lets the operator know they need to examine the whole panel to identify the cause.

14
When an equipment fault is activated, the Smoke Control Server application must also activate the audible SonAlert (horn). This alert
will continue to sound until the equipment fault is eliminated, or the key SILENCE switch is activated. If the silence function is used, the
visual fault indication remains active and the Smoke Control Server application program shall be configured to reactivate the horn in 24
hours if the equipment fault remains active.

Manual Override Fault

Within the SmartStruxure smoke control system, several of the field controllers and I/O modules have manual override switches on their
face panel. During installation, setup and system commissioning, these can be valuable tools. After the system is put into service, these
switches become potential sources for inadvertently disabling the system or a portion of the system. The status of all override switches
associated with outputs participating in the smoke control applications must be monitored by the supervising Automation Servers, or
AS-Ps. The Manual Override status must be transmitted continuously to the Smoke Control Server managing the FSCS panel. The
Smoke Control Server application must produce a FAULT indication if any of these switches are not found in the AUTOmatic position.

The FSCS panel design should include a summary LED indication identified as a MANUAL OVERRIDE FAULT. The managing Smoke
Control Server application should be set up to activate that LED when any controller points participating in the smoke control application
have a manual override active. The LED should remain active until all applicable manual override switches on the controllers are
returned to the AUTO position.

Like the other FAULTS, this manual override fault will prompt activation of the audible SonAlert. Also, like the other faults, if the
SILENCE is used, the audible alarm must reactivate after 24 hours if the override persists. In other words, the manual override is
considered a problem that cannot be allowed to persist.

The Building Operation WorkStation can be set up with a MANUAL OVERRIDE SUMMARY screen showing the override condition for
controllers participating in the smoke control application. This screen can be used to help identify the cause of a MANUAL OVERRIDE
FAULT indication seen on the FSCS. Application examples for Function Block and Script programs that supervise the override switches
on the I/O modules and MS/TP controllers are included in this guide. For more information, see Basic Application Functions .

Alarm Indication
A presentation of the zone alarm status should be provided on the FSCS to allow recognition of when the system is responding to an
alarm condition and which zone alarm is active. The following figure shows an alarm indication from the example FSCS panel. A
SMOKE ALARM LED is provided within the graphic of each of the four control zones and stairwell presented on the face of the example
FSCS panel. These LEDs will illuminate when the system responds to an alarm condition.

FSCS Zone Alarm Graphics

Equipment Status Display and Override

The equipment status display and override includes the individual equipment override and zone-based override.

Individual Equipment Override

The FSCS individual equipment status display and override control can be presented as shown in the following extract from the
example system FSCS panel.

Equipment Status and Override Display

he example FSCS presents ON/AUTO/OFF and OPEN/AUTO/CLOSE control of the individual pieces of equipment serving each of the
zones; with equipment display and override switch groups such as those shown.

Zone-Based Override
The example FSCS also demonstrates the zone based pressurize and exhaust mode of operation. The Zone Override technique
presents a zone status display and override control with graphics such as those in the following figure. This allows a single switch to
activate PRESSURIZE or EXHAUST mode with the Smoke Control Server application directing the multiple pieces of equipment to the
necessary state.

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 Zone-Based Override and Status
In an arrangement such as this where individual equipment override and zoned override are provided, one needs to take precedence
over the other when in conflict. An example of such conflict would be- if ZONE 4 is set to PRESSURIZE with the zone mode switch and
the Supply Air (SA) Damper serving ZONE 4 set to the CLOSED position (instead of AUTO) with the individual equipment control.
Between the two FSCS override modes, the individual equipment control is configured in the Smoke Control Server application to have
higher priority over the PRESSURIZE/EXHAUST mode switch. In the example, all equipment elements would be set to the appropriate
state for PRESSURIZE with the exception of the Supply Air (SA) Damper which would be set to the CLOSED position due to the higher
priority individual control switch.

Weekly Self-Test
There will frequently be some equipment participating in the smoke control system that is never activated (state change) unless there is
a smoke control response sequence active, or a manual override from the FSCS. That equipment is referred to as dedicated smoke
control equipment. Since normal HVAC control cannot be depended upon to exercise the equipment and expose any operational
problems, the dedicated equipment must be exercised by a weekly self-test routine as programmed in the Smoke Control Servers. The
weekly self-test is frequently set to operate afterhours in the facility to minimize influence on the normal comfort controls. The example
system was programmed to perform self-test every Saturday night at midnight.

In the example system, the dedicated equipment includes the Stairwell Air Handler Unit (AHU #3) and the six Smoke Dampers for floors
or zones 2, 3 and 4:

 FL2 SA Smk Damper

 FL2 RA Smk Damper
 FL3 SA Smk Damper
 FL3 RA Smk Damper
 FL4 SA Smk Damper
 FL4 RA Smk Damper

Each of these devices need to be activated during the weekly self test and the equipment proof point is used to confirm the equipment
operated properly. Unlike the transient self-extinguishing equipment faults described previously, any equipment faults detected during
the weekly self-test must be latched in the application program to hold the visual LED indication showing what piece of equipment
caused a self-test failure.

In a building that was unoccupied over the weekend, it is necessary to hold the possible failure status information until Monday morning.
If a failure occurred, the building operator would arrive to find the FSCS sounding the audible alert and the visual FAULT LEDs on the
FSCS would be reviewed to identify which equipment caused the self-test fault alarm.

Since the FAULT is latched, the CLEAR FAULTS pushbutton switch will be required to clear/reset the FAULT condition (after first
recording the source of the fault). The equipment fault indication will be cleared if the condition is not still active, and the Panel Enable
key operated switch has been placed in the ENABLE position. The CLEAR FAULTS can optionally also be set up in the Smoke Control
Server application to also silence the active, audible horn along with extinguishing the FAULT LED if the fault conditions are no longer
present.

FSCS Operating Instructions Sheet

This Operating Instructions Sheet summarizes the FSCS indicators and controls.

IMPORTANT:

Only authorized personnel should use this instruction sheet.

LED Indicators

LED Description

RED ALARM has been received for the zone.

AMBER Equipment FAILURE

Controller Communications FAULT or OVERRIDE FAULT

GREEN DAMPER is OPEN

FAN is ON

YELLOW DAMPER is CLOSED

FAN is OFF (Indication optional)

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Press the LAMP TEST button to test all indicators. Replace faulty indicators.

Press the CLEAR FAULTS button to clear Equipment or Controller faults. The panel enable key must be in the ENABLE position to
clear the faults.

Panel ENABLE Key

Key Description

DISABLE Override switches are disabled

This is the normal position when the alarm response is not in process or a fault is not being investigated

ENABLE Override switches are enabled

CLEAR FAULT switch enabled

All LED status and fault indicators are operational in both key positions.

All override switches should be in the AUTO position before turning the KEY to the ENABLE position in order to avoid inadvertent
override actions.

Override Switches

Switch Description

AUTO Equipment or zone is under Automatic control

ON Force the Fan to turn ON

OFF Force the Fan to turn OFF

OPEN Force the Damper to OPEN

CLOSE Force the Damper to CLOSE

PRESS Pressurize the entire Zone

EXHAUST Exhaust the entire Zone

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