Department of Pakistan Studies

Review Pack
History

Name: ___________________________________ Class: Y7_____

Important Note! The review sheet is only a practice sheet for the exam preparation. You should read all the

chapters thoroughly from the textbook. Revise all the work done in manuscripts and booklets.

Chapter #6: Subcontinent after the War of Independence.

Section A

Time line:
Q1a. Write down the events and dates for the following era of Subcontinent after War of Independence and
Quaid-e-Azam. [11]

1. _1914__________: World War I started

2. 1939: ____WORLD WAR 2 STARTED ____________.

3. ___1945___: World War II ended.

4. 1885: __The political party “Indian National Congress” was formed.

5. 1906: The political party “All India Muslim League” was formed.

6. __1922__: Gandhi ended Non-cooperation movement.

7. 1933:Ch Rehmat Ali wrote a famous Pamphlet ‘Now or Never Are we here to live or perish’

8. ___1876_________ : Quaid-e-Azam was born.

9. 1929: Quaid-e-Azam issued fourteen points.

10. 1930: Quaid-e-Azam represented Muslims in the round table conference

11. _____1913_____: Quaid-e-Azam Joins Muslim League political party

Q1b. Guess the personality from the given hints. [4]
i. A political party, rose in 1906.
All India Muslim League

ii. Famous lawyer, represented AIML in the round table conference in London.
Quaid-e-Azam

iii. A Nationalist, supported Khilafat movement.

Ali brothers

Iv. A nationalist, started campaign of Non-cooperation movement.

M.K Gandhi

Q1. What major changes were observed after 1857, war of independence? (2)

The most important change was the transfer of power to the British crown. The War of Independence where brought
the Mughal empire to an end there it made the British aware of their weaknesses and compelled them to revise their
government strategies. The 1857 uprising had widened the gap between the Hindus and Muslims. The indifferent
attitude of British the Muslims has even worsened the situation. The British hold the Muslims responsible for the
uprising of 1857 that’s why the British favored the Hindus, which increase the gap between the Muslims and Hindus
even further.

Q2. List names of war of independence with different perspective of historians. (3)

British named it OR remembered it as The Indian Mutiny. Whereas the Indians called it The War of Independence as
they wanted freedom from the British tyranny rule.

Q3. Which countries consisted of Western Powers and Central powers in World War 1? (4)
Western powers: Great Britain, France and Russia

Central powers are: German, Austro Hungarian, Turkish and Kingdom of Bulgaria.

Section B

Refer to Textbook. (Know your world )

Complete the following paragraph. (5)

The realization was based on the fact that, despite being many in number, the _______________ of India were going
to remain a _________________ in comparison to the Hindus. The ratio of Muslims to Hindus was
________________ at that time. The _____________ party wanted a unified India and claimed to represent Indians
regardless of their _______________, but Muslim leaders viewed their policies and decisions as damaging for
Muslims
This question is not to be required right now

Q4. Source A: According to the given source. It shows the World War II (2)
Q: Why World War II was considered more destructive than World War I ?

WWII was even worse than the WWI. There was more damage to life and
property. Nuclear weapons were used during WWII which took the life of millions. This war had tanks, air and naval
advanced Technology. Most nations involved were brutally killed.

Q5. What were the impacts/consequences of the World wars on the Indian Subcontinent? (4)

The cost of going to war had destroyed India. As a British colony, all its wealth
was spent on financing the wars. Prices rose, inflation prevailed. India lost hundreds
of thousands of its men who were forced to serve as soldiers overseas. In addition,
the indifference of the British to the Indians ‘plight’ disappointed the Indians.
Q6. According to the source. It shows a symbol of Nationalism. (3)

b. Define Nationalism and what are the ways to promote it? (4)

open ended

Q: After World War II why the series of Nationalist emerged. (3)

Indians felt they had been let down so many times by British they wanted to get rid of the tyranny rule. The
frustration in India had worsened the situation. These situations gave birth to a series of nationalist leaders
advocating freedom and self-rule in India. Indians economic, social and political status was no more.

Q7. Name the two nationalist leaders of INC and AIML. (4)

INC (Indian National congress): M.K Gandhi , Nehru

AIML : Quaid-e-Azam.

Q8. What were the reasons behind the formation of AIML? (3)

The Muslims leaders realized that freedom from the British would hurt their interests as a nation. The Muslim leaders
viewed the policies and decisions of Indian National Congress as damaging for Muslims. The congress party wanted a
unified India and claimed to represent Indians regardless of their religion, but Muslims leaders viewed their policies
and decisions as damaging for Muslims. They formed All India Muslim League in 1906 to represent Muslims. Political
events and increasing distrust had led them to fear that the majority’s preferences could be unduly imposed on large
minority, disrupting the Muslims religious and social freedom and progress.
Q9. Write short note on the struggles/role of any two of the following Nationalists of the Freedom
Movement. (4)

1. Mohammad Ali Jinnah

2. M.K. Gandhi
3. Chaudhary Rehmat Ali
4. The Ali Brothers

REFER T TEXTBOOK FOR THE NOTES FROM 35 TO 40

FOR QUAID E AZAM REFER TO MORE INFORMATION FROM BOOKLET 16-18.

Section C

Q1: According to the source. This image shows different nationalist leaders during Pakistan movement.
(5)

Pretend you are the nationalist during Pakistan movement. Who would you like to be and why?

Open ended

Chapter: 1: Religious Scholar (Shah Wali Ullah, Haji Shariat ullah , Syed Ahmed Barelvi )
2: Enter the British
 SECTION A

Q1. Fill in the blanks. (25)

I. Shah Waliullah wrote 51 books in Persian and Arabic.

II. Shah Waliullah studied under the famous scholar Sheikh Abu Tahir in Arabia.

III. Shah Waliullah’s real name was Qutub-ud-Din .

IV. He wrote letter to Ahmed Shah Abdali of Persia to intervene in battle of Panipat (1761) against Marathas.
V. One of the Shah Waliullah’s most important contributions to the Muslim community was his organization of
opposition to the Marathas.

VI. Syed Ahmed Barelvi was born in 1786.

VII. SASB was more a man of Action than scholar.

VIII. Syed Ahmed Barelvi moved to Delhi and enrolled in the Madrassa in 1806.

IX. Battle of Balakot was fought in 1831.

X. In 1799 (Syed Ahmed) he travelled to Arabia on pilgrimage and stayed there for 19 years.
XI. The Faraizi movement supported the idea of Jihad against the non-Muslims who were undermining the true
principles of Islam.
XII. In 1860 after death of Mohsin ud Din Faraizi Movement declined.
XIII. The Portuguese established a base in Goa in 1510.

XIV. In 1690 a trading post of EIC was established in Calcutta place.

XV. The Battle of Plassey took place in 1757.

Q2. Define the following terms: [12]

All answers on Pg 9 of booklet

i. Jihad:

________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________

ii.Sect:

________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________

iii.Reformer:

________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________

iv. Muhajhid:
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________

v:Dar Ul Harb:

________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________

vi:Hadith:

________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Answer the following:

a.What is meant by term Faraiz? (1)

Observation of Islamic duties.

b. When did the British introduce the Pitt’s India Act? (1)

The British introduced the Pitt’s India Act in 1784.

c. When did the British draw a line between Afghanistan and India and what is the border known as today?
(2)
The British drew the line between Afghanistan and India in 1893 and now the border is known as the Durand line.
d. When did the British annex Punjab and N.W.F.P? (1)
The British Defeated the Sikhs in the second Anglo Sikh war in 1848-49 and annexed Punjab and N.W.F.P.
e. What was the name of the British General, who killed Tipu Sultan and annexed Mysore state?
(1)
Governor General Wellesley.
f. What was Suttee? (1)
The ancient Hindu tradition called 'sati' (or 'suttee'), wherein a widow would burn herself to death on her husband's
pyre, was initially a voluntary act that was considered to be quite courageous and heroic, but it later became a forced
practice. The British Banned Suttee in 1829.
OR
Suttee was a Hindu ritual in which when a husband would die then the wife of that person would be burnt alive with
the dead body of her husband. The British Banned Suttee in 1829.

g. Who was Mir Qasim. Titu Mir (4)

Titu Mir was a Bengali freedom fighter. His real name was Syed Mir Nisar. He was against the oppression of the
Zamindars and the British Colonial System. He raised an army of 15,000 followers and constructed a bamboo fort at
Narkelbaria in October 1831 and defeated the British forces. The British attacked with heavy machinery like; Cavalory
and Canon. Titu Mir and his men could not withstand the power of modern weapons. Titu Mir and his men were died
after a five days’ fight between the two groups.
h. Define the term Dar Ul Harb? (2)

Haji Shariatullah believed that the miserable condition of the Muslims in India led to the country being Dar-ul-Harb.
This meant an area where non-Muslims ruled. Haji Shariatullah said that in such areas Friday and Eid prayers should
not be offered.

SECTION B
Q1. Complete the timeline by writing the correct event. (6)

1703 Shah Waliullah was born.

1718 began teaching in Madrasa Rahimiya

1724 Went to Arabia for Hajj.

1732 Shah Waliullah Returned to Delhi

1762 Shah Waliullah died

1806 Syed Ahmed father died and enrolled to Madrassa Rahimiya

1821 Syed Ahmed went for Hajj

1823 When he returned to Arabia he was ready to take action

1826 Syed Ahmed establish Headquarter near Peshawar

1827 Syed Ahmed was given Authority of Imam

1831 Battle of Balakot

1781 Haji Shariatullah was born

 1799 Syed Ahmed travelled to Arabia for Hajj

1840 Haji Shariatullah died

1856 Nawab of Ouhd died

1761 Battle of Panipat

1612 British were allowed to do trade in India.

1799 Governer General Wellesley invaded Mysore and killed Tipu

Sultan.

1818 Marathas were defeated by British frces and finally forces to

accept British control.

1852 Doctrine of Lapse

1899 Romesh Dutt became president of Congress.

Q2. Write true/false. If the statement is incorrect, write the correct answer.
a) After completing the studies, Shah Waliullah returned to Delhi in 1734.
False 1732
________________________________________________________________________
b) The Ulama criticized Shah Waliullah, but his work proved very popular.
True
________________________________________________________________________
c) The EIC even had the audacity to go to war with Aurangzeb in 1686.
True

d) Titu Mir was a great Maratha freedom fighter.

False Bengali Freedom fighter
e) In 1784, the British government passed the “The Pitts India Act.”
True

f) The Muslims suffered religious restrictions under the rule of Ranjit Singh in Punjab.
True

g) Mohsin-ud-Din died in 1870.

False 1860

h) Yar Muhammad Khan, a Pathan chief betrayed Syed Ahmed Barelvi.

True

i) Syed Ahmed Barelvi launched the Faraizi Movement.

False Haji Shariat ullah

________________________________________________________________________

j) Titu Mir real name was Syed Mir Nisar.

True
________________________________________________________________________
k) Bahadur shah 1 succeeded Aurangzeb.
True
________________________________________________________________________
l) Mohammad Shah ruled the longest amongst the later Mughals.
False Shah Alam
________________________________________________________________________
m) Shah Jahan died in 1666 in Calcutta.
True
________________________________________________________________________
 Q3a. Fill in the blanks with the help of word box. (7)

Ulama Persian Titu Mir

Quranic Shah Rafi Arabic
Urdu Shah Abdul Qader popular

Shah Waliullah believed that an emphasis on Quran teachings was vital to Muslims, he translated Quran in Persian.
Few Muslims spoke Arabic & so the Quran had not widely studied previously. Now it could be understood by a larger
number of Muslims. The Ulama criticised Shah Waliullah, but his work proved very

Popular. Later his two sons Shah Rafi and Shah Abdul Qader translated Quran in Urdu, which meant that many more
people could study it.

b. Complete the following paragraph. (5)

The realization was based on the fact that, despite being many in number, the Muslims of India were going to remain
a minority in comparison to the Hindus. The ratio of Muslims to Hindus was 1:4 at that time. The Congress party
wanted a unified India and claimed to represent Indians regardless of their religion, but Muslim leaders viewed their
policies and decisions as damaging for Muslims.

Q4. Answer the following questions.

a. Explain the reasons why Shah Waliullah invited Ahmed Shah Abdali to come and defeat the Marathas. (4)

One of Shah Waliullah’s most important contributions to the Muslim community was his organization of
opposition to the Marathas, who were a continues threat for the Mughal Empire from the south. Shah
Waliullah realised that the Muslims had to unite in order to deal with the threat. He wrote to all the Muslim
nobles and as a reply for that Ahmed Shah Abdali from Persia joined forces with the local Muslim leaders and
defeated the Marathas at the battle of Panipat in 1761.

b. What did Shah Waliullah think were the main cause of the problem of Muslims? (4)
 He believed that the weak leadership wasn’t only the cause of decline, many problems of Muslims were due
to incomplete knowledge of Quran and about Islam in general. According to him a major problem for the
Muslim community was the way it was divided into sectarian groups, such as Sunnis and Shias.
c. Write a short note on Battle of Balakot. (4)
The battle of Balakot (1831) was a turning point for the Jihad movement and a revolutionary one in the pages
of Sikh history. As Syed Ahmed moved his forces to Balakot in the hopes of liberating Hazara and Kashmir.
Balakot was thought to be safe as it was protected on three sides by mountains. But once again Ahmed
Barelvi was betrayed this time by the local leaders who told the Sikh a way through the mountain, they made
a surprise attack and the battle of Balakot though a contested one was fought. Though the Mujahideen had
been taken by surprised by a much larger army they fought bravely but were heavily outnumbered and
unable to resist the Sikhs. Six hundred Mujahideen soldiers were killed including Syed Ahmed Barelvi and his
commander Shah Ismail.
d. Explain the reasons why he started the Jihad Movement in Punjab? (4)

When he returned from Arabia in 1823, he was ready to take action. At this time, Punjab was under the
control of the Sikh regime of Ranjit Singh, who had also extended his authority into the North West Frontier.
The Muslims suffered under the Sikh rule because they were unable to carry out many of their religious
practices, even the call to prayer was banned in some areas. Syed Ahmed thought that this was intolerable
and decided that Punjab was the place to launch Jihad against non-Muslim rulers.

e. Why did Syed Ahmad’s movement fail? (4)

Syed Ahmed’s movement failed because they were confronted by superior & stronger military army, division
amongst Muslims, betrayals by Muslim army chiefs & the local leaders and the disagreement over taxes.

f. Why British arrested Mohsin- ud- Din? (4)

Mohsin-ud-Din’s opposition to the payment of taxes led to unrest in East Bengal, but he went even further &
threatened to declare a Jihad against the British government. The British arrested him and put him in prison. After
his death in 1860, the Faraizi Movement declined.

g. Explain why Robert Clive was successful in the Battle of Plassey in. 1757. (4)
In 1756 the French provoked the Nawab of Bengal Nawab Siraj-ud-Daula to attack the EIC base at Calcutta. He
attacked and captured the city. After one year in 1757 Robert the British General attacked the Siraj-ud-Daula. Nawab
Siraj-ud-Daula was defeated and the British killed Nawab Siraj-ud-Daula. The British captured the Bengal state. This
was their first victory on the Indian soil. Robert Clive’s victory had been made easy by the treachery of Siraj-ud-
Daulah’s general Mir Jafir. Robert Clive became the governor of Bengal and Mir Jafar became the Nawab of Bengal.

h. Who was Robert Clive? (4)

Robert Clive was a British General who brought lots of benefits to the British Rule. In 1757 Robert Clive bribed Mir
Jafir and defeated Nawab Siraj-ud- Daula and thus British grasped their first victory on the Indian Soil. Robert Clive
became the Governor of Bengal after this war.
j. What was the doctrine of Lapse? (4)
Robert Clive was a British General who brought lots of benefits to the British Rule. In 1757 Robert Clive bribed Mir
Jafir and defeated Nawab Siraj-ud- Daula and thus British grasped their first victory on the Indian Soil. Robert Clive
became the Governor of Bengal after this war.
k. Write down the important work/achievements of Shah Waliullah? [4]

Shah Waliullah is remembered in history as great religious reformer, thinker & scholar, as he tried to bring changes in
the conditions of Muslims which was leading towards decline of the Islamic empire. He worked hard to ensure that
he was role model for other Muslims. He translated the Holy Quran into Persian language, so Quranic teachings
become more accessible to the people. He wrote 51 books in Persian and Arabic.

SECTION C

Q1a. Do You Agree, Doctrine of Lapse was unpopular among Indians? (4)

It was unpopular policy & caused much resentment, especially when it was used just as an excuse to take land, for
example, In 1856 the Nawab of Oudh died and although he had several legal heirs, Dalhousie declared that the
Nawab had governed his people badly and took Oudh under British control. More than anything this act showed how
British control was now dominant in India.

b. Do you agree, Syed Ahmed was a very suitable person to lead opposition to
the British? Explain why? (4)
As a man of action, he was an ideal person to act as a leader to work against British power in India and to try to
ensure that Muslims were ruled by fellow Muslims. He believed that the freedom of Muslims could only come as a
result of armed struggle against the foreign and non-Muslim forces which were oppressing them. He believed that
there was a need to end the evils that had corrupted Islamic society.
c. Do you think Jihad Movement has importance in reference to context with Pakistan Movement?
(4)

The Jihad Movement is regarded by many historians as the fore-runner of the Pakistan Movement in India. Syed
Ahmed’s efforts were an inspiration to all Muslims in defending their religion, their culture and their freedom, since
he too wanted to see a state which was based on the principles of Islam. The Jihad Movement created in the Muslims
the spirit of Islamic nationalism which ultimately led them to Two Nation Theory and establishment of Pakistan.

Q2a. Explain how influential was the work of Syed Ahmed Barelvi to the revival of

Islam In the subcontinent? (7)

Refer to. Pp no 6 &7 (Under the Heading of influence)

OR
Syed Ahmed had a great influence in the revival of Islam. He was the First person to fight against the foreign power
and rule and the first example in Indian history to free Muslims from the tyranny of foreign rule.
The jihad movement of Syed Ahmed is a uniting force for Muslims This movement was not aimed to place a particular
person on a throne but to achieve religious and spiritual freedom. The fact that Syed Ahmed and his followers were
prepared to die for their cause was an inspiration to many Muslims.This movement is also regarded as a very
important move towards achieving an independent and separate state for Muslims even though this was very ahead
of that time. Syed Ahmed's efforts were an inspiration to all Muslims in defending their religion and culture.
Those Muslims who in the future worked for a separate independent state saw Syed Ahmed as an example because
even he wanted a separate independent state for the Muslims.
OR
Q .Why did Syed Ahmad Barelvi call for Jihad to overthrow Sikh rule in the early nineteenth century? (7)
Explains reasons 5–7 (Five marks for one explanation, six marks for two explanations, seven marks for three
explanations)
e.g. • To restore the Muslim faith and, by doing so, achieve religious and spiritual freedom for the Muslim
community • With Punjab under Sikh rule, Punjabi Muslims found it difficult to practise their religion • Syed Ahmad
Barelvi believed that there was a need to end the difficulties facing Islamic society and having identified Sikh rule as
the dominant force in the Punjab targeted them at first.
 b. Explain what were the reasons behind the British success of conquering India? (7)

Refer to answer of pp # 18 (under the weakness of India and strength of British)

OR

Why was Britain so successful in expanding its control of the sub-continent between 1750
and 1850?

This made the position of Governor General a royal appointment. Lord Cornwallis was appointed to this
position in 1786. • A Board of Control replaced the East India Company’s Board of Directors, changing it from
a trading concern to a sovereign body in which the Crown had direct control of Bengal. • A police system was
developed to help in the administering of justice and maintaining law and order.
Other reasons • Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Settlement in 1793 making zamindars of Bengal
landowners, subject to their payment of a fixed sum to the British. In 1793 this amounted to some 10% of the
total sum collected by the zamindars. The Permanent Settlement secured the financial interest of the East
India Company and helped Bengal to become the wealthiest province in India, allowing the British to extend
their control. • Local rulers were persuaded to sign subsidiary alliances by Lord Wellesley who became
Governor General in 1798. The local ruler continued to run their affairs while British soldiers offered
protection. In return for this protection the ruler paid towards the cost of the soldiers and accepted a British
resident adviser. This consolidated Britain’s power in India at little cost and extended British control. • The
annexation of land. Hyderabad and Oudh accepted British protection with a subsidiary alliance. Mysore,
Oudh, Delhi and the Marathas came under British control by the early nineteenth century, followed shortly
afterwards by Sindh and the Punjab.

c. Why did Shah Waliullah have such a major influence on the revival of Islam in the (7)
subcontinent?
Shah Waliullah’s contribution towards Islamic revival was extremely important for a number of reasons. He was one
of the first Muslim thinker to state that decline of the Muslims was due to a neglect of the principles of Islam. He said
that there had to be moral and spiritual regeneration.
The Madrassa Rahimiya continued to play a vital role in teaching Islamic principles and researching Islamic
thought. He also showed that a Muslim revival could only take place if there was an acceptance that sectarian
division was to stop. His writing in Persian made Islamic teachings available to large numbers of Muslims who had not
been able to understand Arabic.
Like all great reformers, Shah Waliullah’s influence continued long after his death. Not only did his writings survive
and translated in many languages. But the Madrassa Rahimiya continued to flourish as his sons carried his work and
teachings.

Explain why Shah Waliullah was an important figure for the Muslim community during the

eighteenth century. [7]

Shah Waliullah’s contribution towards Islamic revival was extremely important for a number of reasons. He was one
of the first Muslim thinker to state that decline of the Muslims was due to a neglect of the principles of Islam. He said
that there had to be moral and spiritual regeneration.
The Madrassa Rahimiya continued to play a vital role in teaching Islamic principles and researching Islamic
thought. He also showed that a Muslim revival could only take place if there was an acceptance that sectarian
division was to stop. His writing in Persian made Islamic teachings available to large numbers of Muslims who had not
been able to understand Arabic.
Like all great reformers, Shah Waliullah’s influence continued long after his death. Not only did his writings survive
and translated in many languages. But the Madrassa Rahimiya continued to flourish as his sons carried his work and
teachings.

d. Did Haji Shariatullah contribute more to the spread of Islam than anyone else in the subcontinent before 1850?
Explain your answer. [7]
Haji Shariatullah • Spread Islam through the Faraizi Movement, which removed Hindu practices from worship and
called on Muslim groups to perform their proper observation of Islamic duties (faraiz). • Aimed to restore the pride of
the Muslim community. A huge group of followers grew called ‘Faraizis’. • The movement alarmed the Hindu
landlords of East Bengal, as the Faraizis in Bengal united against the treatment they had received. ( Refer to influence
part in textbook )
e.g. Syed Ahmad Barelvi • Spread Islam through the Jihad Movement, which became an armed struggle to liberate
the Punjab and the NWF from non-Muslim oppression and was the first example of a movement to restore Muslim
power. The mujahideen fought campaigns to achieve religious and spiritual freedoms.
Shah Waliullah • Believed the Muslims faced problems because of their incomplete knowledge of Islam and the Holy
Quran. To reverse the decline in Muslim power he taught that there needed to be spiritual and moral regeneration
based upon the principles of Islam. • He encouraged the Muslim community to concentrate on Quranic teachings and
translated the Holy Quran into Persian, which was the main language of Muslim groups at that time. He aimed to
provide the inspiration for Muslims to lead a pure life.
e. Was British expansion in India the most important reason for the decline of the Mughal Empire? Explain your
answer. (7)
There are several causes for the decline of the Mughal empire. The major reasons are; the decline was gradual and
although some historians blame Aurangzeb for sowing the seeds of decline, the empire continued for another 150
years after his death.Firstly, the nature of the empire that because of its administration. The Mughals had a very huge
empire which was very difficult to control because of this the emperor could not know what was happening in every
part of the empire. the Mughal empire was huge and within the empire there was an array of different religions. It
should also not be forgotten that it was often true that huge sums were wasted when emperors died and there was a
succession dispute.Secondly, because of the weak control as the wealth influence of the nobility grew so that they
became highly powerful at court and some of the emperors found it very difficult to control them. With weak control
from the centre, the Mansabadari system was not sufficiently supervised and administrative efficiency declined.
Discontent grew and revenue from tax collection declined.Lastly, the arrival of the British. Since the time of Jehangir
the English East India Company tried to take advantage of the wealth to be gained by trade with India. England had
been the first country to experience the industrial revolution. Its industries were producing cheap manufactured
goods which were sold around the world. The weaknesses of the Mughal empire, together with the strength of the
British, meant that the fall of one of the mightiest dynasties in history was almost inevitable.

f. Explain why the British wanted to trade in India from 1600. [7]

Explains reasons 5–7 (Five marks for one explanation, six marks for two explanations, seven marks for three
explanations) e.g. • Reports of immense wealth in the subcontinent led to the British establishing a trading base
there as they saw a profitable future. • The British wanted to establish their influence in the subcontinent and to oust
the Dutch and Portuguese. • The British also wanted to establish a strategic port in the subcontinent that would
protect its trading interests there and in the Far East.
g. Why was Faraizi movement was influential for the Muslims? (7)

He started Faraizi movement to restore the Pride of the Muslims and remove what he thought were the Hindu
practices. Emphasis was placed on praying for past sins and promising to lead a righteous life in the future which had
crept into their worship. He believed that the miserable condition of the Muslims in India led to the country being
Dar-ul-Harb. This meant an area where non-Muslims ruled. Haji Shariatullah said that in such areas Friday and Eid
prayers should not be offered.

He believed that the Muslim community had moved away from true Islamic practice. He wanted them to return to
what he thought was the proper observation of Islamic duties called Faraiz. This was why his movement was called
the Faraizi Movement. This movement also supported the idea of Jihad against the Non-Muslims who were
undermining the true principles of Islam.

The success of this movement caused British and Hindu Landlord’s and they did not want Haji Shariat Ullah to create
difficulty for them by uniting a desire to improve their lives and purify their religion so they drove Haji out of the
reign to Nawabganj in Dhaka where he died in 1840. His work however was carried by his son Mohsin-ud-Din who
continued to improve the position of Muslim in East Bengal and introduced important economic measures.

Importance Work of Haji Shariat Ullah was important to Faraizi Movement because it gave encouragement to
Muslims at a time when they demoralised by oppression suffered from Hindus and British. It also brought about a
spiritual revival which led to a revival in Islamic religion in East Bengal. Hindu influences were removed from Islamic
practices. It might be said that some seeds for the Pakistan Movement were sown by the Faraizi Movement.

Civics

Chapter#16 Positive thinking and values:

Q1. Define positive feelings and identify some positive traits. (4)

Having confidence in yourself, feeling and thinking good about yourself and others are called positive feelings. Some
of the positive traits are: hope, gratitude, courage to act rightly and self-respect and respect for others.
Q 2. Write down the importance/power of positive thinking. (3)

Refer to pg no 114 of textbook.

Positive thinking makes people popular. You are able to solve most of your problems by thinking
positively. Positivity makes you face challenges of life cheerfully, and also makes people around you happy and
contented.

Q 3. How can you think about more positivity in yourself. (5)

Open ended

REFER TO PG NO 112 SELECT ANY 6 OUT OF 12 POINTS.

Q 4. Imagine you are a positive thinker. Write what are the advantages of positivity. (5)

Open ended

Refer to pg no 114 of textbook.

 Review Pack

Geography

Name: ___________________________________ Class: Y7/_____

 Chapter # 3: Conservation of Natural Resources

SECTION A

Q1. Fill in the blanks. (12)

1. Conservation is not just an action it is an attitude.

2. A person who advocates the protection and preservation of the environment and wildlife is
_____conservationist__.
3. Desiccation is cracks in the dried up river bed that cause it to shrink.
4. Energy is obtained from ______fuel_______.
5. When fuel burns, ___energy__________ is released into the atmosphere.
6. Coal, Petroleum and natural gas are ______non-renewable resources__________ sources of energy.
7. ____Depletion____________ means completely used up with nothing left.
8. The United Nations has declared the 2005- 2015 the Water for Life Decade.
9. Water withdrawal means amount of water removed from the system.
10. A large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat e.g. forest or tundra is
called Biome.
11. A dripping tap can waste 380 liters of water a day.
12. The world Bank statistics show that as many as billion people have no access to clean water.

SECTION B

Answer the following questions.

a). Why is there a shortage of water even though 70% of the Earth is made up of water? (2)

Most of the water is sea water, inefficient water management and in places where proper sanitation is not
available, the fresh water can become contaminated and unfit for drinking.

b). What is the average daily human consumption of water in the world? (1)
 Every day we drink about 417 million litres of water

c). Why it is important to conserve natural resources? (5)

Open Ended

For e.g We need to conserve natural resources to ensure that they are available to us as well as to future
generations, so that everyone can enjoy their benefits. These resources belong to all of us equally as does the
responsibility for using them wisely and sensibly.

d). How you can stop water withdrawal as a citizen? (5)

Open Ended.

SECTION C

Q1. Explain, how you can use three R’s for conservation of natural resources with examples. (3)

Open Ended (Refer to pg no 81)

Q2: Think and explain the job of a conservationists? (4)

Open Ended (Refer to pg no 81)

Q3: What do you know about the goals of United Nations? (2)

Open Ended (Refer to pg. no 83)

Q4: If you would be a conservationist, how you will help in conservation of natural resources? (4)

Open Ended (Refer to pg. no 81)

Q5. Do you think water is the most important natural resource? Why? (5)
Open Ended (Refer to pg. no 83)

FOREST

Q1. Fill in the blanks. (10)

1. Pakistan only about 4.8% of the total area forested which is very low.
2. The desired level of forests is 20-30% percent of the total area of a country.
3. Protection forests forest is mainly planted by people and usually linear.
4. Productive forests forest is mainly natural and where tree density is high and canopy is closed.
5. The Mangrove Forest species have gnarled and knobbly knees that protrude above the surface of salty mud.
6. Coniferous /Alpine forest trees features adapt to extreme cold climate.
7. Terracing farming steps are cut into steep hillside and the front of each flat terrace is edge with mud or stone
to hold back the soil and water.
8. Afforestation process of planting trees in a barren land which is devoid of vegetation to create a forest.
9. Contour ploughing is a method in which crops are planted parallel or along the contours to avoid soil erosion.
10. Strip farming is the farming in which two or more crops are grown in the same field.

1: (a) (i) How much of the total area of a country should be forested? [1]

Ans: 20-30 %

(ii) What is the difference between terracing and contour ploughing? [2]

Ans: In terracing the steps are cut into steep hillsides and the front of each flat terrace is edged with mud or stone
walls known as bunds while in cotour ploughing the crops are planted parallel to the contours on the sides of the hill.

(iii) Name an area in Pakistan where terracing and contour ploughing is practiced. [1]
Ans: Northern area ( Swat, Kalaam, )

(iv). Describe two functions of forests. [2]

Ans: Forests are source of timber for the wood based industries like Furniture and paper industries. Forests are also
important as they provide natural habitat for the animals.

(b)(i) Why are the coniferous forests usually found in mountainous areas? [2]

Ans: The coniferous forests are found in the mountainous areas because these forests need cold temperature and
high amount of rainfall.

(ii) Write some uses of the coniferous forests? [4]

Ans: The coniferous forests provide timber for wood based industries. They provide shelter for wild animals. The
coniferous forests increases the scenic beauty of the area and attract tourists from within the country and outside
country. It also protect the land against the soil erosion and land sliding.

_____________________________________________________________________________

(c)(i) What are the reasons of deforestation in the northern areas? [3]

Ans: People cutting the forests for the fuel purposes because there is no natural gas. It can be cut because of the
construction of road and mining activities. The northern areas are having coniferous forests and these are important
for wood based industries so, people cut these forests to feed industries.

_____________________________________________________________________________

(ii) How can deforestation destroy the landscape of the northern areas? [2]

Ans: It destroys the land by turning it into a desert. It also destroy the scenic beauty of the area.

_____________________________________________________________________________

Q1 d. Describe two natural characteristics of mangrove forests. [2]

Ans: The two natural characteristics of the mangrove forests are that it filters maximum salt while absorbing water
from sea because of its special quality of roots. Some mangrove species have gnarled and knobbly “Knees” that
protrude above the surface of the salty mud in which the tree grows.

Q2: Study the given Fig

(a)Describe the distribution of both the areas with natural forests and irrigated forests shown
on the given Fig. [4]

2 (a) (i) ‘Areas with natural forests’ northern mountains/northern NWFP/Northern Area/named area or mountain
range
(some on) Potwar Plateau/Salt Range
western highlands/(western) NWFP/NW Pakistan/Afghan border
northern Balochistan (Plateau)/central Brahui Range
Indus delta/Hab delta/Sindh coast
Below snow line/4500m
Areas with wet climate/rainfall amount?
NOT mountains/hills/highlands etc.

(ii) ‘irrigated forests’ most by rivers/by Indus

6/7 in Punjab/most in Punjab/uip
1 in Lower Sindh/near Hyderabad/lower LIP
1 on border of Punjab and NWFP/confluence of Indus and Gomal
named plantation (max 1) see p 49 Sethi 2nd ed.
Reserve 1 for each group. Float of 2 marks. 4 @ 1

b.There has been deforestation within the areas with natural forests. How has this caused problems for:

(i) communication in the mountainous areas, [3]

*steep valley sides exposed/soil erosion occurs landslides

avalanches

flooding

eroded/broken up/destroyed/telephone wires grounded *

(ii) farming on the valley floors and plains, [3]

*steep valley sides exposed/soil erosion occurs

flooding
irrigation canals/channels blocked
less rainfall
salts in irrigation water – salinity
(coarse) sand and gravel deposited on fields crops destroyed

(iii) hydro-electric (hydel) powers supplies? [3]

*steep valley sides exposed/soil erosion occurs

decreases water/electricity supply/power supply
silt in reservoirs
rivers blocked
less rain
silt in intake pipes/turbines/power plant
 landslides may break power lines

c. Linear plantations are common in many parts of Pakistan.

(i) What is linear planation and where are they found in Pakistan? [4]

definition :in a line planted by man

where found alongside canals/rivers alongside roads/railways along field boundaries etc.

(ii) Explain the purpose of linear plantations. [4]

prevent soil erosion

lower the temperature …

provide shade

fruit/food

firewood/timber

leaves/roofing

to reduce air pollution/make clean air

Q3: Study the given Fig.
(a) What type of forest grows in area F? [1]

Mangrove Saline soil/salt water in soil Tidal regular flooding Trees are adapted to this environment/have aerating
roots/roots filter salt/salt secreted

(b) Why is this type of forest only found in this area? [2]

Saline soil/salt water in soil

Tidal regular flooding

Trees are adapted to this environment/have aerating roots/roots filter

Salt/salt secreted

(c) The area of this forest has decreased in size in recent years. How and why has this affected the local fisheries?
[2]

How: Fewer fish

Roots provide shelter for young fish

Less food

Breeding ground
Q: 4(a) Study the given Fig., which shows a map of forest types in Pakistan.

(i) Name the forest types found in each of the areas A, B and C. [3]

A coniferous / alpine

B riveraine / bela

C mangrove

(ii) Explain why the forest type A grows naturally in cool, hilly areas. [3]

Can tolerate cold (with a thick bark)

Can tolerate poor / thin / dry soils

Can shed snow (with sloping branches etc.)

Can reduce water loss / transpiration (with needle-shaped / waxy leaves)

Can absorb water from melting snow (with shallow roots)

Can save energy (with evergreen leaves)

(iii) Why is it important that forests by the coasts are protected? [4]

Breeding grounds for fish max 2 for fish

Feed amongst roots /

protected by roots Shelter from storms / cyclones / high tides / flooding

Prevents coastal erosion Resource for local people –

wood for houses, boats, food, fruit max. 2 for resource

Habitat / shelter for wildlife

Under threat from oil spills / overcutting / polluted effluent

(b) Study the given Fig.

With reference to the given Fig., explain how deforestation can cause soil erosion. [4]
Soil is exposed / lack of protection from leaves and branches
Surface water flow carried soil away
Lack of infiltration into ground
Less water absorbed by roots / less evapotranspiration
No roots to hold soil
No leaf fall to add humus / fertility
Leaching of nutrients / nutrients lost
No new plants grow

(c) There has been development of forests in lowland areas of Punjab and Sindh using irrigation.

(i) Why is irrigation necessary for new plantation of trees? [2]

Low rainfall / high evapotranspiration

Seasonal rainfall

Irregular rainfall / rain not dependable / makes a regular water supply

Keeps the soil wet / prevents soil erosion

Root system needs to grow

 (ii) Study the given Fig., which shows a coniferous tree.

Explain how this type of tree has adapted to the climatic conditions it grows in. You should develop your

answer. [4]

page# 75 of the text book.

Ideas showing how the tree has adapted to the climate such as:

• Evergreen – no need to renew leaves / short growing season;

• Compact conical shape – stabilises the tree in windy conditions / releases snow / prevents snow accumulation;
• Needles instead of leaves – reduces moisture loss;
• Tall / straight trunk – in order to grow straight towards sunlight;
• Cones – protect seeds during cold months;
• Downward pointing branches – allows snow to easily fall off;
• Shallow root system – as soils are thin / subsoil is frozen for most of the year;
• Long / wide spreading roots – helps to anchor the tree against strong winds;
• Thick bark – protects from cold winds. Etc. Note: One mark for identification of appropriate idea and a further mark
for development (in parentheses). Note: Max. 2 marks if no development.
MINERAL
Q1. Fill in the blanks. (10)
1.Open cast Mining in which the first layer of earth is removed by shovels and
excavators and minerals are taken out.
2. An inorganic natural substance and one of the natural resources of a country is called Mineral.
3. Adit mining is a process in which a horizontal tunnel is dug into the earth crustto reach the mineral seam. It is
usually done in hilly area.
4. Shaft Mining is a form of underground mining using shafts driven vertically from the top
down into the earth to access ore or minerals.
5.Cement is used for lining of canals, making dykes in agricultural fields, building of reservoirs for irrigation etc.
6.Metallic Minerals minerals are rather more precious as they are used as raw material in high value industries.
7.Cement is made from the raw material like limestone gypsum and clay.
8.Chromite metallic mineral gives hardness and electrical resistance to steel.
9.In Wad area the quality of chromite is lumpy in nature and of high quality.
10.The chromite mining was started in year 1903.
Q 1. (a) Study Figs 3 and 4 which give information about the extraction of three metallic
minerals in Pakistan in 2010–11.

(i)
(ii)How much iron ore was extracted in 2010–11? [1]

329000tonnes (accept 327000tonnes to 331000tonnes)

(iii) State the difference between the type of information being provided in Fig. 3 compared to
that in Fig. 4. [1]

Fig. 3 shows quantities/amounts/tonnes whereas Fig. 4 shows proportions/share/percentages of the total

amount (Bar v Pie alone = 0)

(b) (i) Give one use for the mineral chromite and name one area where it is extracted in
Pakistan. [2]

Uses in steel/bridges/railway carriages/furnace linings/tools

Areas are Muslimbagh /Zhob (Valley)/ Wad

(ii) What are the benefits of extracting mineral resources for local people and the national
economy.
[4]
Local people Employment opportunities
Higher/more stable incomes
Higher living standards/settled lifestyle
Business opportunities for local/ancillary industries/services
Improvement to local infrastructure such as roads/electricity (infrastructure alone = 0)
Local use of raw materials with example (do not double mark raw material in national
economy)

National economy
Raw material for named sectors of economy, e.g. energy, construction, agriculture, industry
Named raw material
Industrialization / industry developed
Revenue/taxes for government
Export earnings/contributes to balance of payments/source of foreign exchange/ exports
increase Reduces national debt/deficit
Reducing imports
(iii) Explain the effects of mineral extraction on the natural environment. [4]
Deforestation to clear land
Destroys habitat/wildlife/plants
Land deformation/destruction/destroys land
E.g. holes/pits/depressions/tips/spoil heaps/flooding
Ash waste/ash ponds/toxic waste
Subsidence even after mining activity finished
Noise pollution from machinery/blasting/scares/disturbs wildlife
Air pollution from dust and smoke
Water pollution – seepage into ground water/rivers/seas
Q2(a) Study Fig.3, which shows limestone and rock salt extraction.

(i) Describe the distribution of limestone extraction in Pakistan. [3]

Widespread
NWFP-Punjab border/Potwar Plateau
N(E) Baluchistan
S Sindh/near Karachi
Central Sindh

(ii) Limestone and rock salt are both called ‘bulky goods’. What is the cheapest form of
transport for these goods? [1]

Railway
 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

(b) Nearly one million tons of rock salt was extracted in Pakistan during 2002.

(i) What is the mixture of rock salt and water called? [1]
Brine

(ii) What rock salt is used for in Pakistan? [2]

Cooking, preservation, soda ash, bicarbonate, caustic soda for tanning, textiles and laundries
Table salt
(Credit 2 uses, or one with development)

Q4. (a) Study Fig.1 which mineral extraction in 2008 in Pakistan.

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

(i) Name two minerals shown on Fig that are used to make cement. [2]

1. Limestone

2. Gypsum

(ii) State two uses of Rock salt. [2]

Do not credit vague answers such as ‘food’ ‘chemicals’ ‘textiles’ ‘pharmaceuticals’ etc.
Two of the following (there may be others)
Food - Flavour, preserving, curing, table salt
Textiles - dyeing, bleaching, water softening,
Chemicals - Soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, artificial rubber,
Misc.- Tanning, household cleaner, fire extinguisher, artificial rubber, roads etc.

(iii) State the amount of Gypsum extracted. [1]

640 - 680 thousand tonnes

Study Fig.2 which shows chromite extraction in Pakistan.

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

(i) Describe the change in extraction from 1992 to 2008. [2]

Increases overall
Variable overall / 1992-2008
comment on fall and rise from 1992-97/98
variable 1998 – 2004/5
Rises from 2004-2008 / sharp rise in 2007
Secondary peak 1996-1998 / rises then falls 1996-1999
Lowest 1994
Figures to illustrate one of the above (max 1) eg. 28,000-115,000 tonnes 1992-2008

(ii) Suggest why the extraction of minerals varies from the years 1992 to 2008? [3]

Investment /
funding Demand /
orders Bankruptcy / companies leave
Problems with machinery Reserves reducing /new reserves exploited /geological problems
Terrorism

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

(b) Study photograph A, which shows a quarry in Pakistan.

(i) Use the photograph and your own knowledge to describe the environmental problems that
can be caused by mineral extraction. [4]

From photograph - loss of vegetation / deforestation

Land deformation / piles of rocks /pits
Loss of soil
Dust
Own knowledge-smoke / gasses
Soil erosion
Loss of farmland / grazing / no cultivation
Holes / pits etc.
Noise / vibration (reserve one mark for reference to photograph)

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

(ii)How can these problems be reduced? [4]

Laws / legislation+ details

Tree planting / screens + details
Land restoration + details
Personal health and safety – eg wearing masks against the dust, ear defenders, regular medical
checkups, etc (allow up to two marks for each line)

(iii)To what extent can more extraction of minerals resources help to increase development
in Pakistan.
[3]

Increase trade / exports / reduce imports

Raise GDP/GNP/ increase the economy
Increase employment
Raise taxes/ government earnings
Foreign investment
Rural development
Industrialisation / more industry
Better infrastructure + example
Provides more fuel or raw material + example.
Education / skills Against

Lack of funds
Lack of machinery / technology
Unattractive to investors
In remote areas
Lack of infrastructure ( but do not double mark)
Competition from other countries / other countries safer
Environmental damage
Lack of skills / expertise

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

d. (i) List few of the problems faced by the Mining Industry of Pakistan. [3]
Answer on Pg 89

i.

ii.

iii.

iv.

v.

vi.

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

FISHING

Q1. Fill in the blanks.

(11)

1. Pakistan has a coastline divided into Sindh and Makran coast.

2. In Sindh, Karachi is the main fishing center.

3. On the Makran coast Gwadar is the most important fishing spot

4. Fish farms are rectangular man-made ponds for breeding fish.

5.Subsistence fishing is when the fisherman and his family consume the fish they catch.

6.Fish waste is used to make fertilizer and poultry feed.

7.The development of the value added products such as canned or frozen fish by providing fish
processing facilities.

8.The coastal wetlands are considered productive areas they provide nutrients to the
organisms living in marshy lands.

9.Fish communities started fish breeding and this is called fish farming or Aqua culture.

10. Sustainable fishing means leaving enough fish in the ocean, respecting habitats and
insuring people who depend on fishing can maintain their livelihood.

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

Q2: Study the given photograph which shows part of a fish farm at Faiz, south of Multan.

(i) Describe the lay-out and features of the fish farm. [4]

flat area

flooded

banks (of earth)/bunds

about 1 metre high fields

(scattered) trees/bushes on banks

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
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(ii) How has the physical topography of the area made it easy to construct the ponds?
[3]
Farming using natural rainfall/flooding
can only be carried out after flooding/must wait for floods
farmers have no control of water supply/rain variable
seasonal /continuous cropping rarely possible
higher banks/bunds have to be built to hold as much water as possible when it comes
(usually) can only grow coarser grains/millet (bajra)/sorghum
(jowar)/pulses
lower yields/output
variable yields/outputs
further floods could destroy seedlings/standing crop
less advanced/traditional methods
annual floods supply nutrients
smaller farms
(iii) Where has the material come from that has been used to make the banks of the
ponds? [1]

From the area dugout for the ponds

(b) Why is fish farming of growing importance in Pakistan? Credit will be given if you name a
species of fresh water fish reared on fish farms. [4]

Fish bred:

Grass/Moore/Rahu/silver/palla/trout/carp

Why:

- Growing population

- Lack of protein in diet/important part of the diet

- Education on nutrition
- Fish are rich in protein/low in cholesterol
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- Provides alternativePakistan
income International
for farmers School Jeddah English Section

- Provides employmentDepartment of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

- Water available from irrigation schemes/lakes/reservoirs

Q:3 (a)(i) Name two fishing ports on the coast of Balochistan. [2]

Jiwani, Gwadar, Pasni, Ormara, Sonmiani

(ii) Name two types of marine fish caught by fishermen. [2]

Shark
Herring
Drum
Mackerel
Croaker ,Sardine ,Cat fish ,Pomfret ,Skate Ray
(iii) Describe subsistence fishing methods. [3]

Small/wooden boats
Sailing/rowing boats
Traditional/hand made nets
Coastal only
Lack of machines/simple engines
Rod and line method
Fish kept in baskets of ice
(iv) Explain how these methods can be improved to make fishing commercial. [4]

Engines
Gill netters/nylon nets/stronger nets
Can go further offshore
Radios
Chilled storage on boat
Trawlers
Loans for ---
Education/training for------

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
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(d)(i) How can fish be stored and processed onshore? [3]

In ice/cold storage/refridgerated
Gutted
Canned
Dried
Frozen
Salted
Fish-fingers/other product
Fish oil
(ii) Why is fish processing called ‘value-added’? [1]

Can be sold for more money/more profit

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
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(e) Study the given Fig., a graph comparing the production of marine and inland fisheries in
Pakistan.

(i) Compare the changes shown in the graph.

Both increase
Marine increases more than inland/faster than inland
Marine increases/continuously but inland had little increase until early 1970s
Inland increased to nearly 10 times bigger/marine only 5 times bigger
Comparative figs (max 1) – units not required [3]
(ii)Explain why more people are employed in inland fisheries than marine fishing.

More people live near rivers, lakes etc.

Maintenance of ponds
Hatcheries
Feeding
Harvesting (catching)
Transport
Government encouragement/loans etc. [3]

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Qf: Study the given Fig., a map of environmental damage in Pakistan.

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

(i) Locate one area of

A unsafe drinking water [1]

Makran coast/Gwadar district, SE Sindh, W Balochistan

B marine pollution

Indus delta, Karachi, Korangi, Port Qasim [1]

(ii) Explain how this pollution affects fishing. [2]

contamination of sub-soil water and irrigation,

contamination of mangrove environment,

toxic chemicals cause mutation and death,

entering food chain,

oil kills seabirds

Qg: Study the given Fig., which shows the weight of marine fish caught 1996–2006.

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 Pakistan International School Jeddah English Section
Department of Pakistan Studies [Session 2022-23]

(i) Suggest two reasons for this decrease. [2]

Over-fishing
Water pollution / oil spills etc.
Loss of breeding / shelter / feeding areas (i.e. mangroves)
Fishing in closed season / when breeding
Fishing by boats from other countries

(i) Describe how the weight of fish caught changed in the years between 1996 and

2006. [3]

Increases and decreases / fluctuates

Highest in 2002
Two peaks
Lowest in 2006
No increase since 2003 / decline from 2004
Max and min. figures (only)
(ii) Describe how marine fishing methods can be improved. [5]

Boats with engines

Can go further offshore
Can stay at sea for several days
Cold storage on boat
Mechanised equipment / winches
Nylon / bigger / stronger/ nets or ropes
Weather forecasts
Sonar to locate fish
Satellite navigation
Training / education

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 PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL JEDDAH ENGLISH SECTION
Final-Term Exam 2022- 2023

Q1: Study the given Fig., which shows a map of the coast of Pakistan.

(i) Name on the map, two of the ports shown. [2]

Pg 97. Fig 6.2 Jiwani, Gawadar, Pasni, Ormara and Karachi.

(ii)Name two types of fish caught in the sea near Pakistan. [2]

1 sharks 2 Drums

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Q2 Study the given Fig., which shows the contribution to Gross National Product (GNP) of the
fishing industry in Pakistan.

(i) What was the contribution to GNP of the fishing industry in 2010? [1]

56 million rupees

(ii) By how much has this figure increased since 2006? [1

26 million rupees

(iii) What is meant by ‘over-fishing’? Why does it occur? [3]

over-fishing is when more fish are caught than replaced naturally

too many fish caught
small fish caught
too young to breed
caught in breeding season.

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3: (a) Describe fish marketing in Pakistan. [3]

Page 102

(b) State three ways in which fish can be stored and processed before sale. [3]

(1) Fish can be stored in ice storages or refrigeration facility.

(2) Fish can be salted and dried.

(3) Fish can be packed in canned form after processing.

(4) Fish oil can be extracted from fish and fish meat can be frozen.

(c)(i) A. Name a species of fish reared on a fish farm. [1]

Salmon, tuna, cod, trout, shrimp

B. Give two uses for the products of fish farms. [2]

• Fish is source of nutritious (healthy) white meat and has low cholesterol.

• Oil extracted (taken out) from fish is source of nutrition.

• Fish waste is used to make fertilizer and poultry feed.

(ii) Describe the methods used to rear fish on fish farms. [3]

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Final-Term Exam 2022- 2023

iii: Why is water pollution a major problem in the fishing industry? [4]

(1) Overfishing has decreased quantity of fish catch in sea; many types of fish have became extinct.

(2) Water pollution and oil spills have affected fish production.

(3) Loss of breeding areas and shelter due to deforestation of mangrove forest.

(4) Fishing is closed in breeding season.

(5) Fishing on large scale by foreign boats in marine water of Pakistan.

(6) There is a ban on canned fish of Pakistan by Western countries

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Final-Term Exam 2022- 2023

iv:Study the above Fig.

Explain the problems of fishing industry in Pakitan? [3]

Refer to pg no 103

Water pollution,Threat to Mangrove, Lack of Financial Resources,over fishing .

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