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Investigation GR 11 2024

Mathematics (Xolani Senior Secondary School)

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SURNAME AND NAME

SCHOOL

DUE DATE

BCM EDUCATION DISTRICT

GRADE 11

INVESTIGATION

TERM 1 : 2024

MARKS : 50

TOPIC : TRIGONOMETRY - REDUCTION FORMULAE

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DERIVING REDUCTION FORMULA

➢ Reduction formula are used to reduce a ratio of any angle to a ratio of an acute angle.

➢ The formula you will use are 180° ± 𝜃 ; 360° ± 𝜃 ; 90° ± 𝜃 and –𝜃 .

➢ If 𝜃 is an acute angle ,the terminal arm of

• 180° − 𝜃 will lie in the second quadrant.

• 180 ° + 𝜃 will lie in the third quadrant .

• 360° − 𝜃 will lie in the fourth quadrant.

• 360° + 𝜃 will lie in the first quadrant.

• −𝜃 will lie in the fourth quadrant.

➢ In trigonometry , angles in the Cartesian plane are measured from the positive
𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

• Positive angles are measured in an anticlockwise direction.

• Negative angles are measured in a clockwise direction

1. REDUCTION FORMULA FOR FUNCTION VALUES OF 180° − 𝜽

In the figure P(√3,1) and P’ lie on the circle with radius 2 . OP makes an angle 𝜃 = 30° with

𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

1.1 If P’ is the reflection of P about the y – axis (the line 𝑥 = 0) .Determine the
coordinates of P’ (2)

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1.2 Write down values of (i) sin𝜃 =

(ii) cos𝜃 = (3)

(iii) tan 𝜃 =

1.3 Use the coordinates of P’ to determine (i) sin(180° − 𝜃) =

(ii) cos(180° − 𝜃) = (3)

(iii) tan(180° − 𝜃) =

1.4 From your results determine a relationship between the trigonometric ratio
of (180° − 𝜃) and 𝜃 (1)

1.5 Complete the following reduction formulae

sin(180° − 𝜃) =

cos(180° − 𝜃) = (2)

tan(180° − 𝜃) =
/11/

2. REDUCTION FORMULA FOR FUNCTION VALUES OF 180° + 𝜽

In the figure P(√3,1) and P’ lie on the circle with radius 2 . OP makes an angle 𝜃 = 30° with

𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

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2.1 If P’ is the rotation of P 180° through the origin . Determine the coordinates
of P’ (2)

2.2 Use the coordinates of P’ to determine (i) sin(180° + 𝜃) =

(ii) cos(180° + 𝜃) =
(3)
(iii) tan(180° + 𝜃) =

2.3 From your results determine a relationship between the trigonometric ratio
of (180° + 𝜃) and 𝜃 (1)

2.4 Complete the following reduction formulae.

sin(180° + 𝜃) =
(2)
cos(180° + 𝜃) =

tan(180° + 𝜃) =
/8/

3. REDUCTION FORMULA FOR FUNCTION VALUES OF 360° − 𝜽 and 𝜽

In the figure P(√3,1) and P’ lie on the circle with radius 2 . OP makes an angle 𝜃 = 30° with

𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

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3.1 If P’ is the reflection of P about the x – axis (the line 𝑦 = 0) .Determine the
coordinates of P’ (2)

3.2 Use the coordinates of P’ to determine (i) sin(360° − 𝜃) =

(ii) cos(360° − 𝜃) =

(iii) tan(360° − 𝜃) =

(iv) sin(− 𝜃) = (6)

(v) cos(− 𝜃) =

(vi) tan(− 𝜃) =

3.3 From your results determine a relationship between the trigonometric ratio
of (360° − 𝜃) and – 𝜃 (2)

3.4 Complete the following reduction formulae.

sin(360° − 𝜃) = sin(− 𝜃) =

cos(360° − 𝜃) = cos(− 𝜃) = (2)

tan(360° − 𝜃) = tan(− 𝜃) =
/12/

4. REDUCTION FORMULA FOR FUNCTION VALUES OF 360° + 𝜽

(360° + 𝜃) completes the revolution of 360° and then continues to give an angle of 𝜃 .

The terminal arm of (360° + 𝜃) will coincide with the terminal arm of 𝜃.

Complete the following reduction formulae.

sin(360° + 𝜃) =

cos(360° + 𝜃) = (3)

tan(360° + 𝜃) =

5. REDUCTION FORMULA FOR FUNCTION VALUES OF 90° − 𝜽

In the figure P(√3,1) and P’ lie on the circle with radius 2 . OP makes an angle 𝜃 = 30° with

𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

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5.1 If P’ is the reflection of P about the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 .Determine the coordinates of P’

(2)

5.2 Use the coordinates of P’ to determine (i) sin(90° − 𝜃) =

(ii) cos(90° − 𝜃) = (2)

5.3 From your results determine a relationship between the trigonometric ratio of
(90° − 𝜃) and 𝜃 (2)

5.4 Complete the following reduction formulae.

sin(90° − 𝜃) =
(2)
cos(90° − 𝜃) =

/8/

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6. REDUCTION FORMULA FOR FUNCTION VALUES OF 90° + 𝜽.

In the figure P(√3,1) and P’ lie on the circle with radius 2 . OP makes an angle 𝜃 = 30° with

𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

6.1 If P’ is the rotation of P 90° anticlockwise through the origin . Determine the
coordinates of P’ (2)

6.2 Use the coordinates of P’ to determine (i) sin(90° + 𝜃) =

(ii) cos(90° + 𝜃) = (2)

6.3 From your results determine a relationship between the trigonometric ratio of
(90° + 𝜃) and 𝜃 (2)

6.4 Complete the following reduction formulae.

sin(90° + 𝜃) =
(2)
cos(90° + 𝜃) =

TOTAL /50/

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