Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BACHELOR OF COMMERCE
Submitted by
NAME REG. NO
GODSON T 20201271301116
HARI PRAKASH S 20201271301324
IYAPPAN M 20201271301120
JASPER CHRISTHU DOSS J 20201271301123
Under the guidance of
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE,
ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE,
PALAYAMKOTTAI.
April – 2023
Dr. B. Felix Francy, M.Com., Ph.D., SET., M.B.A.,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Commerce,
St. John's College,
Palayamkottai.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled "A STUDY ON
TOURISM IN KANYAKUMARI: A LAND OF BREATHTAKING
NATURAL WONDERS" is a bonofide record of the project work done by
GODSON T., HARI PRAKASH S., IYAPPAN M., and JASPER CHRISTHU
DOSS J Students of the Department of Commerce, St. John's College,
Palayamkottai, under my guidance.
It is also entitled that the above work is an independent and original work
of the candidates and has not previously formed the basis for the award of a
degree, diploma, or similar title.
External Examiner
DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATES
We praise and thank the almighty God for showering his blessings upon
me to complete this project on time and without any difficulties.
We sincerely thank the respondents to the study. Our hearts are full of
thanks to our parents, family members, friends, and well-wishers for the support
they extended throughout the period of our project work.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
1-6
I INTRODUCTION
REVIEW OF LITERATURE 7 - 11
II
12 - 19
III AREA OF PROFILE IN
KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT
FINDINGS, 45 - 46
V
RECOMMENDATIONS
AND CONCLUSION
APPENDIX – SURVEY
QUESTIONNAIRE
LIST OF TABLES
However, tourism growth also poses several challenges, including the need
for proper planning, infrastructure development, and sustainability. The Tamil
Nadu Tourism Development Corporation is responsible for tourism management
in Kanyakumari district, but the involvement of various stakeholders such as the
government, local communities, and the tourism industry is also critical.
1
1.2 Tourism - The Concepts
Tourism today is not only an entertainment activity but it has also been
recognized by the world as an industry. It has a tremendous potential for earning
foreign exchange, employment, increasing tax revenue and promoting business
activities like transport, fruit production, agriculture, crafts, hotel industry,
entertainment and productive services.
Tourism is one of the economic sector in India which has the potential to grow
at a high rate and can ensure consequential development of the infrastructure of
the destinations. It has the potential to stimulate other economic sectors through
its backward and forward like agriculture, horticulture, handicrafts, transport,
construction, etc. The particular significance of tourism industry in India is its
contribution to national integration and preservation of natural as well as cultural
environments and enrichment of the social and cultural lives of people like
preservation of monuments and heritage properties. This sector is also helping the
traditional art forms, crafts and culture.
2
1.3 Statement of the problem:
3
1.4 Need for the study:
The tourism industry plays an important role in the development of the Indian
economy. It earns more income for the government. Kanyakumari district
occupies a unique place among the tourist centres of India. There are several
places of social, cultural, historical, and religious significance. Tourism in
Kanyakumari district has contributed to the overall growth of the district. Beach,
Sunset Point, Vivekananda Rock, Thiruvalluar Statue, Padmanabhapuram Palace,
Thirparapu Falls, Chitharal Jain Temple, etc. are the main attractive places in
Kanyakumari district. Tourism brings with it a spurt of employment
opportunities, both directly and indirectly, for many people. Its pleasant climate,
rivers, beautiful hills, forests, coconut groves, paddy fields, rubber estates, and
wonderful flower gardens are substantial ecological factors for the growth of
tourism. It connects social, cultural, religious, and economic factors. Hence, there
is a need to focus on all these factors that are related to the tourism industry in
Kanyakumari district. This study made an attempt to analyse the tourism industry
in Kanyakumari district.
The study relates to the tourism industry and the tourists who are visiting
Kanyakumari. It covers all the components of tourism industry namely locale,
accommodation, transport and other infrastructural facilities and it cover the
growth of tourism industry in Kanyakumari.
4
1.6 Objectives of the study:
1. To assess the potential of natural resources in Kanyakumari, to promote
tourism as an industry.
2. To examine the barriers and threats to tourism industry.
3. The growth of domestic tourists visiting Kanyakumari district, and
4. The preference and experience of tourist attractions in Kanyakumari
district.
5. To offer findings and suggestion of the tourism in Kanyakumari district.
1.8 Methodology:
1.8.1 Sources of Data and Period of Data.
The sources of data are based on both primary data and secondary data.
➢ Primary Data:
Information obtained from the original source through
research is called Primary Data. They offer much greater accuracy and reliability.
The data was collected from 50 persons, those who were visited the Kanyakumari
district through the structured questionnaire and interview.
5
➢ Secondary Data:
It means data that are already available, i.e., it refers
to the data that have already been collected and analysed by any other person.
The data was collected from the sources of websites, books, journals, magazines,
articles, etc. Period of three months (February–April) for which the statistical
results have been collected and to which the data refer.
1.8.2 Sample selection and it's justification.
Stratified random sampling accurately reflects the population being
studied because researchers are stratifying the entire population before applying
random sampling methods. In short, it ensures each subgroup within the
population receives proper representation within the sample. Due to time
constraints, we used stratified sampling, and the majority of target respondents
were students.
A review of the related literature provides the researchers with new frontiers
of knowledge and serves as a source of inspiration. It deepens the insight of the
researchers to the extent that the design of the study could become more
appropriate and purposeful.
01. Xavier Font (2009) analysed the ethical reasons for tourist destinations
to follow market-led or supply-oriented strategies when developing tourism as an
economic option. Economic, Environmental and Social issues will be used to
exemplify the consequences of either pure strategy. The article argues that there
is a need to take into account the public sector, the private sector, non-profit
organizations and the residents in order to design sustainable tourism strategies.
02. Yang Wang and Geoffrey Wall (2007) assessed the social impacts of a
tourism-caused displacement case at a destination where tourism is being
promoted as a regional development strategy and planned in a top-down fashion.
Deficiencies in implementation and compensation resulting from the
administrative arrangements are pointed out and planning-oriented
recommendations are offered to help to mitigate the pain of indigenous
populations in future tourism development and related dislocation projects.
03. Sacratees, J., and Paramasivan, G.P. (2008) found that the share of
India in the global tourism has improved slightly to more than 0.5 percent. The
growth in visitor exports‘ of spending international tourist in likely to be the
7
fastest in India at 14.3 percent per annum over the next decade. Though ranked
low in the tourist arrivals, India has something to cheer about. The ranks 21st in
terms of foreign exchange earnings from tourism. The country has received an
amount of $8.9 billion in 2009. It is revealed that the fee from the year 2003 was
under estimated being in the rank of 26 per cent to 36 per cent. Moreover, the
extent of under estimation was increasing over the years.
06. Robinson, H. (2006) has pointed out that tourism industry is affected by
seasonality. Seasonality means that tourism plant is frequently used for only a
limited part of the year and this clearly is uneconomic.
07. Douglas (2015) has opined that natural resources including climate are
very good tourism assets. It is also stated that even though no conventional
method is available for its measurement, logical techniques can be applied in the
area.
8
08. R.B.L. Garg (2016) in his study on the ills of Indian tourism confronted
with certain very serious problems. Among the major problems listed down,
growing insecurity to the lives of tourists occupies a place of predominant
significance. In the course of his discussion on this point Garg makes an allusion
to scare among tourists about rail travel. The incidents such as the looting of
foreign tourists that occurred in a train near Agra are still fresh in their memory.
Then he goes on to deal with problems such as poor hygiene and sanitation in
hotels and restaurants, unscrupulous shop keepers, foreign exchange racketeers,
dishonest tax collectors and sneers of religious fundamentalists and fanatics.
09. Prakash Adnur (2009) has studied precisely the issues and problems
involved in promoting tourism in an integrated manner. He has brought out the
general potential and also discussed the measures to be adopted to reach the
optimum travels in this intricate area with promising rewards. This work could
be rated as a path breaking one in the sense that a number of dimensions of the
tourism industry were examined from the demand side also.
9
11. Vivek Sharma (2006) makes a study about the socio economic
importance of tourism. Notably, tourism has come to be accepted as a catalyst to
economic development and as a potent tool for social integration and foreign
exchange earner. The author stresses that economic importance of tourism can be
studied in relation to its contribution to increase the income, foreign exchange
earnings, employment, return on investment and conservation of resources.
12. Murphy, Peter E. (2006) points out that tourism is more profitable for
both the industry and community. Business can develop better profit margins and
more competitive prices if their committed capital investment is used over a
longer period. Communities can benefit from larger sales tax and longer
employment periods.
13. Vivek Sharma (2016) adds one more dimension to this analysis. In his
opinion, apart from the advantages of better interaction with the people of other
countries, tourism is beneficial as foreign tourists spend about 30 percent of their
money on shopping. The tourist traffic gives a boost to production of handicraft
products of Small and Village industries and has its spin of effects on all village
industries. These ideas have been upheld also by K. Shiva Shankar Bhat.
14. V.K Gupta (2008) has produced a good work with details of places with
tourists attraction and facilities in India in a region wise pattern. He has given
useful ups to tourists and hotel services. The leading merits of a number of places
in India have been listed by this author. He provided useful suggestion also to
tourists in his work.
10
trips away from home and the industry which has developed in response to this
activity.
16. Sinha S.L.N., (2016) in his article “Tourism Industry Needs Revamp”
estimates that tourism industry needs revamping. The steps taken to so far include
creation of new tourist destinations, simplification of visa procedures, promote
adventure tourism, creation of separate cadre of immigration officials and
liberalization of air charters guidelines.
17. Suhita Chopra (2017) in his book, “Tourism and development in India”
has emphasized economic, social, physical, and cultural impact on tourism in
Khajuraho. The study show that tourism has opened new employment
opportunities in Khajuraho. He has discussed the tourist characteristics,
particularly their spending patterns; identified the needs of the different groups of
tourists and examined tourist profile as it relates to destination impacts.
18. Hunt, J.D., and Layne, D., (2008) noted, the temporary movement of
people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the
activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities
created to cater to their needs.
19. Ameen A.M. (2006) points out that the economic gains of tourism include
the direct as well as indirect effect of expenditure on tourism. Tourism generates
foreign exchange for the host countries and it has emerged as the largest single
item in the world’s foreign trade. Tourism provides employment on a large scale.
The ratio of employment to capital in this industry is amazingly high.
11
CHAPTER III
AREA OF PROFILE IN KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT
Area of the Profile in Kanyakumari district.
3.1 Introduction:
Apart from these, Kanyakumari also boasts many other interesting landmarks
and tourist spots, such as the Thiruvalluvar Statue, Suchindram Temple,
Padmanabhapuram Palace, and the Gandhi Memorial. With its rich cultural
heritage, scenic beauty, and historical significance, Kanyakumari is a must-visit
destination for travellers visiting South India.
12
3.2 Tourist Places
1. Padmanabapuram Palace:
13
The waterfall is formed by the Kodayar River, which flows through the
Western Ghats and cascades down from a height of around 50 feet. The waterfall
is surrounded by lush greenery and offers a picturesque view, making it a popular
destination for nature lovers and photographers.
Visitors can enjoy a refreshing dip in the pool formed by the waterfall,
which is believed to have medicinal properties and is said to be good for the skin.
The area around the waterfall also has several walking trails and picnic spots,
making it an ideal location for a day trip with family and friends.
3. Thiruvalluvar Statue:
14
4. Vivekanandar rock memorial:
15
Mahatma Gandhi Mandap is a memorial dedicated to Mahatma Gandhi, the
Father of the Nation, located in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India. The mandap is
built on the spot where the ashes of Mahatma Gandhi were kept before they were
immersed in the sea.
The mandap is designed in the form of an Oriyan temple and is built on a
raised platform overlooking the sea. It consists of a central dome that is supported
by four pillars, and houses a statue of Mahatma Gandhi.
Visitors can also enjoy a panoramic view of the sea from the mandap, which
is particularly spectacular during sunrise and sunset.
6. Mathoor Hanging Bridge:
16
7. Chittar Dam:
The Chittar Dam is a popular tourist destination known for its picturesque
surroundings and tranquil atmosphere. The dam is surrounded by lush green hills
and forests, which make it an ideal destination for nature lovers and adventure
seekers.
17
tip of India, in the state of Tamil Nadu. The temple is dedicated to the Hindu
goddess Kanyakumari, who is considered to be an incarnation of the goddess
Parvati.
The temple is situated on the seashore and is known for its unique
architecture and stunning views of the sea. It is believed that the temple was built
by the Pandya kings in the 8th century AD. The temple was renovated and
expanded by various rulers over the centuries, and it is now a major pilgrimage
destination for devotees of the goddess Kanyakumari.
9. Kanyakumari beach:
The beach is situated at the confluence of the Arabian Sea, the Indian Ocean,
and the Bay of Bengal, which makes it a unique location. It is one of the few
places in the world where you can see both the sunrise and the sunset from the
same spot.
The beach also has several food stalls and shops selling souvenirs, making
it a perfect place to spend an evening with friends and family.
18
10. Tsunami Memorial Park:
The Tsunami Memorial Park is a memorial and park located in the town of
Kanyakumari, in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. The park was established to
commemorate the victims of the devastating Indian Ocean tsunami that struck the
coast of South India in December 2004, claiming the lives of over 8,000 people.
The park also has a large monument in the shape of a wave, which is
engraved with the names of the victims who lost their lives in the tragedy. The
monument also has a wall of remembrance, where visitors can pay their respects
to the victims and offer prayers.
The Tsunami Memorial Park is not only a place of remembrance but also a
symbol of hope and resilience. It serves as a reminder of the strength and courage
of the people who survived the tragedy and rebuilt their lives from the ruins.
19
CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Table 4.1 Classification of respondents based on their age level.
6%
8%
10%
76%
18 – 25 26 – 32 33 – 39 40 and above
Interpretation:
The above data shows that 76% of the respondents are in the age
group between 18 and 25, and 6% of the respondents are in the age group of 40.
It signifies that the majority of the respondents belong to the age group between
18 and 25.
20
Table 4.2 Classification of respondents based on their Sex.
46%
54%
Male Female
Interpretation:
The above data shows that 54% of the respondents are female and
46% are male. It signifies that the majority of the respondents are female.
21
Table 4.3 Classification of respondents based on their Marital Status.
16%
84%
Married Unmarried
Interpretation:
The above data shows that 84% of the respondents are unmarried
and 16% are married. It signifies that the majority of the respondents are
unmarried.
22
Table 4.4 Showing number of respondents from Kanyakumari district.
24%
76%
Resident Tourist
Interpretation:
23
Table 4.5 Showing number of times visited Kanyakumari District.
26%
36%
18%
20%
Interpretation:
24
Table 4.6 Showing reasons for visiting Kanyakumari district.
16% 10%
2% 12%
60%
Interpretation:
25
Table 4.7 Showing who recommends Kanyakumari district to you as a
tourist destination.
8%
2%
4%
4%
82%
Interpretation:
26
Table 4.8 Showing your satisfaction with the trip to Kanyakumari district.
18%
50%
20%
12%
Interpretation:
The above data shows that 50% of the respondents are satisfied
with the trip to Kanyakumari district, and 12% of the respondents are not satisfied
with the trip to Kanyakumari district. It signifies that the majority of the
respondents are satisfied with their trip.
27
Table 4.9 Showing the highlights of your trip to Kanyakumari district.
8%
6%
4%
56%
26%
Interpretation:
It clearly shows that 56% of the respondents are happy with the
place they visited, and 4% of the respondents like the accommodation facilities
available there. It clearly shows that the majority of the respondents liked their
overall trip.
28
Table 4.10 Showing the areas that should be improved in Kanyakumari
district.
18%
24%
30% 20%
8%
Interpretation:
29
Table 4.11 Showing the number of people who will recommend
Kanyakumari district as a tourist destination to others.
8%
92%
Yes No
Interpretation:
30
Table 4.12 Showing people whether they try local foods in Kanyakumari
district.
16%
84%
Yes No
Interpretation:
The above statistics show that 84% of the respondents tried local
food during the trip, and 16% had not tried local food. It clearly shows that the
majority of the respondents have tried the local food of Kanyakumari.
31
Table 4.13 Showing the number of people who participate in
Cultural/Religious events during their trip.
26%
74%
Yes No
Interpretation:
32
Table 4.14 Showing whether any communication problems are faced by
them during the visit.
20%
80%
Yes No
Interpretation:
33
Table 4.15 Showing the number of people who purchased local crafts.
26%
74%
Yes No
Interpretation:
34
Table 4.16 Showing the interest of people in whether they will return to
Kanyakumari district in the future.
16%
84%
Yes No
Interpretation:
35
Table 4.17 Showing the people's experiences of sunrise and sunset at
Kanyakumari Beach.
6%
38%
56%
Interpretation:
It clearly shows that more than half of the respondents, i.e., 56%
of the respondents, rated sunrise and sunset as a nice view, and 6% rated them as
a normal view. It signifies that the majority of the respondents like the sunrise
and sunset.
36
Table 4.18 Showing the number of people who feel safe and secure in
Kanyakumari district.
18%
82%
Yes No
Interpretation:
The above data shows that 82% of the respondents felt safe and
secure during their visit, whereas 18% did not feel safe and secure. It signifies
that the majority of the respondents felt safe and secure during their visit.
37
Table 4.19 Showing whether any difficulties or challenges are faced by the
people in Kanyakumari district.
30%
70%
Yes No
Interpretation:
It clearly shows that 70% of the respondents did not face any
difficulties or challenges during their visit to Kanyakumari district, whereas the
balance (30%) faced difficulties and challenges during their visit to Kanyakumari
district. It signifies that the majority of the respondents did not face any
difficulties during their survey.
38
Table 4.20 Showing whether people have got a boat experience in
Kanyakumari district.
28%
72%
Yes No
Interpretation:
The above data shows that 72% of the respondents have gone on
a boat ride during their visit to Kanyakumari district, and the balance (28%) have
not gone on a boat ride during their visit. It signifies that the majority of the
respondents have gone on the boat ride.
39
Table 4.21 Showing experience of people at the Thiruparappu Falls.
2%4%
26%
30%
38%
Interpretation:
Most of the people, i.e., 38% of the respondents, are satisfied with
the thiruparappu falls, whereas 2% feel poor regarding their visit. It signifies that
the majority of the respondents are satisfied with their visit.
40
Table 4.22 Showing whether people visited Pilgrimage places in
Kanyakumari district.
38%
62%
Yes No
Interpretation:
41
Table 4.23 Showing the number of people who recommend visiting
Kanyakumari district season wise.
10%
26%
30%
34%
Interpretation:
42
Table 4.24 Showing the people's experience of visiting the Vattakottai fort.
2%
2%
14%
14%
68%
Interpretation:
43
Table 4.25 Showing the people's experience of cleanliness and hygiene in
Kanyakumari district.
6% 4% 10%
28%
52%
Interpretation:
More than half of the respondents, i.e., 52%, are satisfied with
the cleanliness and hygiene in Kanyakumari district, whereas 28% are neutral,
10% are highly satisfied, 6% are poor, and 4% are very poor.
44
CHAPTER V
FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Findings
● The age group 18 – 25 accounts for around 76% of all questionnaire
respondents, with the remaining groups accounting for 24%.
● 84% of the respondents are unmarried, and the rest, 16%, are only married.
● 76% of the respondents are tourists, and the balance 24% of respondents
are residents of Kanyakumari district.
● 36% of the respondents are first-time visitors, whereas 64% of visitors have
visited more than once.
● More than half of the respondents, i.e., 60% of the people, visited for natural
scenery.
● Only 12% of the people are not satisfied with their visit.
● More than 60% of people are recommended to visit during the winter and
spring seasons.
45
5.2 Suggestion
● Most of the respondents are not happy with the cleanliness of the place, the
infrastructure facilities, or the public transportation offered. So the government
needs to take proper action to solve the problems.
● Only 20% of the people didn't feel safe and secure during their visit. As a
result, the police must provide adequate protection.
● Around 10% of the people aren't happy with the hospitality available. So
the hospitality needs to be improved.
5.3 Conclusion
From the overall study the investigator finds and analyzed there are more
employment opportunities in particular district at the same time the economy of
Kanyakumari is higher than any other districts in Tamil Nadu. There are more
foreign and domestic tourists are visiting. The service provided by the tour
operators and travel agencies in this district is not satisfactory. The government
should take necessary action to regulate the travel and tour operators. Tourism
will generate more foreign exchange if the government takes to improve the
tourist destinations. Kanyakumari also famous for handicrafts like sea shells and
allied products etc and their economy, standard of living, per capita income in
increasing only because of tourism.. In this district Female are getting more
employment opportunities.
46
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
Journals/Articles
Websites
● https://kanniyakumari.nic.in/
● https://www.kumaritourism.com/
● https://www.wikipedia.org/
● https://www.academia.edu/
● https://www.tamilnadutourism.tn.gov.in/
ANNEXURE
QUESTIONNAIRE
01. Name:
02. Age:
a) 18 – 25
b) 26 – 32
c) 33 – 39
d) 40 and above
03. Gender
a) Male
b) Female
09. How satisfied were you with your trip to Kanyakumari district?
a) Satisfied
b) Dissatisfied
c) Average
d) Excellent
10. What were the highlights of your trip to Kanyakumari district?
a) Places you visited
b) Food and Dining Experience
c) Accommodation
d) People and Culture
e) Transport
11. What were the areas that could be improved in Kanyakumari district?
a) Infrastructure
b) Public Transportation
c) Safety and Security
d) Hygiene and Cleanliness
e) Others
14. Did you participate in any cultural or religious events during your trip?
a) Yes
b) No
15. Did you faced any communication Problems during the visit?
a) Yes
b) No
18. How was your Experiences in Sunrise and Sunset in Kanyakumari Beach?
a) Normal
b) Nice View
c) Magnificent Scenery
19. Did you feel safe and secure during you stay in Kanyakumari district?
a) Yes
b) No
20. Did you face any Difficulties or Challenges during your visit in Kanyakumari
district?
a) Yes
b) No
24. Which Season would you recommend for visiting Kanyakumari district?
a) Summer
b) Winter
c) Spring
d) Rainy
25. How was your Experiences in visiting the Vattakottai Fort?
a) Highly satisfied
b) Satisfied
c) Neutral
d) Poor
e) Very poor
26. How was your Opinion about the cleanliness and Hygiene in Kanyakumari
district?
a) Highly satisfied
b) Satisfied
c) Neutral
d) Poor
e) Very poor
27. What Suggestion would you give to improve the Tourism facilities in
Kanyakumari district?