KISII SCHOOL

GENETICS REVISION QUESTIONS

1..In cattle the gene for red hair (designated R) and that of white hair (designated W) are
codorminant. When a red haired bull was mated with a white haired heifer, a roan calf was
obtained in F1
a)Work out the phenotypic ration when the F1 are selfed. (4Marks)
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b) What are sex linked genes? (1 mark)
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c) Name two sex linked traits in humans (2marks)

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2.In Drosoophila melanogaster, the inheritance of the eye colour is sex linked. The
allele is dominant. A cross was made between a heterozygous red eyed female and a Work out
the phenotypic ratio of progeny generation while using a
Punnet square, (Use R to represent the allele for red eye colour. (5 marks)
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3.What is multiple allelism? (1 mark)
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4. A pure breeding black male mouse was mated with a pure breeding brown female mouse. All
the offspring had black coat colour.
(i)Explain the appearance of black coat colour in the offspring. (1 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii)If the black parental mouse was mated with a mouse that is heterozygous for coat colour,
work out the genotypic ratio of offspring. Show your working. (4 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii)State two disorders in human beings that are as a result of chromosomal mutation.
(2 marks)
5.The figure below is a pedigree showing the inheritance of colourblindness, a disease transmitted
through a recessive gene located on the X-chromosome.
1 2

KEY
Normal male
3 4 5 6
Colourblind male

Normal female male

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Colourblind male 7 8
a)Using the symbol N for normal gene and n for colourblind gene, write down the genotypes

of parents 1 and 2. (2marks)

(b)Work out the possible genotypes of the children 3, 4 and 5. (4marks

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6. In an experiment, a variety of garden peas having a smooth seed coat was crossed with a
variety having a wrinkled seed coat. All the seeds obtained in the F1 generation had a smooth
coat. The F1 generation was selfed. The total number of F2 generation was 7324.

Using letter R for the dominant gene;

(a) Work out the genotypes of the F1 generation (4 marks)

(b) Work out the following for F2 generation;

(i) Genotypic ratio (1 mark)

(ii) The total number of wrinkled seeds (2 marks)
(iii) Phenotypic ratio (1 mark)
7.. The pedigree chart below illustrates the inheritance of muscle dystrophy in a given family.

a) Suggest the possible genotypes of individual 2 and 4.Use the letter D to represent the gene for normal
muscle formation. (2marks)
(b)Explain why there are no male carriers (2marks)
(c) Work out the genotypes of the offspring’s from individual number 4 and an inflicted male.(4marks)

(a) Distinguish between a genotype and a phenotype. (1 mark)

(b) A couple with normal skin pigmentation had three children but their second born was an
albino. Using letter A to represent the gene for normal skin colour,work out the genotypes of
their children using a genetic cross.(4 marks)

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(c) Apart from albinism, state other three disorders in humans caused by gene mutation. (3marks)
8(a) What is meant by the term mutation? (1mark)
(b) State two examples of continuous variation in human being. (2marks)
9. A heterozygous male for the rhesus gene marries a homozygous Rhesus positive. The allele
for the presence of Rhesus gene is Rh+ and for its absence is Rh-. Determine the genotypic ratio
of their F1generation. (Show your working) (5marks)
10.A man who is normal for skin colour characteristic marries a woman who is also normal for
skin colour characteristics. They have seven children out of which two are albinos.
a) What causes albinism. (1mark)
b) Using a cross with letter (A and a) for normal skin colour gene and albino gene respectively,
show how the children could have resulted. (4marks)
c) If the woman is pregnant, what is the probability of her giving birth to an albino (1mark)

11. Mwalimu Andrew of Mwisho wa Lami High school quarrels with his wife Fiolina over the
identify of their child. Andrew is heterozygous blood group A and Fiolina is homozygous blood
group B. The child born is of blood group 0. Andrew has sued Fiolina for divorce over
infidelity. Does Andrew have a chance of winning the case? Show your working. (4 marks)

12. A transmission of Rh+ve blood was given to a patient of Rh-ve blood. After one week a similar
transfusion was given to the same patient. What was likely to be the effect of the second
transfusion? (2 marks)
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13.State two consequences of gene mutations. (2 marks)
14.A pure breeding black male mouse was mated with a pure breeding brown
Female mouse. All the offspring had black coat colour.
(i)Explain the appearance of black coat colour in the offspring.
(1 mark)
(ii) If the black parental mouse was mated with a mouse that is heterozygous for coat colour,
work out the genotypic ratio of offspring. Show you’re working (5 marks)

(iii) State two disorders in human beings that are as a result of chromosomal mutations.
(2 marks)
15. In an investigation plants with red flowers were crossed with plants with white flowers. All the
plants in the F1 generation had pink flowers. When the F1 plants were selfed, he counted 480 plants in
F2 generation.
a) Using letter S and H, work out the cross between the F1 plants to get the F2 generation.(4marks)

b) Give the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the F2 generation. (2marks)

phenotypic ratio:

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genotypic ratio:

c) How many plants in the F2 generation had pink flowers? Show your working. (2marks)

16 a) What are the multiple alleles? (1mk)

b) A pure black male mouse was mated with a pure breeding brown female mouse. All the
offspring had black coat colour.

i) Explain the appearance of black coat colour in the offsprings. (1mark)

ii)If the black parented mouse was mated with a mouse that is heterozygous for coat colour, work out
the genotypic ratio of offspring. Show your working. (4mks)

iii) State two disorders in human being that are as a result of chromosomal mutation. (2mks)

17In humans, hairy ears are controlled by a gene on the Y chromosome.

a) Using letter YH to represent the chromosome carrying the gene for hairy ears, work out a
cross between a hairy eared man and his wife. (4marks)
b) (i) What is the probability of the girls having hairy ears? (1mark)
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in b (i) above. (1mark)
c) Name two disorders in humans that are determined by sex-linked genes. (2marks)
18.In a family with four children the father had blood group A while the mother had blood group
B. One of the children had blood group O.
(i) What are the genotypes of the parents
Mother (1/2mk)
Father (1/2mk)
(ii) What is the genotype of the child with blood group O? (1mk)
Work out the genotypes of the other children. (4mks)
What is the genotype of the child who can receive blood from all the other members of the
family? (1mk)

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State the percentage of c1. (a) (i)axis vertebra;
(ii) Dorsal;

(b (i) odontoid process/peg;

(ii) Anterior articular facet/prezygapophysis;
(iii) Posterior articular facet/postzygapophysis;

(c)(i) Atlas;
(ii) Normal/Standard/Generalized cervical vertebra;
(ii) Side to side movement of the head;

2.(a) Genotype is the genetic constitution of an organism while a phenotype is the outward
appearance of an organism;
Parental phenotype male with normal skin colour female with normal skin colour
Parental genotype Aa x Aa ;

hildren who can do..... a) Conditions in which a heritable characteristic is determined by more than two
variant
forms of the same / single gene.
(1mk)
i) Gene for black coat colour /brown colour gene recessive over gene for black colour.
(1mk)

ii) Parental genotype B B x B b; ;

Gametes ;
B B B b

F2 generation genotypes BB Bb BB Bb ;

Genotypic ratio 1BB: 1Bb;

Acc Use of Punnet square;

nate blood to all blood groups(c) Sickle cell anaemia;
Colour blindness;
Haemophilia;
;

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 (iii) Cartillage that separates bone P ad Q
(1mk)

Parental gametes;

F1 offspring

KISII SCHOOL

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SERIES BIO FOR LIFE TERM ………………………YEAR………………………………

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………STREAM………………

1.What is ecology (1mark)

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2.state the meaning of the following ecological terms ( 6marks)

a)Population

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b)Community

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c)Ecosytem

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d)Carrying capacity

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e)Habitat

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f)Biomas

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3.Distinguish between autecology and synecology (2marks)

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4.What are abiotic factors (1mark)

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KISII SCHOOL

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SERIES BIO FOR LIFE TERM ………………………YEAR………………………………

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………STREAM………………

1 Differentiate between predation and competition (1mark)

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2.Give a reason why two species in an ecosystem cannot occupy same niche (2marks)

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3.Explain two ways in which prey organisms are suited to avoiding predation (2marks)

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4.How does a parasite differ from a predator (2marks)

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5.Explain why denitrification occurs mainly in water logged soils (2marks)

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6.How is aerenchyma tissue adapted to its function (1mark)

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KISII SCHOOL

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SERIES BIO FOR LIFE TERM ………………………YEAR………………………………

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………STREAM………………

1. Two herbivorous mammalian species were introduced into an ecosystem at the same period
and in equal numbers. The population growth during their first seven years. Study the graph
and answer the questions that follow.

a)Which species is better adapted to the ecosystem. Give a reason. (2marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Account for the shape of the curve for species a between.

i)One and a half years (11/2years) and three and a half years (31/2 years). (2marks)

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ii)Three and a half years (31/2 years) and seven years (7yrs) (2 marks)

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c)A natural predator for species A was introduced into the ecosystem.Giving a reason explaining
how the population of each spicies would be affected (2marks)

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KISII SCHOOL

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SERIES BIO FOR LIFE TERM ………………………YEAR………………………………

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………STREAM………………

1. The diagram below represents a food web in a certain ecosystem.

a) Name the trophic level occupied by each of the following: (1mark)

i) Caterpillar………………………………………………………………………………………
b) From the food web, construct two food chains which end with lizards as tertiary consumer.

(1 mark)
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c) i) Which organisms have the least biomass in this ecosystem? (1 mark)
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ii) Explain the answer in c(i) above. (2 marks)
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d)Differentiate between pyramid of numbers and pyramid of biomass (2marks)
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e)Name the most suitable method for determining population of the following ( 3marks)
a)Fish in a dam…………………………………………………………………………………….
b)Lions in a game game reserve…………………………………………………………………..
c)plant species along river ………………………………………………………………………..

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 KISII SCHOOL
SERIES BIO FOR LIFE TERM ………………………YEAR………………………………

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………STREAM………………

1.State two features of xerophytic habitats (2marks)

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2.account for the following features of xerophytes (2marks)

i)Sunken stomata

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ii)Hairy epidermis of leaves

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3.Name two ecosystems in which mesophytes are found (2marks)

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4.Account for each of the following feature of mesophytes (2marks)

i)Presence of waxy and glossy surfaces on leaves

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ii)Presence buttress and prop roots in some mesophytes

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5.How are leaves of submerged hydrophytes adapted for photosynthesis (2marks)

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 KISII SCHOOL

SERIES BIO FOR LIFE TERM ………………………YEAR………………………………

NAME……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………STREAM………………

1.Halophytes experience physiological drought explain ( 2marks)

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2.Name the organism that causes ( 4Marks)

Cholera

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Amoebic dysentery

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Typhoid

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Malaria

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3.Name the organism that transmits malaria (1mark)

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4.state three adaptations of roundworms to its parasitic mode of life (3marks)

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3. The chart below represents the flow of nitrogen in the ecosystem

Free nitrogen in

the atmosphere

Bacteria X Bacteria Y Gas

Nitrates in A Plant protein B Animal protein

the soil

(a) Name the bacteria labeled X and Y ( 2 marks)

(b) Name the gas M

(c) Name processes A, B and C

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 (a) State the bacteria involved in the process named C

1.The chart below represents the flow of nitrogen in the ecosystem

Free nitrogen in

the atmosphere

Bacteria X Bacteria Y Gas M

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 Decomposition

Nitrates in A Plant protein B Animal protein

the soil

(a) Name the bacteria labeled X and Y ( 2 marks)

(b) Name the gas M

(c) Name processes A, B and C

(b) State the bacteria involved in the process named C

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…4, a) Species A; because its population is higher/grew faster than that of species
b) i) Exponential phase/rapid increase in the population; due to
- Many reproducing individuals/ no competition for food, space, shelter/more births than
deaths/adaptation.

ii) Plateau phase/No further increase in population; due to

- Competition for resources such as space/food, shelter sets in/rate of birth equal death
rate;

a) The population of species A reduced; population of species B increase; based on the

assumption that A and B share the same ecological niche; population of species A
reduced; population of species B remain the same; if the two specie’s do not share the
same niche.
……………………………………3. (a) X- Nitrifying bacteria

Y- Denitrifying bacteria

(b) Nitrogen gas

(c) A- Assimilation

B- Consumption

C- Nitrifying

4. a) i) primary consumer;
ii) Primary consumer /secondary consumer; (2 mks)
b) Green plants caterpillar small insect lizards;
Decaying leaves caterpillars small insect Lizards;
c) (i) Hawks; (1 mk)
(ii) At each trophic level energy is lost as heat (respiration); and during decomposition; Heat is also
lost in
defecation/faeces/waste product of metabolism/excretion; some parts of the body are not eaten.
hence less
biomass as one move up the trophic levels; 4mks(max3mks)

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