e.

Given, S= (x:x is a consonant in the word HOSPITAL}

Inthe word HOSPITAL, Consonants are H,S, P, T, L.
Therefore, S={H, S, P,T, L} (Roster form)
S={consonant in the word HOSPITAL} (Descriptive form)
Example 3: Represent A={X:x=3a +7, 5<a<10, ae N) usingroster method.
Solution: We have an algebraic expression 3a +7, where the value of natural number'a' is given
to be 5 <a<10.Substituting the value of aas 6, 7,8 and 9,we can represent set A
using
roster method as A={25, 28, 31,34).
Example 4: Write set A- *:x= 2a+ 1, a<5and a eW} in the roster form and also in descriptive form.
Solution: Whole numbers less than 5are 0, 1,2,3,4, so we put a =0, 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively in
X=2a+ 1.
When a =0’X=1, Whena=1X= 3, When a =2x=5, When a =3 ’x=7,
When a=4’X=9
.:. A={1,3, 5, 7, 9} (Roster form) and A={odd natural numbers less than 10} (Descriptive form)
Example 5: Represent the following by rule method.
a. P={42, 49, 56, 63) b. Q={2, 3,5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19}
n: a. P={42,49, 56, 63} b. Q= {2, 3,5,7, 11,13, 17, 19}
According to rule method, According to rule method,
P=x:xis a multiple of 7, 35 <X<70} Q=x:xis aprime number, x<20}

Practice 10.1
State which of the following collections are sets.
6. Collection of best footballplayers. Collectionof 3 odd natural numbers divisible by 6. 1
e Collection of best comic magazines. e Collection of beautiful students of INDIA. X
Collection of even natural numbers less ! Collection of four poor people in Delhi.
than 30.
g. Collection of multiples of 6. t. Collection of al factors of 36,
Collection of three weak students of aclass. j Collection of average studentsof aclass.
IfB= {prime numbers less than 20}, thenfillin the blanks with an appropriate symbols e or e.
A. 2 3 . . .B b. 17..E .....
c. 13e
á. 7 e 29 B

I 8. Write the following in roster form.

E=xx= 4a +5, a<5and a eN) F={x|x=7a-2,3sas10and a e N}
G=(x|x= 2n, ne N P= {xxis an even number andx<10}
eQ=yly is a letter in the word'PERIMETER) S=ylyis amultiple of 7and 0sys 100}

149
 Represent the followingsets using the rule method.
9 A={Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday} J. B={September, October, ,November,
C={E, A, R, T, H}
1 11 1
e D={7,14, 21, 28, 35}

F=(1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24}

,Decembe,
46810
I$ Write the followingsets usingthe set-builder form.
The set of odd integers less than 15. The set of multiples of 6less
G The set of all consonants in the word
HYDERABAD. than 90.
The set of all vowels in the
word
The set of all factors of 54. The set of all the prime AGENT
between 80and 100, numbers lying

Types of Sets
Finite Sets
A
set that contains a definite or
countable number of distinct elements is called a finite set.
For example,
a.
A={1,2,3,4, 5} b. B={0}
Infinite Sets
C.
C=June, July}
A set that contains an
For example,
uncountable number of distinct elements is called an infinite set.
a. A={1,2, 3,4, 5, ...) b. B=x:x is a whole number
Empty Sets C. R={8, 16, 24, ..
The set which has no
element iS called an empty set or a
null set. It is denoted by
For example,
{}. Remember
" It is very
a. important
that {0} and
to
{0} are notkeep
anullinset
A={x:x is a number on a die, x> 6}
b. B={x:xeN, x<1} (1.e., empty set) because both the
sets have one element each.
Singleton Set As the empty set has no elements
Aset therefore, is afinite set.
containing only one element is called a
For example, (7) and fxx is an
even prime
singleton set
Cardinal Number of a Finite Setnumber} are singleton sets, as they contain only oneeleme
The number of
members in a is
set A is denoted by n(A). For set called the
A={A, B, C, D, E, F, G}
example, cardinal number of the set. The numberof!
The number of elements in the
cardinal
set is 7.
Cardinal number of set A=n(A) =7
b. B= (x:XEN, X< 6}
:. B={1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ’n(B) =5 Remember
As we kr haye
solved Examples
Example 1: Classifythe following sets as finite, infinite or empty set.
a. P={Month of ayear that comes between June and July} b. Q=(1,3, 5, ..15)
1000}
C. R={counting numbers between 3 and 4} d. S=(natural numbers greater than
e. T=(mltiples of 5) f. V={y:y is a city in India)
Solution: a. Emptyset because there is no month that comes between June and July.
b. Finite set because the odd numbers between 5 and 15 are countable and they are 7,9, 11, 13.
c. Empty set because there is no counting number between 3and 4.
d. Infinite set because there are infinite natural numbers greater than 1000.
infinite.
e. Infinite set because the multiples of 5are 5, 10, 15,20, ..., which are
f. Finite set because there are countable cities in India.
Example 2: Determine the cardinal number of the following sets.
a. A={2,4, 6, 8, 10}
b. B={allodd natural numbers less than 40, but divisible by 7}
C. C=x:x is an even number less than 50 and divisible by 5}
d. D={all even natural numbers greater than 10}
e. Q=allvowels in the word MARIA}
Solution: a. A={2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
It has 5 different elements. Therefore, n(A) = 5.
b. B={allodd natural numbers less than 40, but divisible by 7}
={7, 21,35}’ It has 3 different elements.
.. n(B) =3
c. C=(x:x is an even number less than 50 and divisible by 5}
Therefore, C={10, 20, 30,40}. It has 4 different elements, .:. n(C) =4.
d. D={alleven natural numbers greater than 10} ={12, 14, 16, ...}
Since, it has infinite number of elements, therefore, n(D) is not defined.
e. Q={allvowels in the word MARIA}
": Vowels in the word MARIA = A,|
’Number of vowels = 2
.. n(Q)=2

Practice 10.2
. State whether the following sets are finite or infinite.
A={1,2, 3, 4, 5} U. B=(a:a=be
b
N
c={0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ... c D=(-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2,...!
E=x:xeN} t. F=kis a multiple of 5and xis less than 15} I
Lgr G={a:a= ,neN) bl={x:xisthe prime factor of 150}
3
J=fx:xeN and xis a composite number < 20}
151
i 2 State whetherthe following sets are empty or not.
B={month of ayear between November b C={x:xis a prime factor of 16}
and December}
D=(even multiples of 14} d. E=(repeated vowel in the word HATRICK)
F=(x:x is a letter in the word NARESH} G= {oddmultiples of 4}
V3. Determine the cardinal number of each of the following sets.
The set of hours in a day b The set of prime numbers less than 30
The set of scientists; Raman d P={Even natural numbers between 13 and 25)
Bhabha and Einstein
K= {Letters in the word MADAM} X=fx:x is an odd prime number less than 40
Y={x:x is arepeated vowel in the word A= (x:x 0s a consonant in the word RUSSIA:
MANORMA}
R={prime factors of 90} S={natural numbers greater than 1 and less than ).
<6andneN
k T={x:xe Zand -8<Xs 2}

Maths Genius
Catch Me
This game can be conducted in a bigger room. Make a few index cards with one set notation
symbol on each one of them.For replicas to be available, youwill need one card per student.
Trytokeep the numbers of each symbolequal. Write the six sets as given below on the board.
A={1,3, 5}; B={2, 4, 6}; C={0}; D={0, 1, 2}; E=(3, 4, 5}; F={6}
Distribute one card to each student. Stand at the board and ask students to stand ina line
against the opposite wall of the room. Call out instructions for students to move towards you
based on their card identification. For example,
" Move one step forward, if yourcard displaysa set of even natural numbers less than 8.
" Hop forward twice, if your card is a singleton set.
The first student to reach you takes your place while the other students return to the starting
place. Play if time allows by swapping leaders each time a student reaches the leader.
Continue the game with adifferent set of index cards and a different set of questions covering
the concepts in the chapter.

Project
Create a report on any of the following topics:
E-commerce website/app Sports statistics website Supermarket store
Find howdifferent sectionsare divided on the website or the store. Pick some of the
sections youprefer and represent thesection inset form. Make your report creative and
interestingwith pictures.
 Revision Exercise
Fill in the blanks.
1.
ITPiS the set of allthe letters of the word OUEEN, then its cardinal number will be
2. IfQis a set of all whole numbers less than zero, then Q is known as. set,
3 IfK= {odd integer}, then 10 K
4
IfR=(month of ayear startingwith letter'F', then cardinal number of set Rwill be
5. The set S={2,4, 6, 8, ..Jis known as set.
Choose the correct option.
1. {0} and (0} are not empty sets, because each of these sets
have:
a. no element b. one element
C two elenments d. more than two elements
2. If Ais the set of allthe letters of the word
BENGAL. then its cardinal number willbe:
3
b. 4 C. 5 d. 6
3. The method of representation used in set A={x:xisamonth of ayear
having 31 days} is called:
a. roster method b. set-builder method
G. description method d. botha and b
4. The cardinal number of the empty set is:
a. 3 b. 2 C. 1 d. 0
5 The roster method of representation of the statement 'Alleven
natural numbers less than 30and
divisible by 3' will be:
. a. (6, 12, 18,24)
c.
b. x:x is an even natural number less than 30
{All even natural numbers less than 30 and and divisible by 3}
divisible by 3} d. none of the above
6. IfB=iy:y is the prime number less than 36), then
cardinal number of set B will be:
a. 14 b. 11 C. 15 d. 12
7 A={month of ayear that comes between July and August} is an example of:
a. n(A) =0 b. finite set C. empty set d. allof these
8. If A=(x:xis a letter of the word FREQUENCY}, B={x:xis a
letter of the word AEROPLANS}, then the
cardinal number of both the sets are given by:
a. n(A) = n(B) =9 b. n(A) =8, n(B)= 7 C. n(A) =6, n(B) = 7 d. n(A) =9, n(B) =8
9 IfA=(x:x is a factor of 128), B={x:xis a natural number less than 9), then their cardinal numbers will DE
same b. different C zero d. none of these
10. Which among the following is true, ifA ={factors of 24}?
a. 8A b. 10¬A C. 12A d. 6eA

154
Subjective Questions
1 State which of the following collections are sets?
a. Rich people living in Delhi
b. Collection of all poor people of Maharashtra
c. Collection of all pencils in a classroom
d. Collection of all good names in a directory
e All ICSE schools in India
f. Collection of best badminton rackets
Collection of four favourite football players of India
2. IfS={2,4,6, 8, 10}, then classify the followingstatements as true or false.
d. 10eS e. 10 S f. 4¢ S
6¬ S b. 8 S C. 9eS

Write the followingsets in a roster form.

A={x:xis a letter of the word NUMBER} b. B=x:x=4n,n eW andn<4}
C C={prime factors of 24} d. D={x:x is a colour of rainbow}
e E={y:y=X+3, xeNandx<6} f. F=(x:x=y+4,ye Wandy<5}
Write the following sets in set-builder form.
a. P={all days of aweek} b. Q= {allvowels of the word MEMBERSHIP}
C. R={even whole numbers less than 20} d. A=-28, -14, 0, 14, 28}

5. Write the following sets in descriptive method.

A={x:Xe W and x<60} b. E=x:xeN, 14<x<48 and x is divisible by 4}
G. B={4, 8, 12, 16, ...) d. D={-4,-3,-2, -1,0,1, 2, 3, 4}
lassify the followingsets as finite or infinite. Also mention if any set is an empty set.
Natural numbers between 5 and 6.
b The set of all odd numbers greater than 4.
C. The set of alleven prime numbers.
d. Set of all odd natural numbers divisible by 2.
e. Set of all whole numbers greater than 13 and less than 30.
f. Set of all integers greater than -8 and less than 0.
g. A={x:x is a decimal number between -10 and 0}
h. Set of integers between two consecutive integers
i. M={0}
7. Determine the cardinal number of the following sets.
a. A=(x:xis a prime number between 20 and40} b. B=X:xis a vowel in the word TEXTBOOK;
C. C={x:xis a consonant in the word ATTENTION} d. D=y:yeN and y<10}

155
 Now, 2-=34 and 4 1 15
4 4

4 15
Thus, 2-:4-4 4
Now, convert the two fractions to like fractions.
4x4 15x 3
(since, LCM of 3 and 4 is 12)
(3x4)' (4x3)
= 16:45
1
b. 3.5:2 5
Now, 3.5 :2-35,11 1 (10-1)
10 5

Now,convert the fractions to like fractions with denominators 10.

35 11 x2 (since theLCM of 10 and 5= 10)
10 (5x 2)
=35:22
height?
Example 3: In asociety,the height of two buildings are 20 m and 40 m. What is the ratio of their
Solution: Required ratio =20:40=1:2
Hence, the ratio of their height is 1:2.
Example 4: Ina city of 8000 people, 2860 are government employees and the remainingare
self-employed. Find the government employees to self-employed ratio.
Solution: Total number of people = 8000
Number of government employees = 2860
Number of self-employed = 8000 - 2860 = 5140
143: 257
Ratio of governmentemployees to self-employed =2860 :5140 =
month. Find the ratio of his:
Example 5: Amit earns 64,000 per month and spends 16,000 per
b. savings to income C. savings to expenditure
a. expenditure to income
Solution: Here, income = 64,000, expenditure =716,000
.:. Savings=64,000- 16,000=48,000
16,000
a. Ratio of expenditure to income = 64,000 4-=1:4
48,000 3
=3:4
b. Ratio of savings to income = 64,000 4
48,000 3
C. Ratio of savings to expenditure = 16,000 =3:1

Practice 15.1
Find the ratio of each ofthe following.
,40 min to 20 min 20 m to 30 cm 1week to 3 weeks
ve50 to 1000p 1hr 25 min to 75 min
4 kg to 500 g
2Express the following ratios in simplest form.
a/40:20 b49:35 0:72
221
 Aratio in simplest form is 11:15. If its antecedent is 121, find it consequent.
4 Consider the perimeter of
is 5:6. following statement. The ratio of perimeter of a rectangle to the a
square
Now, complete the given table which is representing some measured perimeters of rectangle and
square.
50 80
Perimeter of rectangle (m)
Perimeter of square (m) 60 72

In a village, there are 300 men and 65 children. Find the ratio of the number of men to the number
of children.
Total population of a district is 3,540, out of which 2,065 are males. Find the ratio of males to females
V. In a camp, there are 420boys and 180 girls.Find the ratio of:
number of girls to the number of boys.
number of girls to the total number of students.
number of boys to the total number of students.
g In acommunity, there are 200 cars, 110cycles and 60motorcycles. Find the ratio of:
cars:motorcycles cars :cycles rcycles: motorcycles
It the present age of Madan is 46 years and that of his daughter is 18 years, then determine the ratio of: i
g present age of Madan to the present age of his daughter.
age of Madan to the age of his daughter when Madan was 36 years old.
1d. age of Madan after 15 years to the age of his daughter after 10 years.
square.
Ø. the perimeter of a square is 24 cm, find the ratio of its side to that of the perimeter of a
Hariworks in an MNC firm. He earns 34,350 as salary per month. If he saves 9,000 per month
from his salary, then determine the ratio of:
b. his savings to his expenditure. C. his earnings to hisexpenditure.
a. hisearnings to hissavings.

Project
section of your class in the school.
Form groups of four. Each group takes up one
students for commuting to school. Now,
Find out the different modes of transport used by
following questions.
collate to complete the table and answer the
By public A:B A:C
Name of By school By personal
bus (A) vehicle (B) conveyance (C)
student

by school bus to students commuting by

1. Find out the ratio of students commuting
personal vehicle.
of students commuting by school bus to students commuting by
2. Find out the ratio
public conveyance.
MathsConnect
Imagineyourun a restaurant. Yourrestaurant has the specialityin serving
Indian meals.You want to design a flyer for allthose customers whom you Subject Connect
homedeliver1the food. You want to put alogo of yourrestaurantinthose
flyers.AAlogoissanidentifyingsymbol used in advertising.
Coatea logo as part of the front of the flyer. Follow the below given points
while designing the logo of yourrestaurant.
of the following ratios.
nesign three logos using colours or measurements toshow each
2. 2:5 3. 6:7
1, 4:3
show that the length to
For example, if you use a rectangle in your logo, you could
breadth ratio is 4:3.

Practice 15.2

Compare the following ratios. 5:2 or 3:6

4:5 or:10 :8or3:5 -3:5or 7:5
TR4:9o6 8:3 or 6:7
ratio4:5.,
I2 Divide 4,500 books between two book distributors in the
32
1 Divide 6,350 between Deepak and Akash in the ratio 2 3

I Divide 1,400 paintings in two exhibitions in the ratio

90 in the
Aparna are aged 8 years and 10 years respectively. Their mother divided
$ Pradip and
ratio of their ages. How much does each get? they invested 16,000and
initiate abusiness for which
6 Paresh and Naveen are thinking to decided to share the profits in the ratio of their
734,000, respectively. If both of them
one of themget, if their profit is 18,000?
investments, then how much money does each length of each piece
be divided in the ratio 2 :1. Find the
I() Aribbon is of length 48 cm and it is to
of ribbon.

Proportion
two ratios is known as proportion.
An equation which represents the equivalency of
Let us consider an example.
135 and Bsells 1 kg apple for
Suppose there are two fruit sellers Aand B. Asells 1.5 kg apples for
90, who is selling at a higher price?
15.
Ratio of the weights= 1.5:1=:1=3:2
10
Ratio of the price =135:90 =3:2
We see that, 1.5:1=135:90
Thus, when two ratios are equal,then the ratios are said to be in proportion.
Thus, both Aand Bare selling atthe same price.
Toequate the two ratios, we either use'sign or': sign.
225
 According to given information,
7
X:1380=7:12’ 138012
’ 12xX= 1380 x7
1380 x 7
805
12
Hence, the length of the sheet of paper is 805 cm.

Maths Genius
Write the recipe of your favourite dessert. If your recipe serves 5people, then by using
proportion increase it to serve 30 people.

Practice 15.3

Find which of the following are in

&2,3, 4,5 18,9, 10,5 proportion
4,9, 8, 8 d. 12,8, 6,4 le5,5, 12,4

2. Check whether the following statements ar true or false.

w81: :18:10 25:20::15:10 3:2::12:9
12:4::9:3 t 18:5::9:10
3:57:4
3. Find the value of x in the following proportions.
(b x:3=12:4 () 4:x= 12:9
@ x:6=13:3
Le 7:8=X:4 Cf 16:5=80:x
d 33: 44= 66:X
36 respectively. Find the second term.
I First,third and fourth terms of proportion are 18, 27 and
4:7.If Piyush earns 16,800 per month, how
S The income of Piyushand Shivani are in the ratio
much does Shivaniearn per month?
tin in the alloy is 9.5 g,what is the weight
8. The ratio of lead and tin in an alloy is 9:5. If the weight of
of lead in it?
women in an office is 5:7. If the number of women
() The ratio between the number of men and
working in the office.
working in the office is 42, then find the number of men
then find the age of Rishab.
I. The ratio of ages of Rishab and Riyaan is 5:7. If Riyaan is 21years old,
f his income is 96,000, then find the
The ratio of theexpenditure of aperson to his income is 5:8.
expenditure of the person.
second term exam is 4:3. If marks
(o The ratio of the marks scored by Aryan and Aman in maths
Scored by Aman is 72, then how many marks were scored by Aryan?

227
Example 2: If the cost of adozen paper is ? 18, then find the cost of a ream of
(Hint: 1 ream = 500 sheets). paper.
Solution: Cost of 1dozen paper = 18
Cost of 1sheet of paper =18 +12 =1.5
.:.Cost of 1ream of paper =1.5x 500 = 750
Example 3: If the length of acloth needed to make a gown is thrice as that of a frock, then find how
many gowns can be made with the clothneeded for 240 frocks.
Solution: Length of acloth needed for lgown = Lenath of a cloth needed for 3 frocks
.:. Total number of gowns made with lenath of the cloth for 240 frocks = 240 +3 =80
Example 4: If4 men can lay a road of length 240 m in 3 hrs, then find the length of road laid by 21 men
in 3 hrs.
Solution: Length of road laid by 4 men in 3 hrs = 240 m
’ Length of road laid by 1man in 3 hrs = 240 m +4=60 m
.:. Length of road laid by 21 men in 3 hrs =60 m x 21=1260 m
Example 5: Ifa pole of height 24 m casts ashadow 48 cm long,then find the length of the shadow cast
by atower of height 160 m at the same time.
Solution: Length of the shadow cast by a pole of 24 mheight - 48 cm =0.48 m
’Length of shadowcast bya pole of 1 m height=0.48 + 24 =0.02 m
:. Length of shadow cast by a tower of 160 m height =0.02 x 160=3.2 m

Practice 15.4
I Ifthe cost of 12candies is 48, then find the cost of 21 such candies.
The cost of 12 bracelets is 912, then how many bracelets can be bought for 684?
i Sumana can knit 42 handbags inaweek. Find the number of handbagsshe could make in amonth,
if she was sick for two days and could not make even a single handbag (1 month =30 days).
4. Ifafactory produces 16 cars in 5 days, then find the number of cars it could make in a month
(30 days).
Saif purchases 8 pens for 68 and Steve purchases 14 pens of the same type for 120. Who
got the pen at a lesser cost?
25 minutes.
\b Ashok runs adistance of 6.5 km in 26 minutes and Beena runs a distance of 5 km in
Who runs faster?
paid for
6. Aworker was paid atotal wage of 3,510 for month with eight holidays. Find the amount
him for 12 working days. (1 month =30days)
Distance travelled by a car in 5 hrs is 48 km, then find the distance it travels in 9 hrs at a constant speed.
shadowcast by a
(8.) Ifa tower of height 150 m castsa shadow 45 m long, then findthe length of the
pole of height 10 m at the same time.
with a
I9/ If the lenath of cloth needed to stitch 8 shirts is 9.6 m, then how many shirts can be made
cloth of length 120 m?

229
 8. The cost of ashirt is as that of a pant. If the total cost of a shirt and a pair of pants iis
half
the cost of 4 shirts and 3pants.
750, find
Vinay spent ?3430 in two weeks, then find the amount spent by him in 4 days.
. The cost of a
strawberry muffin is thrice as that of a vanilla muffin. If the total cost of a
muffin and a vanilla muffin is 135,then find the cost of 2strawberry muffins and 4 vanilla muff. strawberry

Activities
Individual work
Go out to a grocery store. Now, take products, say shampoo, soap of at least five different
brands. Now, using unitary method, find which among them is cost-effective.

Group work
Investigate the following:
1. The relationship between the length of the
diagonal of a square and its sides.
2. The relationship between the diameter of a
circle and the length of its circumference.
3. Ratio of the perimeter of an equilateral triangle to its
Work in pairs. Make a prediction as to whether or not height
you think there will be a
three points or it will be different constant
the two quantities mentioned in each of the ratio of
squares and circles. for different

HOTS 1. Ravi mixes cement and

sand in the ratio1:6by volume. In the
42 kg, how much more
cement mixture of
the mixture to the ratio 2:9. needs to be added to increase the quality of
2. Sriraka draws two rectangles such that the ratio of
the
inboth the rectangles. The length in the first rectangle length
is two
to the breadth remain the same
second rectangle. Sriraka says that the times that of the length in the
the corresponding perimeter and perimeter and the area of the first rectangle is twice
3. If thrice of Ais five and
area of the second rectangle. Do you think she is right?
ratio of A:(C-1). two-ninths of Bis 12 and
seven-tenths of Ais half of C. then find the
4. The perimeter of atriangle is 45 cm. If
the ratio of the
and the leftover side is
one-third of the perimeter, thensmallest and the largest side is 3 :7
find the difference between the
largest and smallest side.
5. Ifx:y= 2:3, then find the value of (5x+ 4y): (5y - 4x).
6. If24 men need 72 kg of rice per
15 men for 10 days. month (30days),then find the quantity of
rice needed by
230
 Revision Exercise
Fill in the blanks.
1. In a proportion,the second and the third terms are called
2. If6:x::3:2, then x = ...

3. The ratio of 24 hours to 15 seconds is

4. If the cost of 8books is 40, then the cost of 15 such books will be
5. If the four given quantities are in proportion, then the product of. terms is equal to
the product of means.

Choose the correct option.

1. If8bananas cost 64,then the cost of 1dozen bananas is:
a. 90 b. 84 C. F96 d. 80
2. The ratioof number of sides of rectangle to the number of sides of triangle is:
a. 4:3 b. 3:2 C. 4:2 d. 3:4
3 The price of a book is increased from 600 to 800. The ratio of the increase in price to the increased
price is:
a. 1:3 b. 2:3 C. 3:1 d. 1:4
4. If the weight of 6 persons is 402 kg, then the weight of 16 persons will be:
a. 1116 kg b. 1072 kg C. 998 kg d. 868 kg
5 Which among the following numbers are in proportion?
a. 2,3, 5,6 b. 4, 8, 8,4 C. 5, 8, 2, 6 d. 2,6, 3, 9
Subjective Questions
1. Find the ratio of each of the following in the simplest form.
a. 117:153 b. 80:240 c. 2hr 45 min to 1 hr 15 min d. 1m 44 cm to 2 m40 cm
2 Check whether the numbers 6, 10, 20, 18 are in proportion or not.
3. In a classof 40students, 22 students are boys. What is the ratio of the number of bovs to the number of
girls in the class?
4. Architastudies 4 hours aday. The ratio of study hoursof Archita andBanish is 2:5. Find the numberot
hours for which Banish studies.
5. Abhay eats 4 packets of chips per week. The ratio of the packets of chips eaten by Abhay andSomesh
per week is 2:8. Find out how many packets of chips does Somesh eat per week and also state the
reason,why should we not eat chips and why are they not good for our health?
6. In afactory,a labourer earns ? 1200 in 6days. How much money wllhe earn in 24 days?
7. Apole of length 1m 80cm is divided into two parts such that their length is in the ratio 5:7. Find the
length of each part of the pole.
8. The ratio between the weight of gold and silver in an alloy is 17:3.If the weight of silver in alloy is
2.7 g, find the weight of gold and the weight of the alloy, respectively.

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