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MCQ Questions
1. Concerning renal functions:
a) Kidneys play a role in regulation of plasma insulin level.
b) Acute renal failure results in marked loss of endocrine functions of kidneys.
c) Chronic renal failure can be completely corrected by artificial kidney.
d) Normocytic anemia is an association of chronic renal diseases.
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[2024] PH3- Renal Physiology Questions-1
7. Nephrons:
a) Are made up of a vascular and muscular components.
b) 75% of nephrons normally act as reserve inside the body.
c) Cortical nephrons constitute 15% of total nephrons.
d) Juxtamedullary nephrons are the primary ones responsible for the volume of
glomerular filtration.
8. Juxtamedullary nephrons:
a) Have a missed thin ascending limb of loop of Henle.
b) Have thick muscular afferent arterioles.
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c) Their main function is Na reabsorption.
d) Do not have intrarenal chemoreceptors..
9. Cortical nephrons:
a) Have a missed thin ascending limb of loop of Henle.
b) Have thin afferent arterioles.
c) Main function is water reabsorption.
d) Have no macula densa.
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22. In regulation of renal blood flow, all of the following are true
EXCEPT:
a) Severe sympathetic effects constrict renal vessels leading to decrease RBF &
GFR.
b) Low levels of angiotensin-II constrict efferent arteriole and increase GFR.
c) High levels of angiotensin-II constrict afferent arteriole and may decrease GFR.
d) Intrinsic autoreglulation operate in pressure range of 50-150 mmHg.
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31. GFR:
a) Is measured in units of time per units of volume.
b) Is normally higher by 10% in females than males.
c) Is a non-selective process.
d) Is normally 175 ml/min.
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50. Which of the following factors does not affect the filtration
fraction:
a) Afferent vasoconstriction.
b) Dehydration and Hyperproteinemia.
c) Efferent vasodilatation.
d) Increase Bowman’s capsule intracapsular pressure..
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[2024] PH3- Renal Physiology Questions-1
Answers
1 D 21 A 41 C
2 B 22 D 42 B
3 A 23 B 43 A
4 C 24 D 44 C
5 D 25 C 45 B
6 B 26 C 46 A
7 B 27 A 47 D
8 D 28 D 48 B
9 A 29 A 49 D
10 C 30 B 50 A
11 B 31 C
12 D 32 B
13 B 33 C
14 D 34 B
15 C 35 D
16 B 36 C
17 B 37 D
18 D 38 C
19 C 39 B
20 B 40 D
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Essay Questions
1) List the overall functions of the kidneys.
2) Outline the role of the kidneys as endocrine organs.
3) Outline the homeostatc kidney function.
4) Outline the function of the kidney that is essential to maintain life.
5) List the causes of increase renin secretion by the kidneys.
6) List the causes of renal hypertension, and its treatment strategies.
7) List renal vasoactive prostaglandins, and their role in renal protection.
8) Describe the anatomical structure of kidneys.
9) Describe the general structure of a nephron.
10) Compare and contrast between superficial (short-loop, cortical) and deep
(long-loop, juxtamedullary) nephrons.
11) Compare between the characters of afferent and efferent arterioles in
cortical and in juxtamedullary nephrons.
12) Outline the structure and function of the juxta-glomerular apparatus.
13) Define and list the characters of the: intrarenal baroreceptors and the
intrarenal chemoreceptors.
14) Describe the role of juxtaglomerular apparatus in maintenance of a
relatively constant RBF & GFR
15) Discuss renal blood flow, its % from the cardiac output and its unique
characteristic features.
16) List renal capillaries. Compare between them regarding their pressures
and function.
17) List the determinant of RBF.
18) List the main sites of renal vascular resistance. Explain the importance of
each one.
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