40 ‫ دفعة‬Histology 3rd term exam

40 ‫ دفعة‬Physiology 3rd term exam

1. The direct action of ADH in the collecting ducts is

a) Decrease water reabsorption
b) Increase potassium secretion
c) Increase sodium reabsorption
d) Increase urea reabsorption

2. The main buffer which control the involatile acids is

a) Bicarbonate buffer
b) Renal system
c) Respiratory system
d) Hemoglobin buffer

3. Which of the following describes the deference between the osmolarity of

ascending loop of Henle and interstitial medullary osmolarity
a) The osmolarity of the interstitial medullary fluid is higher than of
the filtration
b) The osmolarity of the interstitial medullary fluid lower than of the
filtration
c) The osmolarity of medullary depends on hydrated state
d) A+C

4. The counter current multiplication allow reabsorption of water in ……

and excretion of concentrated urine
a) Proximal convoluted tubule
b) Distal convoluted tubule
c) Collecting duct
d) Ascending loop of Henle

5. The mechanism of counter current multiplication system

a) Dilute of glomerular filtration in collecting ducts
b) Concentration of glomerular filtration in loop of Henle
c) Water is passively transported into luminal tubule
d) Solutes are actively secreted into the luminal tubule
 40 ‫ دفعة‬Physiology 3rd term exam

6. The active tubular secretion

a) Movement of solutes from blood stream into renal tubule
b) Movement of solutes from tubules into the blood stream
c) Transportation of solutes through basolateral membrane
d) Transportation of solutes through apical membrane

7. Regarding to the Glucose absorption it occurs by

a) Paracellular transport through proximal convoluted tubule
b) Primary active transport through proximal convoluted tubule
c) Secondary active transport through proximal convoluted tubule
d) Secondary active transport through distal convoluted tubule

8. Direction of the blood flow in the vasa recta

a) Unidirectional (either descending or ascending but not both)
b) Bidirectional (both ascending and descending)
c) Ascending straight only
d) Descending straight only

9. The main control of HCO3 reabsorption

a) Angiotensin II
b) Carbonic anhydrase
c) Aldosterone
d) ADH

10. Which segment of the nephron actively reabsorb Na+ and cl- ions out of
the tubular lumen and establish the osmotic gradient necessary for
counter current multiplication
a) Thin ascending limb of loop of Henle
b) Thin descending limb of loop of Henle
c) Thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
d) Proximal convoluted tubule

11. The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism (autoregulation) involves the

detection of the changes in the flow rate by
a) Juxtaglomerular cells
 40 ‫ دفعة‬Physiology 3rd term exam

b) Macula densa cells

c) Mesangial cells
d) Podocytes

12. Which of the following is responsible for the response of myogenic

action in autoregulation
a) Stretch of smooth muscle of arterioles
b) Angiotensin II
c) Aldosterone
d) Mesangial cells contraction

13. A peripheral blood smear reveals the presence of schistocytes

(fragmented red blood cells) this finding is most often associated with
a) Hemolytic anemia
b) Iron deficiency anemia
c) Sickle cell anemia
d) Thalassemia

14. Which of the following conditions is characterized by an elevated Mean

Corpuscular volume (MCV) in RBCs
a) Hereditary spherocytosis
b) Thalassemia
c) Iron deficiency anemia
d) Polycythemia Vera

15. In hemostasis, the sequence of events is

a) Vascular construction – platelet adhesion – platelet aggregation –
clot formation.
b) Vascular construction – clot formation – platelet adhesion –
platelet aggregation.
c) clot formation - platelet adhesion - platelet aggregation - Vascular
construction.
d) platelet aggregation - platelet adhesion - clot formation - Vascular
construction.

16. Anti fibrinolytic agent as ( tranexamic ) can stop fibrinolysis by

 40 ‫ دفعة‬Physiology 3rd term exam

a) Inhibit activation of plasminogen into plasmin

b) Inhibit formation of fibrinogen
c) Activate activation of plasminogen into plasmin
d) Inhibit formation of plasminogen

17. Which of the following is responsible for breakdown of fibrin clot during
fibrinolysis process
a) Plasmin
b) Plasminogen
c) tPA Inhibitor
d) uPA Inhibitor

18. In the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation

a) TP,VII activate XI transform XIa
b) Trigger to form thrombin II by activating prothrombin
c) Factor VII present in the circulation of surrounding tissue
d) Thromboplastin initiates the extrinsic pathway

19. Regarding to Rh antigen system

a) Rh+ individuals contains E,D,C antigen
b) 50% Caucasians are D
c) Don’t develop anti Rh antibodies without the exposure of the Rh-
individual to Rh+ RBCs
d) All of above

20. Regarding to the blood type

a) determined by RBC surface agglutination
b) determined by plasma agglutination
c) by them we can determine the parents
d) incompatible transfusion the recipient blood will be agglutinated

21. In gastric secretion phase

a) Is under the condition reflex
b) Control mainly by vagal release of gastrin
c) Associated with receptive relaxation of the stomach
d) Is under neural regulation only
 40 ‫ دفعة‬Physiology 3rd term exam

22. Which of the following directly stimulates the parietal cells to secret HCL
a) Gastrin
b) Histamine
c) CCK
d) Secretin

23. Which enzyme in serous saliva secreted by parotid gland

a) Salivary amylase
b) Lingual lipase
c) Pepsinogen
d) Trypsin

24. Role of MMC in gastric emptying

a) Promote the peristalsis motility of the stomach
b) Regulate the interdigestive motility pattern
c) Promotion of gastrin
d)

25. Regarding to the salivary amylase

a) Its secretion is stimulated by CCK
b) Can hydrolysis the starch when food in the stomach
c) Its secretion is stimulated by gastrin
d) Non of the above

26. Absorption of amino acids to the blood stream occurred by

a) K-dependent co transport
b) H-dependent anti port
c) Na-dependent co transport
d) Ca-dependent co transport

27. The following stimulate the gastric secretion except

a) Distention of the stomach
b) Presence of polypeptide
c) Increase motility in the stomach
d) Increase acidity of the stomach

28. Which of the following stop HCL secretion

 40 ‫ دفعة‬Physiology 3rd term exam

a) Histamine
b) Gastrin
c) Ach
d) Prostaglandin

29. Which of the following breakdown complex sugar into maltose and
maltitriose in the intestine occur by the action of
a) Maltase
b) Surcease
c) Pancreatic amylase
d) Salivary amylase

30. The precursor of platelets (thrombocyte)

a) erythroblast
b) Myeloblast
c) Thrombocyte
d) Non of the above