1.

Sensory systems

2. PROTEINS!

Jae Pyun
Assessment RECAP!

Assessment
1: Participation in
5% On-going
interactive lectures and
forums

Assessment 2: Team
outputs from workshop
15% On-going
sessions (moderated by
Feedback Fruits)
FEEDBACK on in-semester test 1
Test 1 Question feedback
• Check your spelling! (you were marked correctly for
misspelled word this time)

• Collagen IS a type of connective tissue!

• 4 different homeostatic mechanisms for

thermoregulation:
1. Vasodilation:
2. Shivering:
3. Increased metabolic rate:
4. Pilomotor reflex:
5. Behavioural Anticipation (extra for experts)

4
Test 1 Question feedback
• The same chemical messenger can act as a
neurotransmitter and a hormone. Explain this
statement, using a relevant example. In your
answer compare and contrast the two systems
(nervous and endocrine) in which this chemical
messenger is acting.
• Neurohormone - neurosecretory hormone. Some examples:
oxytocin, dopamine, serotonin, adrenaline, noradrenaline etc.

5
Reflection task (assessed part
of your in-semester test)

Moodle

Due 5th May 11:55 PM

Essay topic due THIS FRIDAY

In-semester test 2
(week 4-7 inclusive)
8 questions
50 mins
Friday 28th April 3 PM
EXPLORE TOPIC 1: What’s that
noise?

But first LET’s KAHOOT!

 You are walking in the forest…
1. What information is being detected by you/your body?

Try to come up with two external and two internal examples.

How is that information being detected?
 You are walking in the forest, how are you
detecting sensory information?
What physiological systems are involved – and can you describe
the system using the following hierarchy (with examples)?

1. System
2. Organ/s
3. Tissue/s
4. Cells/s
 You are walking in the forest, how are you
detecting sensory information?

Tell me about the role of a neuron in one of your examples. How

is the neuron activated (and what does this mean)?

What is the response of the neuron (and why is this important or

relevant)?
 You are walking in the forest, what is your
body doing to meet it’s needs/your goals?

1. What is your body doing?

2. Try to come up with two voluntary and two involuntary

examples. How is the response being generated?
LET’s PollEv

13
 A brief stop to look at terminology
1. You are walking in the forest, what is your body
detecting? External and internal stimuli.
A brief stop to look at terminology
 A brief stop to look at terminology
1. You are walking in the forest, what is your body
detecting? External and internal stimuli.

2. You are walking in the forest, what is your body doing

to meet it’s needs/your goals? Voluntary and
involuntary responses.
 A brief stop to look at terminology

1. You are walking in the forest, what is your body doing

to meet it’s needs/your goals? Voluntary and
involuntary responses.

2. Peripheral nervous system: divisions

Voluntary:
Involuntary:
 A brief stop to look at terminology
1. You are walking in the forest, what is your body
detecting? External and internal stimuli.

2. You are walking in the forest, what is your body doing

to meet it’s needs/your goals? Voluntary and
involuntary responses.

Unconscious and conscious detection and/or responses:

A brief stop to look at terminology
Conscious Subconscious

Vision Muscle length and tension

Hearing Blood pressure

Taste pH and oxygen content of blood

Smell pH of cerebrospinal fluid

Equilibrium Lung inflation

Touch Osmolarity of body fluids

Temperature Temperature

Pain Blood glucose

Itch

Proprioception Proprioception
 A brief stop to look at terminology
Subconscious and conscious detection and/or responses:
 A brief stop to look at terminology
Subconscious and conscious detection and/or responses:
 A brief stop to look at terminology
Subconscious and conscious detection and/or responses:
 A brief stop to look at terminology
Subconscious and conscious detection and/or responses:
 A brief stop to look at terminology
• The peripheral nervous system (PNS) passes on
information to the rest of the body from the CNS, or
picks up information from the body, and lets the CNS
know what’s going on

• There are three divisions of the PNS:

• Afferent neurones (transmit information to the CNS)
• Sensory neurones – monitor the internal and external
environments
• Efferent neurones (transmit information from the CNS)
• Somatic (motor) neurones – initiate skeletal muscle contraction
• Autonomic neurones; sympathetic and parasympathetic – initiate
smooth and cardiac muscle contraction (and more)
• Enteric neurones
 You are walking in the forest…
What physiological systems are involved? Can you describe the
system using the following hierarchy (with examples)?

1. System
2. Organ/s
3. Tissue/s
4. Cells/s
 You are walking in the forest, and you
hear a twig snap…

1. What is your response?

2. Try to come up with one voluntary and one

involuntary response. How is the response being
generated?

3. What is an example of an endocrine system

response?
 You are walking in the forest…

Let’s go subcellular

Now, tell me about the role of an example protein, expressed on

an example cell in one of your examples.

What is the protein/where is it expressed/what does it do (and

why is this important/relevant)?
 Protein function
Back to your example. Your protein is dysfunctional. Why?

What are the consequences… build from micro to macro:

1. Cell/s
2. Tissue/s
3. Organ/s
4. System

Physiologically, what can you not do (and why is that a problem)?

PROTEINS
Drug Discovery / Development
Why are we interested in proteins?
Linking back to your disease topics!
What are common drug targets?

G Protein-Coupled Growth Hormone

Receptors Receptors
Ion Channels

Enzymes DNA Nuclear

Receptors
Protein structure
1. Primary structure

2. Secondary structure

3. Tertiary structure

4. Quaternary structure

As with tertiary structure, a variety of bonding

types are involved.
Additions to proteins
MUST go through discovery

Proteins: structure & function

• Effect of pH on protein

• Examples of different structures of

proteins

• Enzymes function