SMART PHARMACY MEDICINE DISPENSING

SYSTEM

HANAN RAIS BIN ABDUL MALIK

192060800

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY
(DIPLOMA IN MECHATRONIC ENGINEERING)
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS

2022
AUTOMATIC UMBRELLA SCHOOL BAG PROTOTYPE
FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENT

by

HANAN RAIS BIN ABDUL MALIK

192060800

A report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of

Diploma in Mechatronics Engineering

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY

(DIPLOMA IN MECHATRONIC ENGINEERING)

UNVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS

2022

ii
 APPROVAL AND DECLARATION SHEET

This project report entitled SMART PHARMACY MEDICINE DISPENSING

SYSTEM was prepared and submitted

By

HANAN RAIS BIN ABDUL MALIK

192060800

has been found satisfactory in terms of scope, quality and presentation as partial fulfilment
of the requirement for the
Diploma Engineering (Mechatronic Engineering) in Universiti Malaysia Perlis
(UniMAP).

Checked and Approved by

-----------------------------------------
()
Project Supervisor
Faculty of Mechatronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis

November 2022

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who provided me the possibility to
complete this report. I am grateful to God for providing me with the fortitude and wisdom during
conduct of this project, strive, and successfully execute it. A special gratitude I give to our final
year project supervisor, Dr. Allan Melvin A/L Andrew, whose contribute in stimulating
suggestions and encouragement, helped me to coordinate my project especially in writing this
report.

Furthermore, I would also like to express my gratitude towards my parents for their kind co-
operation and encouragement which helped me in completing my project. Their ideas and
suggestions are very helpful to me.

My thanks and appreciations also go to my friends who helped me to search for references and
sample coding for my project. Last but not least, many thanks go to panels especially in my
project presentation that has improved my presentation skills thanks to their comment and advices.

iv
 Table of Contents

APPROVAL AND DECLARATION SHEET.........................................ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.........................................................................iii
ABSTRAK..................................................................................................iv
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................v
Table of Contents.......................................................................................vi
LIST OF FIGURES...................................................................................ix
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION...............................................................1
1.1 Background study....................................................................................................1
1.2 Problem statement...................................................................................................1
1.3 Project objective......................................................................................................2
1.4 Scope of project.......................................................................................................2
1.5 Summary of the Chapter..........................................................................................2
CHAPTER 2 : LITERATURE REVIEW..................................................3
2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................3
2.2 Project Review.........................................................................................................4
2.3 Project Comparison.................................................................................................6
2.4 Summary of the Chapter..........................................................................................6
CHAPTER 3 : METHODOLOGY.............................................................7
3.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................7
3.2 Project Methodology...............................................................................................7
3.3 Software Development............................................................................................8
3.3.1 Coding development....................................................................................9
3.4 Summary of the Chapter........................................................................................10
CHAPTER 4 : RESULT AND DISCUSSION........................................11
4.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................11
4.2 Result.....................................................................................................................11
4.3 Summary of the Chapter........................................................................................11
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK……………………………..12
5.1 Conclusion of the project.......................................................................................12
5.2 Future Work...........................................................................................................13

v
 LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Project Comparison.........................................................................................6

Table 4.1 Result Diagrams……………………………………………………………12

vi
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1...........................................................................................................................8
Figure 3.2...........................................................................................................................9
Figure 3.3...........................................................................................................................9
Figure 3.4...........................................................................................................................9
Figure 3.5...........................................................................................................................9
Figure 4.1.........................................................................................................................11
Figure 4.2.........................................................................................................................11
Figure 4.3.........................................................................................................................11

vii
 SMART PHARMACY MEDICINE DISPENSING SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

Smart Pharmacy Medicine Dispensing System is system that can be used by

patient who need to get their medication without have to be attended in to the Pharmacy
or the Hospital. This system is made in the website as it is more user friendly and easier
to maintain. This system consists on patient data and diagnosis which is stored in the
database system. This data and diagnosis are later can be accessed by the doctor to
update, change or add any diagnosis. And also, the Pharmacist will have a read access
to these details to provide the patient with the medication needed. This is made possible
by creating a website using PHP as primary language, CSS as design frontend, JScript
as backend controller, SQL and python as database commend and lastly Apache for a in
home server that power the entire website. Furthermore, this website can be accessed
from any device as long as there is a good internet connection to make a connection
with internet. Patients can order medicine, which pharmacist will pack up the medicines
and ready for the shipment or delivery to the patient. Its delivery status can be checked
in the Website.

viii
 SISTEM PENGEDIHAN UBAT FARMASI BESTARI

ABSTRAK

Sistem Pemberian Ubat Farmasi Pintar adalah sistem yang boleh digunakan oleh pesakit
yang perlu mendapatkan ubat mereka tanpa perlu dibawa ke Farmasi atau Hospital.
Sistem ini dibuat dalam laman web kerana ia lebih mesra pengguna dan lebih mudah
diselenggara. Sistem ini terdiri daripada data pesakit dan diagnosis yang disimpan
dalam sistem pangkalan data. Data dan diagnosis ini kemudiannya boleh diakses oleh
doktor untuk mengemas kini, menukar atau menambah sebarang diagnosis. Dan juga,
Ahli Farmasi akan mempunyai akses membaca kepada butiran ini untuk menyediakan
pesakit dengan ubat yang diperlukan. Ini dimungkinkan dengan mencipta tapak web
menggunakan PHP sebagai bahasa utama, CSS sebagai reka bentuk hadapan, JScript
sebagai pengawal belakang, SQL dan python sebagai pangkalan data memuji dan akhir
sekali Apache untuk pelayan di rumah yang menguasai keseluruhan tapak web.
Tambahan pula, laman web ini boleh diakses dari mana-mana peranti asalkan ada
sambungan internet yang baik untuk membuat sambungan dengan internet. Pesakit
boleh memesan ubat, ahli farmasi mana yang akan membungkus ubat dan bersedia
untuk penghantaran atau penghantaran kepada pesakit. Status penghantarannya boleh
disemak di Laman Web.

ix
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background study

Nowadays, everyone is looking for new technologies by replacing the manual operation

to the automatic controlled devices or apps. Online Health Community (OHC)

platforms are one of the disruptive technologies of the future. OHCs offer a platform for

patients, healthcare professionals, clinicians, caregivers, and others to express their

opinions and create solutions for problems of interest. Pharmacy is a strong organization

in healthcare sector that provide services begin with the prescription of medications and

continue until the medication's effect is monitored. Staff at hospitals and community

pharmacies promote rational prescribing and medication use. As a result, pharmacy is a

complex and busy sector. There are frequently peak workload hours when patients must

wait for extended periods of time to get their medicines especially those who are

wishing to get continuous supply. Therefore, this project will create a system which can

smartly distribute medicine to those who are wishing for continuous supply of medicine

by using website. The process of prescribing and governing a patient’s medication

involves several steps including ordering, transcribing, dispensing and administration.

As the process is error-prone, it requires computerization to support OHCs as well. The

digital transformation of medicine is best supported by computerized provider order

entry (CPOE), a term that refers to a system in which patients directly place orders via

electronic means, and the pharmacist will verify with the orders and the medicines

being transferred directly to the patient or whomever the orders need to be transferred

to.

1
1.2 Problem statement
Currently, most of the medicines are dispensed at the hospital pharmacy. Due to the

pandemic, many people are having trouble getting their medications in a timely manner.

It includes people who want a constant supply of medications from hospitals or clinics.

Typically, patients need to queue to take their medicines at pharmacy and sometimes

have to spend for a long time waiting there. For a working patient, this will create a

problem for them because they have to rushing back to their office and cause failed to

them to get medicine in a time manner. Besides, queueing for a long time at pharmacy

can cause crowded situation at pharmacy especially during peak hours, whereby that

time others patients also come after done appointments with doctors as well as

pharmacist also take time to provide the medicines in order to avoid error especially

correct dosage, time taken intake for medicine and others

1.3 Project objective

There is the main objective that can define the project outcome:

I. To design a system of smart medicine dispensing for patients.

II. To develop a user-friendly apps for patients to order their medicine via online.

III. To verify effectiveness of system based on Android apps and IoT application.

1.4 Scope of project

There is the scope of the project:

I. This project is design to help patients to get their medication without the need to

physically attend the pharmacy.

II. This project is focused on a specific type of people who doesn’t have time to queue

to get their medication in pharmacy.

III. This project helps to store and access patients’ data securely.

2
1.5 Summary of the Chapter
This project summary is divided into five chapters. This project's outline was

included in Chapter 1. The second chapter is a literature review that includes a

description of the project's design and development. In Chapter 3, the methodology of

this project, including the framework for building applications, is presented. The

outcome and discussion, as well as the steps to configure and run the programme. In

chapter 4, discussion about the result and also have a discussion session of the project.

Chapter 5 concludes the overall project & brief recommendation for future work.

3
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Literature Review

2.1.1 Automated Medicine Dispenser for Online Health Community (OHC) using
Cloud [1]
A research paper published by G. Suganya et al. has designed an IoT based
Automated Medicine Dispenser for Online Health Community (OHC) using Cloud. To
support and grow the online health communities, an automated medication dispenser
architecture and implementation are proposed. With the help of this solution, doctors in
the option medical community can recommend medications based on the health
conditions of their patients as reported by those patients online. When the doctor and
patient begin communication, each user is protected by a special barcode. The medicine
can then be delivered using the nearby automatic pill dispenser after the barcode has
been scanned. Storage as a Service is supported by the cloud. The suggested model does
away with the need for time-consuming doctor and pharmacy visits. Additionally,
patients are freed from errors that could result from handwriting misunderstanding and
medication substitution in manual medicine dispensing systems [1].

2.1.2 Smart Pharmacy Application Development using the API Midtrans [2]

A research paper published by I. Reynaldi et al. proposed a smart pharmacy application

development using the API Midtrans for payment gateway on android smartphone. The
three technologies of Google Maps and Location Based Services is used to obtain the
position and store data using Android mobile devices by utilising the API technology
Midtrans. After testing and distributing questionnaires, it was determined that there was
a need for applications that could locate the closest pharmacy and search for
medications, thereby reducing the length of time that people had to wait in line at
pharmacies and making payment easier for users. Based on test results for the
SmartApotek application for the Android platform, design and implementation were
then made or the following was inferred which are the SmartApotek application already
makes it easier to find medicines and the closest pharmacy. It is desired to make it
simpler for customers to find pharmacies and their desired location without having to
wonder if there are any medicines available, the SmartApotek app can cut down on the
number of people waiting in line to buy and pay for medicines, so that clients won't
have to wait in line at the pharmacy and the SmartApotek app already makes it easier to
make payments, so that customers do not need to use cash to pay [2]

4
Smart Medicine Dispenser (SMD) Prototype [3]

A research paper published by W. Antoun et al. presented a smart medicine dispenser

(SMD) prototype. The main goal of this system is to make it easier for patients,
especially seniors, to take their medications on schedule and without having to worry
about forgetting a dose. It also lowers the possibility of accidentally overdosing or
underdosing. Correct medication administration can prevent serious outcomes like
illness, death, and postponed recovery. Such issues could be resolved by the SMD,
which would inform and remind patients to take the right dose at the right time.
Additionally, it facilitates direct communication between patients and caregivers by
alerting the latter right away if a patient forgets to take a medication. SMD offers the
user a touch interface that they can access via a smartphone application, enabling them
to remotely manage and control their medication schedules and usage information [3].

2.1.3 Automatic Medicine Dispenser (AMD) [4]

A research paper published by J. Philip et al. has designed an automatic medicine

dispenser (AMD). In order to make life easier for everyone, including kids who work
abroad, the product is made to ensure that the quantity and timing of the pills to be
dispensed can be controlled and monitored using an app. Additionally, it provides a
direct line of communication between the user and their parents because it will alert
them right away if the patient forgets to take a pill. Additionally, this system offers the
customer a touchscreen that they can use remotely to monitor and control the timetables
and access information through a mobile application. Typically, a loud alarm signal is
used to alert the patient. The medicine dispenser will emit louder signals to get the
patient's attention if they not take the medicine within a predetermined amount of time
[4].

5
 2.2 Project Comparison

Table 2.1: Project Comparison

How patients get Online Payment or

Project Name Order Online
their medicine Cash

Automated Medicine Physically attend

Dispenser for Online to medicine
Yes Cash
Health Community (OHC) dispenser to get
using Cloud the medicine.

Smart Pharmacy Attend to

Application Development pharmacy or Yes Online
using the API Midtrans store physically.

Attend to
Smart Medicine Dispenser pharmacy or No Online
(SMD) Prototype store physically.
Attend to
Automatic Medicine pharmacy or store No Cash
Dispenser (AMD) physically.

6
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction
This chapter will show and explain on the development of the Application for Smart
Pharmacy Medicine Dispensing System. The application for this system is constructed in
Adobe Dreamweaver using apache server and PHP language coding. The database for this
system is developed using MySQL. This project does not include or involve any hardware
instrument. Instead, this project runs on an Chrome Web Browser which is all is needed to run
this program. All the data collection, coding, research and testing will be shown in this
chapter. The methodology chosen must be appropriate and suitable for the development of the
system as it will be step by-step guide that the developer must follow in order to deliver the
system successfully. In this chapter, Flowchart has been chosen to apply in the development
of Smart Pharmacy Medicine Dispensing System.

3.2 Project Methodology

This Project is developed to order and deliver medicine to the patient by using a web
application which can be access by patient using an ordinary web browser. This is made
possible by using a laptop as test server where the server is powered by the Apache Server
system using XAMPP and also SQL Database System which is MYSQL PHP. The coding
language that powers this application is PHP, HTML, Jscript and also SQL. This process is
shown in the flowchart from figure 3.1 below.

7
 Figure 3.1 Flow Chart

3.3 Software Development

Software is as important as hardware as it is like the mind of the body. Software is a part
where engineers use their coding to give instruction to the project to make up certain rules for
the component.

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 2.1.1 Coding development
Software used for this project are:
 XAMPP

Figure 3.2 XAMPP

 Apache HTTP Server

Figure 3.3 Apache HTTP Server

 PHPMyAdmin

Figure 3.4 PHPMyAdmin

 Adobe Dreamweaver

Figure 3.5 Adobe Dreamweaver

9
 The research has been conducted to identify how to operate these software as it is the
brain of the project. The research is first being conduct to determine which of the Apache
Server. This server uses HTTP server protocol which is needed to make the website to come
alive

Next, the PHPMyAdmin is used to control and make the database system possible. For
this lines of SQL code is prepare and excuted to create database and tables. Then this table is
accessed using PHP code that made this website.

All of the Apache and PHPMyAdmin instinces are controlled by XAMPP

3.4 Summary of the Chapter
This chapter shows the hardware and software involvements in this project which shows the
overview of how the project works. It explains the use of software that controls each and
every function involves in this project that makes it functionable.

10
 CHAPTER 4

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Introduction
This chapter will discuss about the result and also have a discussion session of the
project. This chapter also covers on the steps to configure and run the project. The result of
this final year project is a working prototype which can do its assigned mission with no errors.

This project is to help people busy people that has no time to go to the pharmacy to get
their medication. This helps the doctor to prescript medication to the patient. This will be
checked my pharmacist and prepare the medication. After preparing the medication the
delivery team will delivery to the respective patient. Patient can also make a hand pickup if
the pharmacy is on their way to home from work.

4.2 Result

This is the home page\login page of the

website.

This is pharmacist view page to prepare

medication and notify the delivery team if the
prescription is ready.

11
 This is patient page to view medications
needed and to check out for payment

Table 4.1 Result Diagrams

4.3 Summary of the Chapter
This chapter shows the result archived by completing the project entirely and
collecting data for further study and troubleshooting.

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 CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

5.1 Conclusion of the project

Internet connection is a necessity in modern days and with the help of it, Internet has
become norm in todays. Almost all everything can be done online these days. Internet is
ability of a system to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or
human-to-computer interaction. From this website to advance mobile application everything
now can be done in internet without being physically at a place.

This project and the build process have been challenging and tough due to various
reasons. Some reasons are due to unavailability of enough resources and due to limitation of
programming skill for a Mechatronic student.

Through these projects, we are able make the world a better place by reducing the
human time wastage and focus on things on more important work. For instance, this project
“Smart Pharmacy Medicine Dispensing System” is an webapp project that can reduce the
energy or time of humans by making a online platform. The main objective is to to help
people busy people that has no time to go to the pharmacy to get their medication. Without
this system, people need to go to pharmacy and make a long queue to get their medication on
busy days. This project is more cost saving because you won’t need to waste gas and receipts
due to all interactions is made online and the delivery team will send medication in bulk to
multiple order in same area and saving cost for fuel. This is also more nature friendly because
this reduce traffic jam on peak hour for patient to bring out their motor cars which will
increase carbon immersion. When you want the check and monitored status just need to open
this website and check the status from laptop or smartphone.

13
5.2 Future Work
This project can be implemented by making some changes to the design and make more
mobile friendly for smartphone users. This project is also can be improved by adding more
advance payment method and also e-wallet that has been widely used by Malaysians these
days.

14
 REFERENCE

[1] G. Suganya, M. Premalatha, A. Sharma, M. Pandya, and A. Joshi, “IOT based

automated medicine dispenser for online health community using cloud,” Int. J.
Recent Technol. Eng., vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 759–762, 2019.

[2] I. Reynaldi and I. D. Sumitra, “Application Development Using Smart

Pharmacies Api Midtrans As Payment Gateway on Android Smartphone,”
Elibrary.Unikom.Ac.Id, 2018, [Online]. Available:
https://elibrary.unikom.ac.id/1520/14/UNIKOM_IVAN
REYNALDI_JURNAL BAHASA INGGRIS.pdf.

[3] W. Antoun, A. Abdo, S. Al-Yaman, A. Kassem, M. Hamad, and C. ElMoucary,

“Smart Medicine Dispenser (SMD),” Middle East Conf. Biomed.
Eng. MECBME, vol. 2018-March, no. March, pp. 20–23, 2018, doi:
10.1109/MECBME.2018.8402399.

[4] J. Philip, F. M. Abraham, K. K. Giboy, B. J. Feslina, and T. Rajan, “Automatic

Medicine Dispenser using IoT,” Int. J. Eng. Res., vol. V9, no. 08, pp. 342–349,
2020, doi: 10.17577/ijertv9is080152.

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APPENDICES A

16
APPENDICES B

17